10. Identify the mismatched pair. a. Antagonistic hormones | Insulin and Glucagon b. Regulation of Metabolism | Pancreas c. Reproduction | Cortisol d. Osmoregulation | Aldosterone 11. What generates an action potential in the neuron? a. The concentration of K* and Nations becomes greater outside the neuron b. The concentration of K+ and Nations becomes greater inside the neuron c. The concentration of K+ and Nations and sodium becomes equal inside and outside the neuron d. Nothing - K+ and Nations are not involved in action potentials

10. Identify the mismatched pair. a. Antagonistic hormones | Insulin and Glucagon b. Regulation of Metabolism | Pancreas c. Reproduction | Cortisol d. Osmoregulation | Aldosterone 11. What generates an action potential in the neuron? a. The concentration of K* and Nations becomes greater outside the neuron b. The concentration of K+ and Nations becomes greater inside the neuron c. The concentration of K+ and Nations and sodium becomes equal inside and outside the neuron d. Nothing - K+ and Nations are not involved in action potentials

Biology 2e

2nd Edition

ISBN:9781947172517

Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Publisher:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark

Chapter37: The Endocrine System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 17RQ: A scientist hypothesizes that the pancreas’s hormone production is controlled by neural stimuli....

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3. After eating food, the concentration of glucose in the blood increased, which caused the secretion of a hormone that normalized the concentration of glucose. A. Name this hormone, where is it made? B. Draw a diagram of the regulation of the release of this hormone. What is an adjustable parameter? C. Can there be a hormone concentration in the scheme as a RP. If so, show it in outline? D. Could it be that the concentration of the hormone in the blood was increased, but this would not lead to the normalization of the concentration of glucose in the blood, which remained above normal, and this would lead to the appearance of glucose in the urine and an increase in daily diuresis. E. Name the possible causes of a violation in the circuit of regulation of hormone secretion.
5. Which statement(s) is/are true based on the drawing above? (choose all that apply) a. the blue neurons could secrete cortisol b. the green cells could be secreting insulin-like growth factors c. a tertiary pathology occurs at the level of the blue neurons d. negative feedback only occurs at the level of the blue neurons e. the gold neurons are part of the portal system f. the gold neurons could secrete oxytocin 8. Based on the image above, the blue neuron is connected to the ______(a. anterior b. posterior) pituitary and a possible hormone released by this neuron may include ______ (a. GH b. dopamine c. vasopressin d. somatostatin)
1. Protein hormones:A. Cuases protein synthesis in the cellB. ccan cuase the formation of cAMPC. Have hormone receptors in the nucleus of the cell D. Both a and c above.2. Steroid hormones have hormone receptors in the:A. Nucleus of the cellB. Cytoplasm of the cellC. Cell membrane of the cellD. Both a and c above3. The parathyroid hormone:A. Has the opposite effect of calcitoninB. is made in the Thyroid glandC. Causes a decrease in blood concentration of calciumD. All of the Above
8. Which of the following is a second messenger signal? to. CAMP b. IP3 DAG d. G protein-coupled receptor and A, B, and C only 9. Which hormone interaction is correctly paired with its meaning? to. Synergistic effects: One hormone enhances the target organ's response to a second later hormone b. Permissive effects: One hormone opposes the action of another Permissive effects: Multiple hormones act together for greater effect d.Antagonistic effects: One hormone opposes the action of another Synergistic effects: One hormone opposes the action of anotherx
29. One of the primary functions of the adrenal glands is to control electrolyte levels in the body. A. True B. False ____ 30. Nerve cells that make up nerve tissue include A. dendrites and axons. B. pons and myelin. C. neuroglia or glial cells and neurons. ____ 31. Hemiplegia is A. inability to say what you wish to say. B. loss of speech and memory. C. paralysis of one side of the body.
A hormone differs from a neurotransmitter in thata. hormones act extracellularly, whereas neurotransmitters act withinthe cell that synthesized them.b. hormones are released only by neurons, whereas neurotransmittersare released by many different types of cells.c. hormones cause only fast responses (seconds or less) to stimuli,whereas neurotransmitters cause slow responses (minutes to hours)to stimuli.d. hormones affect only epithelial cells, whereas neurotransmittersaffect only muscle cells.e. hormones are released into the bloodstream and can activate manycells in many parts of the body, whereas neurotransmitters arereleased by neurons and affect adjacent cells.
1. Which of the following is/are false? a. Peptide hormones are not able to penetrate the cell membrane B. Cathecolamines are not lipid soluble C. Steroid hormones bind to receptors on the outside of the cel membrane D. Thyroid hormone can cross the membrane. 2. Why are the receptors for amino acid-base hormones on the outside surface of cell membrane? A. Cells can respond faster when the hormones does not need to enter the cell B. Amino acid-base hormones cannot penetrate cell membrane C. Lysosomes in the intracellular fluid digest amino acid-base hormones D. Amini acid-base hormones have no role on activating genes in the nucleus. 3. Which one is NOT of action of hormones on their target cells? A. A hormone may stimulate the synthesis of an enzyme in the target cells B. Hormone may activate an enzyme by altering its shape C. A hormone may deactivate enzyme by altering its structure D. Some hormones are enzymes that promote a chemical reaction in cell
1. Norepinephrine and epinephrine act in a permissive manner to thyroid hormone. This means... A. Norepinephrine and epinephrine bind to TH receptors B. Norepinephrine and epinephrine antagonize the action of TH C. Norepinephrine and epinephrine upregulate the number of TH receptors, strengthening the effects of TH 2. Which mechanism of action is NOT common to both cortisol and growth hormone? A. Muscle building B. Mobilizing fatty acids
Which of the following statements is truc a. Neurotransmitters must bind to a receptor to exert an action on a cell but hormones do not have to bind to a receptor to exert an action b. The nervous system effects are longer lasting than the endocrine system c. The nervous system effects are faster to respond than the endocrine system d. The nervous system releases neurotransmitters into the bloodstream similar to how the endocrine system releases hormones into the bloodstream
1. Some Hormones are derived from tyrosine, example --------------------. A. ADH B. steroids C. Insulin D. Melatonin E. All of the above 2. The hypothalamus controls the secretion of the adenohypophysis by ----------- A. Secretion of releasing and inhibiting factors into a tiny portal system. B. Indirect osmotic control. C. Direct neural stimulation. D. Gap synaptic junctions. E. Altering ion concentrations and pH in the anterior pituitary. 3. All of the followings are correct about Atrial natriuretic factor, except ------------------. A. It is secreted by stretch receptors in the atria B. It inhibits ADH secretion C. It increases urine volume D. It reduces blood pressure E. It decreases GFR 4. Hypothalamus releases ________________ hormone, which stimulate the Pituitary gland to release ____________ hormone. This will stimulate thyroid gland to release its__________. A. Thyrotrophic releasing hormone, Thyroid-stimulating hormone, Thyroid hormones B. Adrenocorticotropic, Corticotropin…
3. The response to an increase in the level of antidiuretic healthy human being would include J Increased urine output K Decreased production of insulin L Decreased blood pressure M Increased water reabsorption 4. Which one of the following nerve pathways represents the reflex response to the stimulus of stepping on a sharp object? J Receptor → motor nerve → spinal cord → sensory nerve → muscle in foot K Receptor → motor nerve →brain → sensory nerve → muscle in leg L Receptor → sensory nerve → brain → motor nerve → muscle in foot • M Receptor → sensory nerve → spinal cord → motor nerve → muscle in leg 5. Which one of the following responses is most likely to occur when the body temperature of a healthy human becomes too low? J An increase in the production of the hormone thyroxine, causing a decrease in the metabolic rate K A decrease in the production of the hormone thyroxine, causing a decrease in the metabolic rate L An increase in the blood flow to the skin surface, causing a…
1. Neural communication occurs through chemical messengers called neurotransmitters which send messages from one neuron to another. Which if the following statements about neurotransmitter signaling is correct?A. Neurotransmitters are local regulators that enable long-distance communication between neurons.B. Neurotransmitters are long-distance regulators that enable long or short-distance communication among neurons.C. Neurotransmitters are long-distance regulators that enable short-distance communication among neurons.D. Neurotransmitters are local regulators that enable short-distance communication between neurons. 2. Which of the following statements about histones is true?A. Histones do not undergo modifications once attached to DNA.B. The location of a gene relative to histone surface will affect gene expression.C. Histone modifications can only affect gene expression.D. Histone octamer is composed of dimers of H1, H2, H3, and H4. 3. Which of the following can explain why humans…