Biology 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172517
Author: Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 12, Problem 13RQ
The ABO blood groups in humans are expressed as the IAlB, and IAalleles. The allele encodes the
A blood group antigen, lBencodes B, and i encodes O. Both A and B are dominant to O. If a heterozygous blood type A parent (IAi) and a heterozygous blood type B parent (IBi) mate, one quarter of their offspring will have AB blood type
(IAIB) in which both antigens are expressed equally. Therefore, ABO blood groups are an example of:
- multiple alleles and incomplete dominance
- codominance and incomplete dominance
- incomplete dominance only
- multiple alleles and codominance
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The ABO blood groups in humans are expressed as the IA, IB, and i alleles. The IA allele encodes the A blood group antigen, IB encodes B, and i encodes O. Both A and B are dominant to O. If a heterozygous blood type A parent (IAi) and a heterozygous blood type B parent (IBi) mate, one quarter of their offspring will have AB blood type (IAIB) in which both antigens are expressed equally. Therefore, ABO blood groups are an example of: a. multiple alleles and incomplete dominance b. codominance and incomplete dominance c. incomplete dominance only d. multiple alleles and codominance
The ABO blood groups in humans are expressed as the I A , I B , and i alleles. The I A allele encodes the A blood group antigen, I B encodes B, and i encodes O. Both A and B are dominant to O. If a heterozygous blood type A parent (I A i) and a heterozygous blood type B parent (I B i) mate, one quarter of their offspring are expected to have the AB blood type (I A I B ) in which both antigens are expressed equally. Therefore, ABO blood groups are an example of: a. multiple alleles and incomplete dominance b. codominance and incomplete dominance c. incomplete dominance only d. multiple alleles and codominance
Several genes in humans in addition to the ABO gene(I) give rise to recognizable antigens on the surface ofred blood cells. The MN and Rh genes are two examples. The Rh locus can contain either a positive or anegative allele, with positive being dominant to negative. M and N are codominant alleles of the MN gene.The following chart shows several mothers and theirchildren. For each mother-child pair, choose the fatherof the child from among the males in the right column, assuming one child per male.Mother Child Malesa. O M Rh(pos) B MN Rh(neg) O M Rh(neg)b. B MN Rh(neg) O N Rh(neg) A M Rh(pos)c. O M Rh(pos) A M Rh(neg) O MN Rh(pos)d. AB N Rh(neg) B MN Rh(neg) B MN Rh(pos)
Chapter 12 Solutions
Biology 2e
Ch. 12 - Figure 12.5 In pea plants, round peas (R) are...Ch. 12 - Figure 12.6 What are the genotypes of the...Ch. 12 - Figure 12.12 What ratio of offspring would result...Ch. 12 - Figure 12.16 In pea plants, purple flowers (P) are...Ch. 12 - Mendel performed hybridizations by transferring...Ch. 12 - Which is one of the seven characteristics that...Ch. 12 - Imagine you are performing a cross involving seed...Ch. 12 - Consider a cross to investigate the pea pod...Ch. 12 - A scientist pollinates a true-breeding pea plant...Ch. 12 - The observable traits expressed by an organism are...
Ch. 12 - A recessive trait will be observed in individuals...Ch. 12 - If black and white true-breeding mice are mated...Ch. 12 - The ABO blood groups in humans are expressed as...Ch. 12 - In a mating between two individuals that are...Ch. 12 - If the allele encoding polydactyly (six fingers)...Ch. 12 - A farmer raises black and white chickens. To his...Ch. 12 - Assuming no gene linkage, in a dihybrid cross of...Ch. 12 - The forked line and probability methods make use...Ch. 12 - How many different offspring genotypes are...Ch. 12 - Labrador retriever's fur color is controlled by...Ch. 12 - Which of the following situations does not follow...Ch. 12 - Describe one of the reasons why the garden pea was...Ch. 12 - How would you perform a reciprocal cross for the...Ch. 12 - Mendel performs a cross using a true-breeding pea...Ch. 12 - Calculate the probability of selecting a heart or...Ch. 12 - The gene for flower position in pea plants exists...Ch. 12 - Use a Punnett square to predict the offspring in a...Ch. 12 - Can a human male be a carrier of red-green color...Ch. 12 - Why is it more efficient to perform a test cross...Ch. 12 - Use the probability method to calculate the...Ch. 12 - Explain epistatis in terms of its Greek-language...Ch. 12 - In Section 12.3, ''Laws of Inheritance," an...Ch. 12 - People with trisomy 21 develop Down’s syndrome....Ch. 12 - A heterozygous pea plant produces violet flowers...
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- Blood types in humans are caused by a combination of two of three possible alleles - IA, IB, and i. The i allele is recessive and individuals homozygous for this allele have blood types O. Blood type A may be due to either homozygous condition or the IA i Blood type AB is caused by having a copy of both the IA and IB alleles. Rh factor is another “marker” on human red blood cells and is either positive (dominant—RR or Rr) or negative (recessive—rr). Franks has blood type A-negative. Frank’s father is B-positive and his mother is AB-positive. Frank marries Susan, a woman that is B-positive. Susan’s mother is A-negative and her father is AB-positive. Give the genotype of all of the individuals mentioned above. b. Give the genotypes and phenotypes of the possible offspring from this marriagearrow_forwardConsider two blood polymorphisms that humans have in addition to the ABO system. Two alleles LM and LN determine the M, N, and MN blood groups. The dominant allele R of a different gene causes a person to have the Rh+ (rhesus positive) phenotype, whereas the homozygote for r is Rh− (rhesus negative). Two men took a paternity dispute to court, each claiming three children to be his own. The blood groups of the men, the children, and their mother were as follows:From this evidence, can the paternity of the children be established?arrow_forwardIn humans, the allele for normal opsins in the cones of the eyes, C, is dominant to the allele for colour- blindness, c. The trait is X-linked. A woman who is not colour-blind has a father who is colour-blind. If this woman has a child with a man who is colour-blind, what is the probability of them having a colour-blind son? Your response must include a Punnett square with correct nomenclature. Express your answer as a frequency between 0-1.arrow_forward
- Imagine you have a blood group of "X" which is recessive and expressed by xx. The dominant blood groups are Y and Z, where homozygous of these alleles are expressed as YY and ZZ, respectively. What will be the genotype of your parents blood group? Why? Please explain in your own words. [Max 200 words]arrow_forwardThe human blood alleles for both A and B blood, when expressed together are referred to asarrow_forwardABO blood type is determined by three alleles: *, 18, and i. On a separate chromosome, anotherset of alleles determines the Rhesus factor: D and d.A woman with blood type A, who is heterozygous for both blood type and Rhesus factor, had achild with a man with blood type B, who is heterozygous for both blood type and Rhesus factor. What is the percentage chance that this child is blood type B and heterozygous for both traits? Record your answer as a percentage rounded to one decimal place.arrow_forward
- Roan cows show codominance with both red and white hairs being expressed. What are the genotypic and phenotypic ratios for the offspring that would be produced from mating a roan cow and roan bull?arrow_forwardThe A & B antigens in humans may be found in water-soluble forms in secretions, including saliva of individuals with the genotypes E/E& E/e, but not individuals with the genotype e/e. Thus, the population contains ‘secretors’ & ‘nonsecretors’. A cross was performed between 2 heterozygous secretors, one with type O blood and the second with type AB blood. What phenotypic ratios are expected in their offspring? A) 1/4 type A : 1/4 type B : 1/2 non-secretor B) 3/8 type A : 3/8 type B : 2/8 non-secretor C) 1/2 type A : 1/2 type B D) 3/4 type AB : 1/4 non-secretorarrow_forwardIn humans, the ABO blood type is under the control of autosomal multiple alleles. Color blindness is a recessive X-linked trait. If two parents who are both type A and have normal vision produce a son who is color blind and is type O, what is the probability that their next child will be a female who has normal vision and is type O?arrow_forward
- Hemophilia A is caused by a recessive X-linked allele that encodes a defective form of a clotting protein. If a affected father and a mother who is known to not be a carrier have children, what percentage of female offspring will have hemophilia?arrow_forwardIn cats, Manx (M) is a dominant allele that results in cats lacking a tail. The recessive allele (m) gives a cat with a tail. (A) Write out the genotype of a heterozygous cat (B) What is the phenotype of the cat in (A)? (C) The cat in (A) has offspring with a cat that has a tail. What fraction of the offspring of that cat will have tails? In peas, round (R) is dominant to wrinkled. (r )You cross a round pea plant to a wrinkled pea plant and half the offspring are round and half the offspring are wrinkled. What are the genotypes of the parents?arrow_forwardIn human blood types, Rh positive is a trait that shows simple dominance over Rh negative. A woman who has blood type A positive has a daughter who is type O positive and a son who is type B negative. Which of the following phenotypes is possible for the father? O negative AB negative A negative B positivearrow_forward
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