General Physics, 2nd Edition
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780471522782
Author: Morton M. Sternheim
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 31, Problem 39E
To determine
Annual number of premature deaths because of testing worldwide.
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The cell-survival data in the table below fit a multitarget, single-hit survival curve.
A)Find the slope at high doses.
B) Find the extrapolation number.
C) Write the equation that describes the data.
Dose (Gy)
Surviving Fraction
0.10
0.993
0.25
0.933
0.50
0.729
1.00
0.329
2.00
0.0458
3.00
0.00578
4.00
0.00072
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Estimate how long a COVID-19 infected droplet will remain in the air when exhaled. Treat the droplet as a sphere of water with a 5 µm radius. Use the size and density of water to determine the mass of the sphere. Using a reasonable height, approximate the time the droplet will remain in the air.
Suppose you are working as a reactor operator in the world’s largest nuclear power station at Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant, Japan. The first unit in this station began to operate in 1985.
Suppose the rate at which the nuclear power plant produces radioactive waste is proportional to the number of years it has been operating such that 500 pounds of waste is produced every year. Also, suppose that the waste decays exponentially at a rate of 5% per year.
At the beginning of 2011, The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster caused sever damages in the units which released the radiation waste to the atmosphere. Therefore, all the units were closed in 2011 for safety inspection. This left japan completely without nuclear-produced electrical power. Finally, the unit began to operate at the beginning of 2019. As a reactor operator, you are asked to do the following:
a. Model the generation of the Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Plant radioactive waste as a function of time.
b.…
Chapter 31 Solutions
General Physics, 2nd Edition
Ch. 31 - Prob. 1RQCh. 31 - Prob. 2RQCh. 31 - Prob. 3RQCh. 31 - Prob. 4RQCh. 31 - Prob. 5RQCh. 31 - Prob. 6RQCh. 31 - Prob. 7RQCh. 31 - Prob. 8RQCh. 31 - Prob. 9RQCh. 31 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 31 - Prob. 1ECh. 31 - Prob. 2ECh. 31 - Prob. 3ECh. 31 - Prob. 4ECh. 31 - Prob. 5ECh. 31 - Prob. 6ECh. 31 - Prob. 7ECh. 31 - Prob. 8ECh. 31 - Prob. 9ECh. 31 - Prob. 10ECh. 31 - Prob. 11ECh. 31 - Prob. 12ECh. 31 - Prob. 13ECh. 31 - Prob. 14ECh. 31 - Prob. 15ECh. 31 - Prob. 16ECh. 31 - Prob. 17ECh. 31 - Prob. 18ECh. 31 - Prob. 19ECh. 31 - Prob. 20ECh. 31 - Prob. 21ECh. 31 - Prob. 22ECh. 31 - Prob. 23ECh. 31 - Prob. 24ECh. 31 - Prob. 25ECh. 31 - Prob. 26ECh. 31 - Prob. 27ECh. 31 - Prob. 28ECh. 31 - Prob. 29ECh. 31 - Prob. 30ECh. 31 - Prob. 31ECh. 31 - Prob. 32ECh. 31 - Prob. 33ECh. 31 - Prob. 34ECh. 31 - Prob. 35ECh. 31 - Prob. 36ECh. 31 - Prob. 37ECh. 31 - Prob. 38ECh. 31 - Prob. 39ECh. 31 - Prob. 40ECh. 31 - Prob. 41ECh. 31 - Prob. 42ECh. 31 - Prob. 43ECh. 31 - Prob. 44ECh. 31 - Prob. 45ECh. 31 - Prob. 46ECh. 31 - Prob. 47ECh. 31 - Prob. 48ECh. 31 - Prob. 49ECh. 31 - Prob. 50ECh. 31 - Prob. 51ECh. 31 - Prob. 52ECh. 31 - Prob. 53ECh. 31 - Prob. 54ECh. 31 - Prob. 55ECh. 31 - Prob. 57E
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- A GM counter has dead time of 250s,it records 20,000 counts per minute,what is the actual count ratearrow_forwardAfter the first covid-19 case found in Olde town, a group of volunteers started counting the number of case and kept the record of number of infected people in daily basis. After collecting data for 18 days they made a graph as shown in the figure. It was perfect exponential trendline fit. The fit equation is shown in the plot. The equation has 0.2 multiplying the days. What is the meaning of this number? Infected population vs days in olde town 40 35 30 Infected population = e0.2 days R2 = 1 25 20 15 10 10 15 days Everyday there are 20 new people being infected Everyday the number of infected individuals is increasing 20 percent of running total of each day Everyday there are 0.2 new people being infected Everyday there are 2 new people being infected Everyday the number of infected individuals is increasing 20 percent to the first day the infection was found Infected population 20arrow_forwardA GM counter records 16000 counts per minute,while the true counting rate is 17400 counts per minute, what is the dead time of the GM counter?arrow_forward
- A cancerous tumour is exposed to an a-emitter with an RBE of 16. What absorbed dose, in Gy, is needed to give the tumour an effective dose of 64 Sv? Report your final answer rounded to two significant digits. Your Answer: Answer unitsarrow_forwardThe (effective) dose to a patient can be measured in milli-Serverts (mSv) or expressed as the time taken to receive the equivalent dose from background radiation. A certain radiograph gives a 1.232 mSv dose which is equivalent to a background radiation dose of 32 weeks.a)How many days in 32 weeks? Give your answer as a whole number. b)Using the information for the radiograph in this question, calculate the UK daily background dose (in mSv/day). Give your answer to 5 decimal places and use it to this accuracy, if needed in subsequent calculations. c)Another radiograph has a 0.0054 mSv dose. Work out the equivalent background dose (in days) for this radiograph. Give your answer to 2 decimal places and use it to this accuracy in any subsequent calculations. d)How many hours is the number of days in part c) equivalent to? Give your answer to 2 decimal places.arrow_forwardA patient is exposed to 210 rad of gamma rays. What is the dose the patient receives in rem? Express your answer using two significant figures. Dose = Η ΜΕ ΑΣΦ Submit Request Answer 0 ? remarrow_forward
- A person's hand receives a radiation dose at a rate of 50mSvh-1 at a distance of 1cm from a source. What would the dose rate be if the person's hand is 18cm from source?arrow_forwardthe V•O2max of people tends to declineafter age 30 by about 9% per decade for sedentary individuals,but it declines less than 5% per decade for people who stay active.The average V•O2max in healthy 30-year-olds is about 3.1 L/min.Using the information given here, what would the average V•O2maxbe in 60-year-olds who have been sedentary throughout theirlives and in 60-year-olds who have stayed active (keep in mindthat the decline is exponential)?arrow_forward✓ ON "O 2.75 MeV 0.511 MeV 0.511 MeV B, E= 1.73 MeV Eave = 0.721 Mev O MeVarrow_forward
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