Concept explainers
a.
To determine: The different genotypes that can be seen in the grid of 16 squares.
Introduction: Mendel discovered most commonly two types of crosses based on the number of characters studied at a time. The cross can be monohybrid, dihybrid.
b.
To determine: The phenotype of the genotype obtained in the given cross.
Introduction: The given genotypic ratio of the cross 9:3:3:1 is obtained when a plant with two characters are crossed and are studied at a same time.
c.
To determine: The formula that can depict the number of genotype in the given cross.
Introduction: The different crosses, whether monohybrid, dihybrid or any other cross will result in the different number of genotypes which represent the different combinations of genes.
d.
To determine: The different genotypes that will represent the similar phenotype.
Introduction: The genotype represents the genetic composition which further depicts the phenotype of that individual.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 3 Solutions
Introduction to Genetic Analysis
- Consider the following Test Cross results & chromosome map: Test Cross Progeny 525 A B C 500 A+ B+C+ 456 A+ B C 308 A B+C+ 101 A B C+ 100 A+ B+C 2 A+ B C+ 1 A B+C Total Progeny = 1993 1-Based on the above data calculate the expectednumber of Double crossovers (DCOs)? Round answers to the closest whole number.arrow_forwardBelow are the results from a 3 gene testcross between an XxYyZz plant and an xxyyzz plant: Testcross outcome: XYZ 365 xyz 367 xYz 110 XyZ 105 XYZ 3 Xyz 4 XYZ 25 xyZ 21 1. Determine the order of these genes on the chromosome. Indicate them on the diagram below. 2. Calculate the map distances between the genes (give you answer as map units). Indicate these distances on the diagram above. 3. Determine the coefficient of coincidence. 4. Determine the interference among these genes.arrow_forwardConsider these two crosses and assume that independent segregation is exhibited by all gene pairs. Derive the gametic ratio of the second parent in each cross using the branching method. What proportion of the offspring in each cross will be heterozygous for all gene pairs? Derive the genotypic ratio for the offspring from each cross using the branching method. Show complete solutions. a. RrmmTT x RRMmTtb. FfGg x FfGgarrow_forward
- Spotted lanternfly females were crosses with males possessing short wings (sw) ebony body (e) and sephia (s) eyes, which are recessive traits. 1000 offspring were counted, and the results are shown in the table. below. No determination of sex was made. Using proper notation determine the linkage-genotype of the female parent. Determine the sequence of the three genes and map the distances between them. Calculate the COC and interference in the cross and describe what it means. Phenotype ++ e S SW + s + + + sw e + + + S SW e se + sw + #offspring 332 331 111 121 46 56 7 6arrow_forwardA trihybrid individual with the genotype QqRrTt is testcrossed with a ggrrtt individual. The resulting offspring are as follows: QrT QRt Qrt 11 grT 76 50 qRT 357 343 qrt 78 QRT 76 qRt Total = 1000 Determine the allele arrangement and gene order in the trihybrid parent. Give your answer using the AbC/aBc notation. Draw a chromosome map for these genes. Give your map distances to one decimal place. (Use underline or underscore (_) to draw the line for the map) a) b)arrow_forwardAnswer the following with a short solution if needed: a. The gametes of a worm's genotype SsYy should produce what genotypes? b. A genetic cross between two F1-hybrid rose plants having yellow petals will yield what percent green-petal plants in the F2 generation? Yellow petals are dominant to green. c. Brown fur is dominant over light-colored fur. What is the phenotype of the resulting offspring if you cross a heterozygous brown fur and a light-colored fur?arrow_forward
- Consider the cross RrmmTT x RRMmTt. Assume the three gene pairs are independently segregating. a. Derive the gametic ratio of the second parent using the branching method.b. Derive the genotypic ratio for the offspring from each cross using the branching method. Showcomplete solutions.c. What is the probability that an offspring from this cross will be heterozygous for all gene pairs?arrow_forwardLet us suppose that two long-winged flies were crossed and that 77 long-winged and 24 short-winged specimens were counted in the offspring. a. Will the short-winged character be dominant or recessive?B. What will the genotypes of the parents be?C. What is the observed genotype ratio?arrow_forwardREad and analyzed the following genetic problem. Show complete solution (Genotypes of P, Punnet Square and GR,PR). 1. In the garden peas, green pod color is dominant over yellow pods. Also, round seed shape is dominant over wrinkled seed. Cross fertilization was done between a pea that is homozygous dominant for pod color with heterozygous round shape and another pea that is heterozygous for both pod color and seed shape. Determine the genotypic and phenotypic ratio of teh offspring.arrow_forward
- In an autotetraploid Chinese primrose (Primula sinensis L.), the gene controlling stigma color is very near the centromere of the chromosome carrying it. The allele G for green stigma is dominant to g for red stigmas. A homozygous green autotetraploid strain is crossed with a homozygous red autotetraploid strain. Show all solutions and label solutions and final answers properly. a. What is the genotype of the F1? b. Derive the types of gametes the F1’s may be expected to form and the proportion of each. c. What are the expected genotypic ratio, and phenotypic ratio of green to red if: i. the F1’s are intercrossed? ii. the F1’s are crossed with red plants? d. If the G locus were 50 or more map units from the centromere, what types and proportions of gametes would the F1 be expected to produce? Derive the expected F2 genotypic and phenotypic ratios Answer letter D only. please, thank you!arrow_forwardIn an autotetraploid Chinese primrose (Primula sinensis L.), the gene controlling stigma color is very near the centromere of the chromosome carrying it. The allele G for green stigma is dominant to g for red stigmas. A homozygous green autotetraploid strain is crossed with a homozygous red autotetraploid strain. Show all solutions and label solutions and final answers properly. a. What is the genotype of the F1? b. Derive the types of gametes the F1’s may be expected to form and the proportion of each. c. What are the expected genotypic ratio, and phenotypic ratio of green to red if: i. the F1’s are intercrossed? ii. the F1’s are crossed with red plants? d. If the G locus were 50 or more map units from the centromere, what types and proportions of gametes would the F1 be expected to produce? Derive the expected F2 genotypic and phenotypic ratios Answer letter C only. please, thank you!arrow_forwardIn autotetraploid Chinese primrose (Primula sinensis L.), the gene controlling stigma color is very near the centromere of the chromosome carrying it. The allele G for green stigma is dominant to g for red stigmas. A homozygous green autotetraploid strain is crossed with a homozygous red autotetraploid strain. a. What is the genotype of the Fl1? b. Show the types of gametes the Fl's may be expected to form and derive the expected proportion of each. Show your solution. c. What phenotypic ratio of green to red is expected if: the Fl's are intercrossed? Show your solution. the Fl's are crossed with red plants? Show your solution. d. If the G locus were 50 or more map units from the centromere, what types and proportions of gametes would the Fl be expected to produce? Derive the expected F2 phenotypic ratio.arrow_forward
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education