Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The balanced reaction for
Concept introduction:
The full form of
Answer to Problem 22.50E
The balanced reaction for
Explanation of Solution
The oxidation reaction is given as
In the above reaction, the alcohol group is oxidized to
The balanced reactions for
(b)
Interpretation:
The balanced reaction for
Concept introduction:
The full form of
Answer to Problem 22.50E
The balanced reaction for
Explanation of Solution
The oxidation reaction is given as
In the above reaction, the
The balanced reaction for
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
- The first step of the metabolic process known as glycolysis is the conversion of glucose to glucose- 6-phosphate. This process has a positive value for rG' Glucose + Pi Glucose-6-phosphate + H2O rG' = +13.8 kJ/mol-rxn This reaction is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP ATP + H2O ADP + Pi rG' = -30.5 kJ/mol-rxn What is the sum of these two equations and the value of rG' for the coupled reaction? Is the coupled reaction product-favored at equilibrium?arrow_forwardThe number of ATP molecules consumed and produced during glycolysis under anaerobic conditions are summarized in the following diagram (the ATP hydrolysis and synthesis reactions are shown in green). Phosphate Carbon atom 2 ATP 2 ADP ●●●●●● Glucose I Energy-Investing Phase O 2 ATP O 6 ATP O 1 ATP 8 ATP NADH + NAD* +H* O 4 ATP ●●●● 2 ADP 2 ATP NADH + NAD +H Based on the diagram above, for each glucose molecule broken down, what is the net energy yield of glycolysis in terms of ATP under anaerobic conditions? Pyruvate 2 ADP 2 ATP ●●●●● Energy-Generating Phase Pyruvatearrow_forwardH l H LDA H₂Oarrow_forward
- 3. Which of the following statements is FALSE? A. Enzymes speed up the attainment of a reaction equilibrium. B. Enzymes make reactions 10³ to 1020 times faster. C. Enzymes are proteins. D. Enzymes lower the amount of energy needed for a reaction. E. Enzymes are chemically unchanged during the actual catalytic process. 4. The polar head of cerebroside in the membrane can form a. Hydrogen bonds b. lon-dipole interactions c. Both A and B d. Neither A nor B with water molecule.arrow_forwardConsider the following biochemical reactions: H₂N-CH-C-NH-CH-C- CH3 _________ reaction A B с HO-CH2 H HO -OH H OH H H OH OH + H₂O ATP ADP enzyme 0 0 0 NADH enzyme enzyme type of enzyme needed to catalyze this reaction HỎ 2 H₂N- CH₂ NAD La pl OH -O, H он н ¸ÑLÒ¯ CH₂ H OH In the table below, write the type of enzyme that catalyzes each reaction. Note: be sure to use only the 6 standard enzyme types. OH A B сarrow_forward.Calculate the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution that contains 0.1 M of acetic acid and 0.2 M of NaC 2H302 (Ka acetic acid 1.8 x 105). A. 1.1 x 10 M В. 9х 10€ м С. 3.6 х 105 м D. 9x 10 M If the complete oxidation of 1 mol of a certain fatty acid has a gross ATP generated equal to 136 mol, what is its net ATP production, if the fatty acid needs to be converted into a fatty acyl coenzyme A first? A. 140 mol B. 134 mol C. 132 mol D. 106 mol A molecular structure is shown below. How many pi electrons are present in the structure? Include all pi electrons occupying pi orbitals. A. Four B. Six С. Еlight D. Tenarrow_forward
- Remove H2 what will happen to HI?arrow_forward17. In the urea cycle, ions are converted to urea. Da. pynuvate Ob. sodium Oc, ammonium Od. glutamate 18. Amino acids that are degraded into are termed ketogenic. Oa. a-ketoglutarate b. oxaloacetate Oc. fumarate Od. acetyl CoA 19. When 100 mg of a substance are required daily by the body, the substance would be classified as a a. micronutrient Ob. macronutrient C. nonessential nutrient d. more than one choice is correct 20. What role do most of the water-soluble vitamins have in the body? ca. catalysis b. hormone precursors Oc. components of cell membranes d. coenzymesarrow_forwardFor the reaction shown in Figure 1, name molecules X and Y. What do A and B represent? Name the enzyme for the reaction. C H-C-OH H-C-OH CH,OPO, CH,OPO, X Y Figure 1arrow_forward
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