You know from your calculationsthat only a small proportion of the human genome is represented, even when the entire class results areconsidered. Therefore, the chance of finding a particular single-copy gene in your library is very small.Outline a strategy for constructing a genomic DNA library more representative of the entire humangenome. You will need to consider alternative vectors and the efficiency of transformation of thebacterial cells.
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You know from your calculationsthat only a small proportion of the human genome is represented, even when the entire class results areconsidered. Therefore, the chance of finding a particular single-copy gene in your library is very small.Outline a strategy for constructing a genomic DNA library more representative of the entire humangenome. You will need to consider alternative vectors and the efficiency of transformation of thebacterial cells.
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- Arabidopsis thaliana has among the smallest genomes in higher plants, with a haploid genome size of about 100 Mb. If this genome is digested with BbvCl, a restriction enzyme which cuts at the sequence CCTCAGC GGAGTCG 1. approximately how many DNA fragments would be produced? Assume the DNA has a random sequence with equal amounts of each base.Outline a strategy for constructing a genomic DNA library more representative of the entire humangenome. You will need to consider alternative vectors and the efficiency of transformation of thebacterial cellsWith the use of well-illustrated diagrams, reconstruct the entire cloning process by explaining different stages of the cloning process that involves the following: d. Screening/selection of hosts containing the intended recombinant plasmid. For this stage(d), discuss the importance of a second marker that can be used for screening of genomic DNA for colonies containing the pka-1 under the principle of insertional inactivation. This should be properly explained using all the attributes of the plasmid described above.
- The technique of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is described. This is another method for examining sequence complexity within a genome. In this method, a DNA sequence, such as a particular gene sequence, can be detected within an intact chromosome by using a DNA probe that is complementary to the sequence.For example, let’s consider the β-globin gene, which isfound on human chromosome 11. A probe complementary to theβ-globin gene binds to that gene and shows up as a brightly colored spot on human chromosome 11. In this way, researchers can detectwhere the β-globin gene is located within a set of chromosomes. Becausethe β-globin gene is unique and because human cells are diploid(i.e., have two copies of each chromosome), a FISH experimentshows two bright spots per cell; the probe binds to each copy ofchromosome 11. What would you expect to see if you used thefollowing types of probes?A. A probe complementary to the Alu sequenceB. A probe complementary to a tandem array near…I recently isolated the human enzyme called fucosidase and prepared anantibody to it. Now I want to isolate a cDNA clone coding for this enzyme from a human cDNAlibrary. A friend of mine in the lab next door has informed me that he had recently isolated acDNA coding for dog fucosidase that I can use if I desire. In addition, I just read an article whichreported the sequence of the first 20 amino acids of human fucosidase. Which of the probeslisted below do you think I could use to screen my library to identify the cDNA clone containinghuman fucosidase?Propose a method for isolating a DNA fragment that is adjacent in the genome to a previously isolated DNA fragment. Assume that you have access to a complete library of DNA fragments in a BAC vector but that the sequence of the genome under study has not yet been determined.
- Transposon mutagenesis was used to generate a library of mutants within the Salmonella genome. You are trying to identify a colony with the transposon inserted in the pathogenic related gene SPI-1 using PCR. Forward and reverse primers are generated that flank either side of the gene and yield a wild type product that is 900 bases in length. Which of the colonies sampled in the gel would you expect to contain the SPI-1 gene with transposon insertion? 3,000 2,000 1,000 700 500 300 100 Ladder Colony A Colony B Colony C Colony D Colony E none colonies A&C colonies B&E O colonies A, C, &D colonies B, D, &E -During your experiment you analysed only a few of the recombinant clones for the presence of the highly repeated Aluelements. If you wanted to screen for a single-copy gene, you would need to screen a much larger genomic library. Assuming, that you already know the amino acid sequence of unicorn (a species with a similar physiology to humans) insulin, how would you construct a probe which would enable you to use nucleic acid hybridisation to screen a unicorn genomic DNA library for the insulin gene? Hint: you have access to any molecular biology reagents and equipment you might need, such as vectors, enzymes, and DNA sequencers.Ligation is an essential step in the cloning process. It refers to the joining of the gene of interest to the vector using DNA ligase. (i) Determine FOUR (4) control groups which are important to determine the success of this step and also to troubleshoot if any problem should occur. In an experiment, 100 ng vector was added into ligation reaction with 50 ng of insert (500 bp). The desired vector: insert ratio of 1: 3 was used. Determine the size of the (ii) vector.
- Genomic DNA from a family where sickle-cell disease is known to be hereditary, is digested with the restriction enzyme MstII and run in a Southern Blot. The blot is hybridised with two different 0.6 kb probes, both probes (indicated in red in the diagram below) are specific for the β-globin gene (indicated as grey arrow on the diagram below). The normal wild-type βA allele contains an MstII restriction site indicated with the asterisk (*) in the diagram below; in the mutated sickle-cell βS allele this restriction site has been lost. What size bands would you expect to see on the Southern blots using probe 1 and probe 2 for an individual with sickle cell disease (have 2 βS alleles)? Probe 1 Probe 2 (a) 0.6kb 0.6kb and 1.2kb (b) 0.6kb and 1.8kb 0.6kb, 1.2kb and 1.8kb (c) 1.2kb 0.6kb (d) 1.8kb 1.8kb a. (a) b. (b) c. (c) d. (d)Describe the outcome of a chain-terminator sequencing procedure in which (a) too few primers are present or (b) an excess of primers is present.In generating mutations in a bacterial gene involved in antibiotic resistance, a number of point mutations are isolated that render the bacteria sensitive to the antibiotic. You would like to sequence the gene in order to characterize the mutations, but unfortunately, your lab partner just finished the last of the lab's supply of DNA polymerase. The only things at your disposal are materials for performing a western blot, allowing you to visualize the protein encoded by the gene. How would you identify which mutations are likely to be the result of a missense mutation, which are likely to be the result of a nonsense mutation, and which are likely to be the result of a frameshift mutation?