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How Can Fragments of DNA Be Separated From One Another? Agarose gel electrophoresis is a procedure used to separate DNA fragments based on their sizes. DNA is an acid and has many negative electrical charges due to the negatively charged phosphate-deoxyribose backbone. Scientists have used this fact to modify chromatography to separate pieces of DNA. A solution containing a mixture of DNA fragments of variable sizes is placed into a small well formed in an agarose gel (that has a texture similar to gelatin). An electric current causes the negatively-charged DNA molecules to move towards the positive electrode. Imagine the gel as a strainer with tiny pores that allow small particles to move through it very quickly. The larger the size of the particles, however, the slower they are strained through the gel. After a period of exposure to the electrical current, the DNA fragments will sort themselves out by size. Fragments that are the same size will tend to move together through the gel and form bands. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtxb6Tr8Y3s A C + Negative 4. The piece of DNA above is cut into four fragments as shown in the diagram. A solution containing the four fragments is placed in a well in an agarose gel. Using the information given above, Well Draw (to the right) how you think the fragments might be separated Label each fragment with its corresponding letter. Where would the larger fragments, those with the greater number of base pairs, be located, toward the top or the bottom of the gel? Why? 土 Agarose gel Positive Suppose you had 500 pieces of each of the four fragments, how would the gel appear? Suppose you had 500 pieces of random sizes at the same size or larger than fragment B, how would the gel appear? If it were possible to weigh each of the fragments, which one would be the heaviest? WVhy?

How Can Fragments of DNA Be Separated From One Another? Agarose gel electrophoresis is a procedure used to separate DNA fragments based on their sizes. DNA is an acid and has many negative electrical charges due to the negatively charged phosphate-deoxyribose backbone. Scientists have used this fact to modify chromatography to separate pieces of DNA. A solution containing a mixture of DNA fragments of variable sizes is placed into a small well formed in an agarose gel (that has a texture similar to gelatin). An electric current causes the negatively-charged DNA molecules to move towards the positive electrode. Imagine the gel as a strainer with tiny pores that allow small particles to move through it very quickly. The larger the size of the particles, however, the slower they are strained through the gel. After a period of exposure to the electrical current, the DNA fragments will sort themselves out by size. Fragments that are the same size will tend to move together through the gel and form bands. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtxb6Tr8Y3s A C + Negative 4. The piece of DNA above is cut into four fragments as shown in the diagram. A solution containing the four fragments is placed in a well in an agarose gel. Using the information given above, Well Draw (to the right) how you think the fragments might be separated Label each fragment with its corresponding letter. Where would the larger fragments, those with the greater number of base pairs, be located, toward the top or the bottom of the gel? Why? 土 Agarose gel Positive Suppose you had 500 pieces of each of the four fragments, how would the gel appear? Suppose you had 500 pieces of random sizes at the same size or larger than fragment B, how would the gel appear? If it were possible to weigh each of the fragments, which one would be the heaviest? WVhy?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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How Can Fragments of DNA Be Separated From One Another? Agarose gel electrophoresis is a procedure used to separate DNA fragments based on their sizes. DNA is an acid and has many negative electrical charges due to the negatively charged phosphate-deoxyribose backbone. Scientists have used this fact to modify chromatography to separate pieces of DNA. A solution containing a mixture of DNA fragments of variable sizes is placed into a small well formed in an agarose gel (that has a texture similar to gelatin). An electric current causes the negatively-charged DNA molecules to move towards the positive electrode. Imagine the gel as a strainer with tiny pores that allow small particles to move through it very quickly. The larger the size of the particles, however, the slower they are strained through the gel. After a period of exposure to the electrical current, the DNA fragments will sort themselves out by size. Fragments that are the same size will tend to move together through the gel and form bands. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtxb6Tr8Y3s B Negative 4. The piece of DNA above is cut into four fragments as shown in the diagram. A solution containing the four fragments is placed in a well in an agarose gel. Using the information given above, Well Draw (to the right) how you think the fragments might be separated Label each fragment with its corresponding letter. leg Where would the larger fragments, those with the greater number of base pairs, be located, toward the top or the bottom of the gel? Why? Agarose gel Positive Suppose you had 500 pieces of each of the four fragments, how would the gel appear? Suppose you had 500 pieces of random sizes at the same size or larger than fragment B, how would the gel appear? If it were possible to weigh each of the fragments, which one would be the heaviest? Why?
Transcribed Image Text:How Can Fragments of DNA Be Separated From One Another? Agarose gel electrophoresis is a procedure used to separate DNA fragments based on their sizes. DNA is an acid and has many negative electrical charges due to the negatively charged phosphate-deoxyribose backbone. Scientists have used this fact to modify chromatography to separate pieces of DNA. A solution containing a mixture of DNA fragments of variable sizes is placed into a small well formed in an agarose gel (that has a texture similar to gelatin). An electric current causes the negatively-charged DNA molecules to move towards the positive electrode. Imagine the gel as a strainer with tiny pores that allow small particles to move through it very quickly. The larger the size of the particles, however, the slower they are strained through the gel. After a period of exposure to the electrical current, the DNA fragments will sort themselves out by size. Fragments that are the same size will tend to move together through the gel and form bands. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vtxb6Tr8Y3s B Negative 4. The piece of DNA above is cut into four fragments as shown in the diagram. A solution containing the four fragments is placed in a well in an agarose gel. Using the information given above, Well Draw (to the right) how you think the fragments might be separated Label each fragment with its corresponding letter. leg Where would the larger fragments, those with the greater number of base pairs, be located, toward the top or the bottom of the gel? Why? Agarose gel Positive Suppose you had 500 pieces of each of the four fragments, how would the gel appear? Suppose you had 500 pieces of random sizes at the same size or larger than fragment B, how would the gel appear? If it were possible to weigh each of the fragments, which one would be the heaviest? Why?
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