Concept explainers
Calculate the molar concentration of
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
(a)
Interpretation:
The molar concentration of
Concept introduction:
The water undergoes self-ionization which can be represented by the reaction,
The ionization constant of water is represented as,
The concentration of water remains constant and the self-ionization constant of water becomes,
Answer to Problem 9.28E
The molar concentration of
Explanation of Solution
The ionic product of water
The value of
The given
Thus, the molar concentration of
The molar concentration of
(b)
Interpretation:
The molar concentration of
Concept introduction:
The water undergoes self-ionization which can be represented by the reaction,
The ionization constant of water is represented as,
The concentration of water remains constant and the self-ionization constant of water becomes,
Answer to Problem 9.28E
The molar concentration of
Explanation of Solution
The ionic product of water
The value of
The given
Thus, the molar concentration of
The molar concentration of
(c)
Interpretation:
The molar concentration of
Concept introduction:
The water undergoes self-ionization which can be represented by the reaction,
The ionization constant of water is represented as,
The concentration of water remains constant and the self-ionization constant of water becomes,
Answer to Problem 9.28E
The molar concentration of
Explanation of Solution
The ionic product of water
The value of
The given
Thus, the molar concentration of
The molar concentration of
(d)
Interpretation:
The molar concentration of
Concept introduction:
The water undergoes self-ionization which can be represented by the reaction,
The ionization constant of water is represented as,
The concentration of water remains constant and the self-ionization constant of water becomes,
Answer to Problem 9.28E
The molar concentration of
Explanation of Solution
The ionic product of water
The value of
The given
Thus, the molar concentration of
The molar concentration of
(e)
Interpretation:
The molar concentration of
Concept introduction:
The water undergoes self-ionization which can be represented by the reaction,
The ionization constant of water is represented as,
The concentration of water remains constant and the self-ionization constant of water becomes,
Answer to Problem 9.28E
The molar concentration of
Explanation of Solution
The ionic product of water
The value of
The given
Thus, the molar concentration of
The molar concentration of
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 9 Solutions
Bundle: Chemistry For Today: General, Organic, And Biochemistry, 9th + Owlv2 With Mindtap Reader, 1 Term (6 Months) Printed Access Card
- Draw a curve similar to that shown in Figure 14.23 for a series of solutions of NH3. Plot [OH-] on the vertical axis and the total concentration of NH3 (both ionized and nonionized NH3 molecules) on the horizontal axis. Let the total concentration of NH3 vary from 11010M to 1102M.arrow_forwardWrite chemical equations showing the individual proton-transfer steps that occur in aqueous solution for each of the following acids. a. H2C2O4 (oxalic acid) b. H2C4H4O6 (tartaric acid)arrow_forwardWhich of the following will increase the percent of HF that is converted to the fluoride ion in water?. (a) addition of NaOH. (b) addition of HCl. (c) addition of NaFarrow_forward
- What are the products of each of the following acid-base reactions? Indicate the acid and its conjugate base and the base and its conjugate acid. HC1O4+ H2O — NH/ + H2O -» HCOr + OH" —arrow_forwardMost naturally occurring acids are weak acids. Lactic acid is one example. CH3CH(OH)CO2H(s)+H2O(l)H3O+(aq)+CH3CH(OH)CO2(aq) If you place some lactic acid in water, it will ionize to a small extent, and an equilibrium will be established. Suggest some experiments to prow that this is a weak acid and that the establishment of equilibrium is a reversible process.arrow_forward. A bottle of acid solution is labeled “3 M HNO3.” What are the substances that are actually present in the solution? Are any FINO molecules present? Why or why not?arrow_forward
- Calculate the concentration of all solute species in each of the following solutions of acids or bases. Assume that the ionization of water can be neglected, and show that the change in the initial concentrations can be neglected, Ionization constants can be found in Appendix H and Appendix I. (a) 0.0092 M HCIO, a weak acid. (b) 0.0784 M C6H5NH2, a weak base. (c) 0.0810 M HCN, a weak acid. (d) 0.11 M (CH3)3N, a weak base. (e) 0.120 M Fe(H2O)62+ a weak acid, Ka=1.6107arrow_forward(a) What is the pH of a 0.105 M HCl solution? (b) What is the hydronium ion concentration in a solution with a pH of 2.56? Is the solution acidic or basic? (c) A solution has a pH of 9.67. What is the hydronium ion concentration in the solution? Is the solution acidic or basic? (d) A 10.0-mL sample of 2.56 M HCl is diluted with water to 250. mL What is the pH of the dilute solution?arrow_forwardWrite chemical equations showing the individual proton-transfer steps that occur in aqueous solution for each of the following acids. a. H2CO3 (carbonic acid) b. H2C3H2O4 (malonic acid)arrow_forward
- Two strategies are also followed when solving for the pH of a base in water. What is the strategy for calculating the pH of a strong base in water? List the strong bases mentioned in the text that should be committed to memory. Why is calculating the pH of Ca(OH)2 solutions a little more difficult than calculating the pH of NaOH solutions? Most bases are weak bases. The presence of what element most commonly results in basic properties for an organic compound? What is present on this element in compounds that allows it to accept a proton? Table 13-3 and Appendix 5 of the text list Kb values for some weak bases. What strategy is used to solve for the pH of a weak base in water? What assumptions are made when solving for the pH of weak base solutions? If the 5% rule fails, how do you calculate the pH of a weak base in water?arrow_forwardFor each of the following pairs of solutions, indicate whether the first listed solution has a higher or lower pH than the second listed solution. a. 1.0 M NaOH and 1.0 M HCl b. 1.0 M HNO3 and 0.10 M HNO3 c. 0.10 M HClO4 and 0.10 M HCN d. [H3O+] = 3.3 103 and [H3O+] = 9.3 103arrow_forwardFigure 14.3 shows the pH of some common solutions. How many times more acidic or basic is each of these compared with a neutral solution? (a) Black coffee (b) Household ammonia (c) Baking soda (d) Vinegararrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningGeneral, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: Matter and ChangeChemistryISBN:9780078746376Author:Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl WistromPublisher:Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub CoChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning