BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 43, Problem 4S
Summary Introduction
To determine: The evaluation of control of genes that controls the development and these regulate the expression of various parts of the genome.
Introduction: The genes are the functional unit of DNA. They possess some specific functions to perform. The different sets of the gene regulate the expression of different parts of the body.
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A graduate student performing studies on mutations in drosophila (fruit flies) discovered a
strain of flies with a silent mutation in the gene controlling the shape of the wings. Further
investigation has shown that this mutation is lethal in flies who are homozygote. Flies that are
homozygote wild type or heterozygote can develop and are able to survive.
What is a silent mutation (in your own words) and propose a hypothesis that could explain
these observations using concepts learned. (a hypothesis is a proposed explanation based on
an observation or observations)
What is a gene? Why are regulatory genes important to the evolutionary process? What is a mutation as defined in this course and readings. Are the end results of a mutation always "good" or always "bad"? Or is a mutation perhaps neither always good or always bad and could be "neutral or no effect" or "adaptive" in some situations? Does it depend on the gene, amino acid, protein, and case-by-case scenario? What genetic evidence suggests that humans are a part of a biological continuum with all life forms. Does the number of genes in a biological organism correlate, predict, or denote the complexity of the organism? Does the number of chromosomes in a biological organism correlate, predict, or denote the complexity of the organism?
Which of the following statements concerning genes are true? Select all that apply.
A gene is a segment of DNA that determines a certain trait.A gene is a segment of DNA that determines a certain trait.
An allele is a variation of a given gene.
Genes contain information that codes only for proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression.Genes contain information that codes only for proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression.
Genes are not responsible for the expression of traits.Genes are not responsible for the expression of traits.
Allele variations are due to small changes in the nucleotide sequence within the gene that sometimes change the structure of a protein and ultimately its function.Allele variations are due to small changes in the nucleotide sequence within the gene that sometimes change the structure of a protein and ultimately its function.
Chapter 43 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 43.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 43.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 43.1 - Describe how gated ion channels work.Ch. 43.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 43.2 - Describe the function of these receptors.Ch. 43.2 - Describe the relationship between thermoreceptors...Ch. 43.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 43.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 43.4 - Prob. 1LOCh. 43.4 - Prob. 2LO
Ch. 43.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 43.5 - Prob. 1LOCh. 43.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 43.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 43.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 43.6 - Prob. 3LOCh. 43.7 - Prob. 1LOCh. 43 - Prob. 1DACh. 43 - Prob. 1IQCh. 43 - Prob. 2IQCh. 43 - Prob. 3IQCh. 43 - Which of these is NOT a method by which sensory...Ch. 43 - Which of the following correctly lists the steps...Ch. 43 - All sensory receptors are able to initiate nerve...Ch. 43 - In the fairy tale, Sleeping Beauty fell asleep...Ch. 43 - The ear detects sound by the movement of a. the...Ch. 43 - Hair cells in the vestibular apparatus of...Ch. 43 - ________ is the photopigment contained within both...Ch. 43 - Which of the following is NOT a method used by...Ch. 43 - Prob. 9UCh. 43 - Prob. 10UCh. 43 - What do the sensory systems of annelids, mollusks,...Ch. 43 - Animals can more easily tell the direction of a...Ch. 43 - Some birds have broader color perception than...Ch. 43 - The ability of some insects, birds, and lizards to...Ch. 43 - Prob. 1SCh. 43 - The function of the vertebrate eye is unusual...Ch. 43 - How would the otolith organs of an astronaut...Ch. 43 - Prob. 4S
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- Identify whether the claim "The normal gene function is essential for the viability of the zebrafish" is accurate, false, or whether there is not enough information to make a decision based on the question.arrow_forwardPropose a hypothesis that could explain the following observation. A graduate student performing studies on mutations in drosophila (fruit flies) discovered a strain of flies with a silent mutation in the gene controlling the shape of the wings. Further investigation has shown that this mutation is lethal in flies who are homozygote. Flies that are homozygote wild type or heterozygote can develop and are able to survive.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about the differential expression of human genes is correct? A. Differential expression does not occur during embryogenesis (development of the embryo). B. The unused genes in differentiated cells no longer retain the potential to be expressed. C. Gene expression patterns of all cells are identical. D. Every cell nucleus contains the complete genome established in the fertilized egg.arrow_forward
- A. What traits are controlled by the branching gene and fruitcase gene? And how were they determined to be major players in the development of maize? B. Teosinte looks like a terrible plant to begin to domesticate for agricultural purposes. What hypothesis is put forth to explain farmers’ early interest in the plant? C. Often successful domestication of a plant or animal is due to the fact that this involved just a few gene changes. In what situation can changes in just a few genes dramatically change an organism's entire appearance? D. Who is Norman Borlaug?arrow_forwardIn a first attempt to describe the relationship between genes and phenotypes, Beadle and Tatum in the 1940s stated that each gene is a section of the genome that codes for a specific enzyme (one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis). Which more recent discoveries regarding gene expression are not covered by this hypothesis? Some genes are transcribed into functional RNA molecules that are not translated into protein. Genes code for proteins other than enzymes. Enzymes comprised of several different polypeptides, such as RNA polymerase, are encoded by more than one gene. a and b, but not c a, b, and carrow_forwardBackground: In class we did a project about m and m’s and there ability to evolve and natural selection. (Yes I know they can’t actually evolve it was just used as a example in class) however I can’t figure out this question. Occasionally a mutant may occur and produce a candy that is misshapen or Pointier or flatter than the rest. Often this proves to be a weakness, but a rare mutation may confer extra M&M durability. Other mutations in M&Ms could occur ( like ones that result in a new color). A mutant un you population represents a new _________. What goes in the blankarrow_forward
- Pax6 is a gene that is involved in mammalian eye development. Mutations in this gene result in a lack of iris in humans, and mice that are homozygous for the mutation lack eyes completely. Mutations in the eyeless gene in the fruitfly Drosophila result in reduced eyes. Expressing Pax6 from mammals in other tissues of Drosophila during its embryonic development can result in an ectopic eye (e.g. an eye expressed in a different tissue type). An example of an ectopic eye on the antenna of Drosophila is shown below. Part A: The eye of humans, mouse, and fly are an example of the following (check all that apply) A. Structural analog B. Structural homolog C. Developmental homolog D. Genetic homolog Part B: Darwin's hypothesis of natural selection has two components: Species are not static but change through time Species are related, and not independent. In what ways does the human, mouse, and fly eye support or contradict one or both of the two components of…arrow_forwardDiscuss the significance of mutations and explain the role of the environment in the evolutionary process. (Hint: Consider Lenski's study and what is demonstrated. Do not re-tell Lenski’s study)arrow_forwardDescribe how researchers use RNA interference toidentify pleiotropic genes that function in a particulardevelopmental pathwayarrow_forward
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