Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 41.4, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The part of an antibody molecule, which is known to interact with antigen and comparison of this part with active site of an enzyme by stating similarities and differences between the two.
Introduction:
The antibody or the immunoglobulin is a molecule, which is made up of proteins. The antibodies are “Y” shaped molecules that are produced by the plasma cells. An antibody is made up of two types of polypeptide chains: heavy as well as the light chains. Both of these polypeptide chains are mainly held together by the disulfide linkage.
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How are antibodies unique? Please discuss the structure of an antibody. What are the V and C regions? Discuss how the few hundred genes involved are capable of making endless amounts of antibodies. Besides medical treatment what is another way antibodies can be used?
How is the part of an antibody molecule that interacts with an antigen similar to the active site of an enzyme? How is it different?
Diagram the structure of an antibody. What parts bind toantigens? Why does each antibody bind only to one or afew specific antigens?
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Life: The Science of Biology
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- What kind(s) of intermolecular interactions could be involved in the binding between an antibody and an antigen such as the spike protein?arrow_forwardWhat is the smallest unit of an antibody that can retain the specificity and binding affinity of the whole protein?arrow_forwardDraw a schematic diagram of a typical IgG molecule and label each of the following parts: H chains, L chains, intrachain disulfide bonds, hinge, Fab, Fc, and all the domains. Indicate which domains are involved in antigen binding.arrow_forward
- Name the two types of antibody light chains.arrow_forwardThe following reactions are all antigen(Ag)-antibody(Ab) complexes. Match the description with the best reaction. Use each option only once.1. Antibodies react with soluble antigens and when they do, a complex forms that comes out of solution (e.g. is now insoluble).2. Reaction with insoluble antigens (a particle such as a cell with an antigen), rather than a soluble antigen.3. Antibodies coat antigens and enhances phagocytosis4. Antibodies with their antigen involve the complement proteins; can cause the invading organism to lyseAnswer choices to MATCH with the above sentences are:-Agglutination-Precipitin-Complement Fixation-Opsonizationarrow_forwardWhat is the chemical basis for the specificity of binding of an immunoglobin antibody to a particular antigen? View keyboard shortcutsarrow_forward
- What is the variable region of an antibody? The hypervariable or complementarity-determining region? The constant region?arrow_forwardWhich of the following are elements of the structure of antibodies? Select all that apply. The antigen-binding sites of each antibody can bind to multiple antigen types. Four polypeptide chains are joined in a Y-shaped configuration. Each antibody has three binding sites for antigens. The antigen-binding sites are unique to each antibody.arrow_forwardDraw the structure of an antibody molecule(a typical IgG)and show how this structure enables it to bind to a specific antigen. Include the following terms in your diagranm: heavy chain (H chain), light chain (L chain), variable region, constant region, Fab, Fc, hinge and disulfide bonds.arrow_forward
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