Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134042435
Author: Michael D. Johnson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 2TY
Cells in cardiac muscle are able to contract in a coordinated fashion because of communication made possible through:
a. gap junctions
b. spot desmosomes
c. adhesion junctions
d. tight junctions
e. synapses
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Jose measures membrane potential in two neighboring cells. He notices that when the membrane potential changes in one cell, the membrane potential of the neighboring cell changes in a similar manner. For example, if one cell hyperpolarizes, the neighboring cell also hyperpolarizes. He concludes the cells are electrically coupled. Which of the following is the most likely to cause the electrical coupling?
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Human Biology: Concepts and Current Issues (8th Edition)
Ch. 4 - Health clinics sometimes cite retrospective...Ch. 4 - How important to you is FDA approval and/or...Ch. 4 - Describe some advantages and disadvantages of...Ch. 4 -
2. Name the four main types of tissues in the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 3CRCh. 4 - Prob. 4CRCh. 4 - List the 11 organ systems of the body and give at...Ch. 4 -
6. Define interstitial fluid.
Ch. 4 - Name the two cavities of the anterior body cavity...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8CR
Ch. 4 - Discuss the purpose of homeostasis in the body.Ch. 4 - Prob. 10CRCh. 4 -
1. Collagen and elastin fibers are typically...Ch. 4 -
2. Cells in cardiac muscle are able to contract...Ch. 4 - Which of the following membranes is not composed...Ch. 4 -
4. Exocrine and endocrine glands are types...Ch. 4 - Prob. 5TYCh. 4 - What property do all muscle tissues have in...Ch. 4 -
7. Injury to bone heals more quickly than injury...Ch. 4 - Which of the following tissues may be found in the...Ch. 4 - Which of the following is responsible for skin...Ch. 4 - Prob. 10TYCh. 4 - Prob. 11TYCh. 4 - Prob. 12TYCh. 4 - A substantial amount of nonliving extracellular...Ch. 4 - Prob. 14TYCh. 4 - Reducing food intake may lead to weight loss by...Ch. 4 -
1. Your roommate says that the concept of...Ch. 4 - What do you think would be some of the problems...Ch. 4 - Sherlock Holmes, the greatest fictional detective...Ch. 4 -
4. Dieting is difficult. People who do manage to...Ch. 4 - Fibrous connective tissue consists of ground...Ch. 4 -
6. By definition, an organ is a structure...
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- When an action potential arrives in an axon terminal, synaptic vesicles containing acetylcholine are released by: a. facilitated diffusion. b. osmosis. c. exocytosis. d. endocytosis.arrow_forwardAndrew was taken to the doctor’s office after he was bitten by a stray dog. The concern was that the dog might be infected with the rabies virus. The rabies virus infects neurons by using which method that normally transports materials from the synaptic knob to the cell body? a. anterograde transport b. fast axonal transport c. slow axonal transport d. All of these are correct.arrow_forwardWhich one of the following statements about gap junctions or electrical synapses is incorrect? A. Abundant gap junctions between cardiac muscle cells allow coordinated waves of contraction to spread through the heart muscle. B. Synaptic delays at electrical synapses are shorter than synaptic delays at chemical synapses. C. Gap junctions at electrical synapses are formed from proteins made in both the presynaptic and postsynaptic cells. D. Electrical synapses can be either excitatory or inhibitory. E. Electrical synapses are inherently bidirectional, i.e., current can spread between two coupled cells in either direction Please give me the correct answer quickly I will give you upvotearrow_forward
- The gap junction channel formed by connexin 43 in cardiac muscle has which of the following properties? OA. It links excitation and calcium release between the Sarcolemma and sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle. OB. Is opened and closed by a gate on the intracellular side of S4 OC is composed of Hexamers. OD. Is opened and closed by positive charges on S4 OE. All of the abovearrow_forwardAnalogs of hemidesmosomes are the focal contact sites, which are also sites where the cell attaches to the extracellular matrix. These junctions are prevalent in fibroblasts but largely absent in epithelial cells. on the other hand, hemidesmosomes are prevalent in epithelial cells but absent in fibroblasts. In focal contact sites, intracellular connections are made to actin filaments, whereas in hemidesmosomes connections are made to intermediate filaments. Why do you suppose these two different cell types attach differently to the extracellular matrix?arrow_forwardPlease fill in the blanks: A(n) ["action potential", "muscle twitch", "contraction"] consists of a wave of depolarization that moves along the plasma membrane of a neuron or a muscle fiber. This wave of depolarization is immediately followed by repolarization. Depolarization is when the cell's membrane potential becomes more ["resting", "negative", "positive"] . Depolarization occurs when calcium channels open in the plasma membrane. Repolarization is when the cell's membrane potential becomes more ["resting", "positive", "negative"] , returning the cell to its resting potential. Repolarization occurs when ["calcium", "sodium", "potassium"] channels close and ["sodium", "calcium", "potassium"] channels open.arrow_forward
- You are watching cells in a dish spontaneously contract. They are all contracting at different rates; some fast, some slow. After a while, several cells link up and they begin contracting in synchrony. Discuss what is going onand what type of cells you are looking at.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about membrane ion channels is incorrect? a. mechanically gated channels respond to physical deformation b. ligand-gated channels respond to neurotransmitters c. voltage-gated channels respond to changes in membrane potential d. leakage channels have gates and are always open e. none of the abovearrow_forwardThe negatively charged intracellular environment and resulting resting membranepotential of neurons and muscle cells fundamentally develops because of:A. the presence of a high extracellular potassium concentration.B. the presence of negatively charged intracellular proteins.C. the high electron concentration found in the extracellular fluidsD. the presence of voltage-gated-sodium channellsarrow_forward
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