Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 37, Problem 9TY
In the mammalian kidney, filtration is driven by the
- solute concentration in the proximal tubule.
- ion concentration in the blood.
- osmolarity of the blood.
- osmolarity of the filtrate in the distal tubule.
- hydrostatic pressure in the blood vessels of the glomerulus.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Filtration of substances out of the glomerulus occurs because:
Charged molecules cannot cross as easily as uncharged, nonpolar molecules.Wastes cross into the filtrate and nutrients remain in the blood.The difference in size between the afferent and efferent arterioles creates high pressure.There are only channels for certain types of molecules in the glomerular wall.Active transport helps needed nutrients cross
Which of the following is TRUE about how water is handled by
che nephron?
Vasopressin inserts pumps in the collecting duct membrane that
move water against its concentration gradient.
Water is actively reabsorbed from the proximal tubule, and Na+
follows down its diffusion gradient.
Water is actively secreted into the descending loop of Henle.
Water reaborption depends on activity of active transport
mechanisms related to Na+
The permeability of the ascending limb of the loop of Henle is
modified by vasopressin
Match the structure of the nephron to its primary function.
Renal corpuscle
Proximal tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal tubule
Collecting duct
responsible for size-selective filtration of the blood
responsible for active transport and reabsorption of ions and
nutrients as well as the reabsorption of water
may or may not reabsorb sodium ions depending on the
presence or absence of the hormone aldosterone.
establishes a strong osmotic gradient allowing the
reabsorption of water, sodium ions, and chloride ions.
regulates reabsorption of water in response to the presence of
ADH & secretes urea into the interstitial fluid to maintain the
osmotic gradient of the medulla.
Chapter 37 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 37.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 37.1 - Which statement is false? Water is an inorganic...Ch. 37.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 37.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 37.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 37.3 - Are the transport processes shown here, including...Ch. 37.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 37.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 37.3 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 37.3 - Prob. 3TYK
Ch. 37.4 - During the absorptive state, an animal is fasting....Ch. 37.4 - Gluconeogenesis occurs when the liver synthesizes...Ch. 37.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 37.5 - Prob. 1BCCh. 37.5 - Insulin primarily regulates blood glucose...Ch. 37.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 37.5 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 37.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 37.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 37.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 37.6 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 37.7 - Prob. 1BCCh. 37.7 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 37.7 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 37.8 - Note that modem medical technology is using a...Ch. 37.8 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 37.8 - Hemodialysis is the treatment of choice for people...Ch. 37 - Prob. 1TYCh. 37 - Prob. 2TYCh. 37 - Prob. 3TYCh. 37 - Prob. 4TYCh. 37 - Prob. 5TYCh. 37 - Prob. 6TYCh. 37 - Prob. 7TYCh. 37 - Prob. 8TYCh. 37 - In the mammalian kidney, filtration is driven by...Ch. 37 - Which of the following cause(s) an increase in Na+...Ch. 37 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 37 - List and define the major processes involved in...Ch. 37 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 37 - Discuss the major ways in which glucose...Ch. 37 - Briefly discuss the parts mid functions of the...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Reabsorption depends on _________. a. osmosis across the nephron wall b. active transport of sodium across the nephron wall c. a steep solute concentration gradient d. all of the abovearrow_forwardFigure 41.6 Which of the following statements about the nephron is false? The collecting duct empties into the distal convoluted tubule. The Bowman’s capsule surrounds the glomerulus. The loop of Henle is between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. The loop of Henle empties into the distal convoluted tubule.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forward
- Fatty tissue holds the kidneys in place. Extremely rapid weight loss may cause this tissue to shrink so that the kidneys slip from their normal position. On rare occasions, the slippage can put a kink in one or both ureters and block urine flow. Suggest what might then happen to the kidneys.arrow_forwardWhich of the following does not contribute to the high salt concentration in the interstitial fluid of the kidney medulla? (a) active transport of sodium from the upper part of the ascending limb (b) diffusion of salt from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle (c) reabsorption of salt from various regions of Bowmans capsule (d) counterflow of fluid through the two limbs of the loop of Henle (e) diffusion of urea out of the collecting ductarrow_forwardWhy would efferent arterioles are constricting more than they should cause some to urinate more than usual. efferent arteriole constriction decreases blood pressure in the glomerulus, which increases filtration rate efferent arteriole constriction increases blood pressure in the glomerulus, which increases filtration rate efferent arteriole constriction relaxes the muscle in the bladder that prevents urination efferent arteriole constriction increases blood pressure in the glomerulus, which decreases filtration ratearrow_forward
- Which of the following associations is correct? Parietal layer of glomerular Capsule – Part of the filtration membrane Visceral layer of glomerular Capsule – Contains podocytes Proximal convoluted tubule – Simple cuboidal epithelium with microvilli Glomerulus – Receives blood from the afferent arteriole Loop of Henle – Helps create the osmolarity gradient in the renal medullaarrow_forwardThe diagram below of part of a nephron shows some of the pressure gradients that are involved in the movement of fluids from blood to the glomerular filtrate within the Bowman's capsule. The numbers represent hydrostatic pressure in kPA. Afferent arteriole (9.32) Glomerulus Efferent arteriole (2.34) -Bowman's caps Colloid osmotic pressure of the plasma in the glomerular capillaries (4.26) Net fitration Distal convoluted Proximal convoluted tubule tubule (1.33)arrow_forwardWhich of the following would decrease glomerular filtration rate? (More than one answer may be correct) Increased blood pressure Increased solute concentration in the bowman capsule Increased solute concentration in the blood Increased ADH In the ascending loop of henle, more water will flow: From filtrate to interstitial fluid From interstitial fluid to filtrate From capillaries to filtrate From filtrate to capillaries There is no net flowarrow_forward
- Match each function to its site of action in the nephron. Glomerulus Proximal convoluted tubule Descending limb- of loop of Henle Answer Bank reabsorption of salt only, diluting filtrate Distal convoluted tubule Ascending limb of loop of Henle regulation of NaCl and K+ in bodily fluids by secreting K+ and reabsorbing NaCl filtration of blood p;plasma Collecting duct reabsorption of water only, increasing solute concentration of filtrate secretion of drugs and poisons into nephron lumen transport of filtrate to renal pelvisarrow_forwardThe ability to reduce both volume and water concentration of urine depends on the following: a. Countercurrent flow between the descending and ascending loop of Henleb. Countercurrent flow between the vasa recta and the loop of Henlec. High interstitial osmolarity in the medullad. Recycling of urea in the nephrone. All of the abovearrow_forwardWhich of the following associations is correct? * Parietal layer of glomerular Capsule - Part of the filtration membrane Proximal convoluted tubule - Simple cuboidal epithelium with microvilli Glomerulus - Receives blood from the afferent arteriole Visceral layer of glomerular Capsule - Contains podocytes Loop of Henle - Helps create the osmolarity gradient in the renal medullaarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781337392938Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. BergPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStax
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781337392938
Author:Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Biology
ISBN:9781305112100
Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Biology 2e
Biology
ISBN:9781947172517
Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann Clark
Publisher:OpenStax
Excretory System; Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5qaGHfdmYM;License: Standard youtube license