Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781133103721
Author: Stephen T. Thornton, Andrew Rex
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 58P
(a)
To determine
The peak wavelength of the emitted radiations from the copper wire.
(b)
To determine
The reason for the color of the light to be red hot.
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A particular star has a radius of 8.46 ✕ 108 m. The peak intensity of the radiation it emits is at a wavelength of 679 nm.
(a) What is the energy (in J) of a photon with this wavelength?
answer in J
(b) What is the star's surface temperature (in K)? (Round your answer to at least the nearest integer.)
answer in K
(c) At what rate (in W) is energy emitted from the star in the form of radiation? Assume the star is a blackbody, with emissivity
e = 1.
answer in W
(d) Using the results from parts (a) and (c), estimate the rate (in photons/s) at which photons are emitted by the star.
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Here you are invited to explore the process of human vision. (a) The flux of visible photons reaching Earth from the North Star is about 4 x 103 mm-2s-1. Of these photons, 30 per cent are absorbed or scattered by the atmosphere and 25 per cent, of the surviving photons are scattered by the surface of the cornea of the eye. A further 9 per cent ar absorbed inside the cornea. The area of the pupil at night is about 40 mm2 and the response t ime of the eye is about 0.1 s. Of the photons passing through the pupil, about 43 per cent are absorbed in the ocular medium. How many photons from the North Star are focused on to the retina in 0.1 s? For a continuation of this story, see R. W. Rodieck, The first steps in seeing, Sinauer (1998). (b) In the free-electron molecular orbital theory of electronic structure, the π electrons in a conjugated molecule are treated as non-interacting particles in a box of length equal to the length of the conjugated system. On the basis of this model, at what…
Suppose a star with radius 8.50 x 108 m has a peak wavelength of 685 nm in the spectrum of its emitted radiation. (a) Find the energy of a photon with this wavelength. (b) What is the surface temperature of the star? (c) At what rate is energy emitted from the star in the form of radiation? Assume the star is a blackbody (e = 1). (d) Using the answer to part (a), estimate the rate at which photons leave the surface of the star.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Modern Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1QCh. 3 - Prob. 2QCh. 3 - Prob. 3QCh. 3 - Prob. 4QCh. 3 - Prob. 5QCh. 3 - Prob. 6QCh. 3 - Prob. 7QCh. 3 - Prob. 8QCh. 3 - Prob. 9QCh. 3 - In the experiment of Example 3.2, how could you...
Ch. 3 - Prob. 11QCh. 3 - Prob. 12QCh. 3 - Prob. 13QCh. 3 - Prob. 14QCh. 3 - Prob. 15QCh. 3 - Prob. 16QCh. 3 - Prob. 17QCh. 3 - Prob. 18QCh. 3 - Prob. 19QCh. 3 - Prob. 20QCh. 3 - Prob. 21QCh. 3 - Prob. 22QCh. 3 - Prob. 23QCh. 3 - Prob. 24QCh. 3 - Prob. 25QCh. 3 - Prob. 26QCh. 3 - Prob. 1PCh. 3 - Prob. 2PCh. 3 - Across what potential difference does an electron...Ch. 3 - Prob. 4PCh. 3 - Prob. 5PCh. 3 - Prob. 6PCh. 3 - Prob. 7PCh. 3 - Prob. 8PCh. 3 - Prob. 9PCh. 3 - Prob. 10PCh. 3 - Prob. 11PCh. 3 - Prob. 12PCh. 3 - Prob. 13PCh. 3 - Prob. 14PCh. 3 - Prob. 15PCh. 3 - Prob. 16PCh. 3 - Calculate max for blackbody radiation for (a)...Ch. 3 - Prob. 18PCh. 3 - Prob. 19PCh. 3 - Prob. 20PCh. 3 - White dwarf stars have been observed with a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 22PCh. 3 - Prob. 23PCh. 3 - Prob. 24PCh. 3 - Prob. 25PCh. 3 - Prob. 26PCh. 3 - Prob. 27PCh. 3 - Prob. 32PCh. 3 - Prob. 33PCh. 3 - Prob. 34PCh. 3 - Prob. 35PCh. 3 - Prob. 36PCh. 3 - Prob. 37PCh. 3 - Prob. 38PCh. 3 - Prob. 39PCh. 3 - Prob. 40PCh. 3 - Prob. 41PCh. 3 - Prob. 42PCh. 3 - Prob. 43PCh. 3 - Prob. 44PCh. 3 - Prob. 45PCh. 3 - Prob. 46PCh. 3 - Prob. 47PCh. 3 - Prob. 48PCh. 3 - Prob. 49PCh. 3 - Prob. 50PCh. 3 - Prob. 52PCh. 3 - Prob. 53PCh. 3 - Prob. 54PCh. 3 - Prob. 55PCh. 3 - Prob. 56PCh. 3 - Prob. 57PCh. 3 - Prob. 58PCh. 3 - Prob. 59PCh. 3 - Prob. 60PCh. 3 - Prob. 61PCh. 3 - Prob. 62PCh. 3 - Prob. 63PCh. 3 - Prob. 64PCh. 3 - Prob. 65PCh. 3 - Prob. 66PCh. 3 - Prob. 67PCh. 3 - Prob. 68PCh. 3 - The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, launched in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 70P
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- you are sitting at a desk in a completely dark room. the room is at normal indoor room temperature. there is an inanimate and un-powered object on your desk (e.g., a box, pencil case, notebook,...). what wavelength of blackbody radiation is emitted from that object with greatest intensity? (assume the object has the same temperature as the rest of the room.) express your answer in microns.arrow_forward(A) Find the peak wavelength of the blackbody radiation emitted by the human body when the skin temperature is 35°C.arrow_forwardWhat is the surface temperature of Betelgeuse, a red giant star in the constellation of Orion, which radiates with a peak wavelength of about 970 nm? (b) Rigel, a bluish - white star in Orion, radiates with a peak wavelength of 145 nm. Find the temperature of Rigel’s surface.arrow_forward
- Suppose a star with radius 8.69 x 10° m has a peak wavelength of 684 nm in the spectrum of its emitted radiation. (a) Find the energy of a photon with this wavelength. 0.029e-17 J/photon (b) What is the surface temperature of the star? 4274.3 X K (c) At what rate is energy emitted from the star in the form of radiation? Assume the star is a blackbody (e = 1). 1.9934e17 Your response differs significantly from the correct answer. Rework your solution from the beginning and check each step carefully. W (d) Using the answer to part (a), estimate the rate at which photons leave the surface of the star. X photons/sarrow_forwardA blackbody is radiating at a temperature of 2.10 x 103 K. (a) What is the total energy density of the radiation? 9.18e16 eV/m3 (b) What fraction of the energy is emitted in the interval between 1.50 and 1.55 eV? (Give your answer in decimal or scientific notation.) 1.662e-17 (c) What fraction is emitted between 10.25 and 10.30 eV? (Give your answer in decimal or scientific notation.) 5.448e-19arrow_forwardSome satellites use nuclear power. (a) If such a satellite emits a 1.00-W flux of y rays having an average energy of 0.500 MeV, how many are emitted per second? (b) These y rays affect other satellites. How far away must another satellite be to only receive one y ray per second per square meter?arrow_forward
- (a) The air immediately surrounding a certain lightning bolt in a thunderstorm is briefly heated to a temperature of 8.90 ✕ 103 K. Assuming the affected air behaves like a blackbody, what is the wavelength (in nm) of the photons emitted with the greatest intensity? ?max = answer in nm In which band of the electromagnetic spectrum does the air most strongly radiate? gamma ray / x-rayultraviolet visibleinfraredmicrowaveradio wave (b) The air immediately surrounding the detonation of a certain nuclear weapon is heated to a temperature of 9.90 ✕ 106 K.Assuming the heated air behaves like a blackbody, what is the wavelength (in pm) of the photons emitted with the greatest intensity? ?max = answer in pm In which band of the electromagnetic spectrum does the air most strongly radiate? gamma ray / x-rayultraviolet visibleinfraredmicrowaveradio wavearrow_forwardConsider a black body of surface area 20.0 cm2 and temperature 5 000 K. (a) How much power does it radiate? (b) At what wavelength does it radiate most intensely? Find the spectral power per wavelength interval at (c) this wavelength and at wavelengths of (d) 1.00 nm (an x- or gamma ray), (e) 5.00 nm (ultraviolet light or an x-ray), (f) 400 nm (at the boundary between UV and visible light), (g) 700 nm (at the boundary between visible and infrared light), (h) 1.00 mm (infrared light or a microwave), and (i) 10.0 cm (a microwave or radio wave). ( j) Approximately how much power does the object radiate as visible light?arrow_forwardThe temperature of an electric heating element is 150°C. At what wavelength does the radiation emitted from the heating element reach its peak? Model the tungsten filament of a lightbulb as a black body at temperature 2 900 K. (a) Determine the wave- length of light it emits most strongly. (b) Explain why the answer to part (a) suggests that more energy from the lightbulb goes into infrared radiation than into vis- ible light.arrow_forward
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