Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The structural features that give docetaxel a better water solubility profile are to be predicted.
Concept introduction: The solubility of solute in solution depends upon the polarity of solute and solvent. The solute and solvent of same polarity are soluble with each other and insoluble if the polarity is different.
(b)
Interpretation: Three more resonance structures of carbamate are to be drawn and the resonance structures are to be ranked in order of increasing stability.
Concept introduction: The delocalization of lone pair or free electrons from one atom to another atom is known as resonance. The stability of compound depends upon the number of resonating structures. More the resonating structures of a compound, more will its stability.
(c)
Interpretation: A stepwise mechanism for the hydrolysis of a carbamate with a tert-butoxy group is to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The replacement or substitution of one
(d)
Interpretation: The products formed by the hydrolysis of docetaxel with aqueous acid are to be drawn.
Concept introduction: The hydrolysis of ester bond under acidic conditions leads to the formation of two compounds, one that has alcoholic group
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
- Explain why the reduction of camphor provides two reaction products, but isoborneol is favored over borneol?arrow_forwardSuppose you have a mixture of these three compounds. Devise a chemical procedure based on their relative acidity or basicity to separate and isolate each in pure form.arrow_forwardComplete these reactions. (a) (b)arrow_forward
- Explain the solubility behavior of each compound in water with relevance to their STRUCTURE. b. Amines in water-Aniline (two layers; clear colorless layer at the bottom and yellowish layer at the top)-N,N-dimethylaniline (two layers; clear colorless layer at the bottom and yellowish layer at the top)-Diethylamine (clear colorless solution)arrow_forwardPhenylethanol can be oxidised to phenylethanal or phenylethanoic acid, depending on the reagents used (both the alcohol and the aldehyde are of interest for their antimicrobial properties, while the acid is used to treat type II hyperammonemia): A (a) (b) (c) CoH,CH,CHO phenylethanal B C6H5CH₂CH₂OHC₂H₂CH₂CO₂H phenylethanol Suggest reagents (shown as A and B in the scheme above) that could be used to carry out the oxidation of the alcohol to the aldehyde and the acid, respectively. C6H5CH₂- Suggest two other syntheses of phenylethanoic acid, in each case indicating the starting materials and other reagents required, but not giving details of mechanism. One of your proposed syntheses must start with a compound which only contains seven carbon atoms (the acid product contains eight carbon atoms). phenylethanoic acid Phenylethanal can be converted to a hydrate in the presence of aqueous acid, though the position of equilibrium is very far to the left: H H+/H₂O OH C6H5CH₂-C-H OH Explain why…arrow_forwardWhich could explain the stronger acidity of phenols compared to alcohols. Why? a.pi-electron delocalization b.steric effect c.hydrogen bonding d.hyperconjugationarrow_forward
- 1. Illustrate with equation: Laboratory preparation of acetic acid Laboratory preparation of benzoic acid Laboratory preparation of salicylic acid Reduction of monocarboxylic acid Oxidation of monocarboxylic acid 2. Give three uses each: Acetic acid Benzoic acid Salicylic acidarrow_forwardGive a systematic or common name for each compound. а.arrow_forwardWhen trichloroacetaldehyde is dissolved in water, almost all of it is converted to the hydrate. Chloral hydrate, the product of the reaction, is a sedative that can be lethal. A cocktail laced with it is known—in detective novels, at least—as a “Mickey Finn.” Explain why an aqueous solution of trichloroacetaldehyde is almost all hydrate.arrow_forward
- Why does benzoic acid have a higher melting point than naphthalene? Relate it to their structure and exhibited IMFA.arrow_forwardIn which of the following solvents will naphthalene dissolve best? A.) A B.) B C.) C D.) Darrow_forward1. Arrange the test samples in order of increasing acidity? Explain briefly. -Ethanoic acid, Butanoic acid, Benzoic acid, Salicylic acid 2. Arrange the test samples in order of increasing reactivity with sodium bicarbonate? Explain briefly -Ethanoic acid, Butanoic acid, Benzoic acid 3. Arrange the test samples in order of increasing solubility in water? Explain briefly. -Ethylamine, Diethylamine, Aniline 4. Arrange the test samples in order of increasing basicity? Explain briefly. -NaOH, Ethylamine, Anilinearrow_forward
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning