Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781133939146
Author: Katz, Debora M.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Question
Chapter 21, Problem 72PQ
To determine
The consistency of ideas such as baseball flying through air wouldn’t be at higher temperature than a baseball sitting on the ground, even though the kinetic energy of the moving ball is larger than that of the stationary ball.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Two boxes, A and B, contain the same ideal gas. Gas A has a higher temperature, while gas B has a higher total thermal energy. Which box contains more atoms of the gas? A has more atoms They have the same number of atoms B has more atoms Impossible, if gas A has a higher temperature, it must have a higher total thermal energy.
The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on
A) its pressure.
B) its temperature.
C) its temperature, pressure, and volume.
D) its temperature and pressure.
E) its volume.
In the simple kinetic theory of a gas we discussed in class, the molecules are assumed to be point-like objects (without any volume) so that they rarely collide with one another. In reality, each molecule has a small volume and so there are collisions. Let's assume that a molecule is a hard sphere of radius r. Then the molecules will occasionally collide with each other. The average distance traveled between two successive collisions (called mean free path) is λ = V/(4π √2 r2N) where V is the volume of the gas containing N molecules. Calculate the mean free path of a H2 molecule in a hydrogen gas tank at STP. Assume the molecular radius to be 10-10
a) 2.1*10-7 m
b) 4.2*10-7 m
c) none of these.
Chapter 21 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations and Connections
Ch. 21.2 - Incorrect. Heat is not contained in Texas. The...Ch. 21.3 - In each situation listed, an objects temperature...Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 21.3CECh. 21.4 - Prob. 21.4CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.5CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.6CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.7CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.8CECh. 21.7 - Prob. 21.9CECh. 21 - Prob. 1PQ
Ch. 21 - Prob. 2PQCh. 21 - You extend an impromptu invitation to a friend for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 4PQCh. 21 - Prob. 5PQCh. 21 - Prob. 6PQCh. 21 - Prob. 7PQCh. 21 - Prob. 8PQCh. 21 - Prob. 9PQCh. 21 - Prob. 10PQCh. 21 - Prob. 11PQCh. 21 - Prob. 12PQCh. 21 - Prob. 13PQCh. 21 - Prob. 14PQCh. 21 - Prob. 15PQCh. 21 - Prob. 16PQCh. 21 - Prob. 17PQCh. 21 - Prob. 18PQCh. 21 - Prob. 19PQCh. 21 - From Table 21.1, the specific heat of milk is 3.93...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21PQCh. 21 - Prob. 22PQCh. 21 - An ideal gas is confined to a cylindrical...Ch. 21 - Prob. 24PQCh. 21 - You place frozen soup (T = 17C) in a microwave...Ch. 21 - A 25-g ice cube at 0.0C is heated. After it first...Ch. 21 - Prob. 27PQCh. 21 - Prob. 28PQCh. 21 - Prob. 29PQCh. 21 - Prob. 30PQCh. 21 - Consider the latent heat of fusion and the latent...Ch. 21 - Prob. 32PQCh. 21 - Prob. 33PQCh. 21 - A thermodynamic cycle is shown in Figure P21.34...Ch. 21 - Prob. 35PQCh. 21 - Figure P21.36 shows a cyclic thermodynamic process...Ch. 21 - Figure P21.37 shows a PV diagram for a gas that is...Ch. 21 - Prob. 38PQCh. 21 - Prob. 39PQCh. 21 - Prob. 40PQCh. 21 - Prob. 41PQCh. 21 - Prob. 42PQCh. 21 - Prob. 43PQCh. 21 - Prob. 44PQCh. 21 - Figure P21.45 shows a cyclic process ABCDA for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 46PQCh. 21 - Prob. 47PQCh. 21 - Prob. 48PQCh. 21 - Prob. 49PQCh. 21 - Prob. 50PQCh. 21 - Prob. 51PQCh. 21 - Prob. 52PQCh. 21 - Prob. 53PQCh. 21 - Prob. 54PQCh. 21 - Prob. 55PQCh. 21 - You extend an impromptu invitation to a friend for...Ch. 21 - Prob. 57PQCh. 21 - Prob. 58PQCh. 21 - A lake is covered with ice that is 2.0 cm thick....Ch. 21 - A concerned mother is dressing her child for play...Ch. 21 - Prob. 61PQCh. 21 - Prob. 62PQCh. 21 - Prob. 63PQCh. 21 - Prob. 64PQCh. 21 - Prob. 65PQCh. 21 - Prob. 66PQCh. 21 - Prob. 67PQCh. 21 - Prob. 68PQCh. 21 - Three 100.0-g ice cubes initially at 0C are added...Ch. 21 - Prob. 70PQCh. 21 - Prob. 71PQCh. 21 - Prob. 72PQCh. 21 - Prob. 73PQCh. 21 - Prob. 74PQCh. 21 - Prob. 75PQCh. 21 - Prob. 76PQCh. 21 - Prob. 77PQCh. 21 - Prob. 78PQCh. 21 - How much faster does a cup of tea cool by 1C when...Ch. 21 - The PV diagram in Figure P21.80 shows a set of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 81PQCh. 21 - Prob. 82PQCh. 21 - Prob. 83PQCh. 21 - Prob. 84PQCh. 21 - Prob. 85PQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- An ideal gas is contained in a vessel at 300 K. The temperature of the gas is then increased to 900 K. (i) By what factor does the average kinetic energy of the molecules change, (a) a factor of 9, (b) a factor of 3, (c) a factor of 3, (d) a factor of 1, or (e) a factor of 13? Using the same choices as in part (i), by what factor does each of the following change: (ii) the rms molecular speed of the molecules, (iii) the average momentum change that one molecule undergoes in a collision with one particular wall, (iv) the rate of collisions of molecules with walls, and (v) the pressure of the gas?arrow_forward(a) If tossing 100 coins, how many ways (microstates) are there to get me three most likely macro states of 49 heads and 51 tails, 50 heads and 50 tails, and 51 heads and 49 tails? (b) What percent of the total possibilities is this? (Consult Table 15.4.)arrow_forwardA gas bottle contains 4.64×10²³ Hydrogen molecules at a temperature of 384.0 K. What is the thermal energy of the gas? (You might need to know Boltzmann's constant: kg = 1.38×10-23 J/K.) Submit Answer Tries 0/12 How much energy is stored in ONE degree of freedom for the whole system? Tries 0/12 What is the average energy of a single molecule? Submit Answer Tries 0/12 On average how much energy is stored by ONE degree of freedom for ONE single molecule? Submit Answer Tries 0/12 Submit Answerarrow_forward
- Consider two ideal diatomic gases A and B at some temperature T. Molecules of the gas A are rigid, and have a mass m. Molecules of the gas B have an additional vibration mode and have a mass m/4 . The ratio of molar specific heat at constant volume of gas A and B is; a) 7/9 b) 5/9 c) 3/5 d) 5/7arrow_forwardIn solid, atoms are spaced closer than in liquid, as shown in Figure 2. Density of a substance is defined as its mass per unit volume. Therefore, density of a solid is typically greater than the density of liquid. However, this is not true for ice (solid water) and liquid water as the density of solid is less that the liquid (Ice floats in water). Explain why this discrepancy occurs in terms of the mass and volume. Solid Liquid Gasarrow_forwardA thermos bottle with a piston instead of a lid contains a fixed amount of gas. Because it is a thermos bottle, no heat can enter or leave the bottle. The piston is then pushed in, compressing the gas. Does the pressure of the gas increase, decrease, or stay the same? Does the temperature of the gas increase, decrease, or stay the same? Describe the behavior of the molecules of gas during the compression and support your answers to (a) and (b) with an explanation in terms of their behavior. Are there any other properties of the gas that change?arrow_forward
- Why does pressure have a direct relationship with absolute temperature? Kindly explain this law in terms of microscopic behavior of particles. Volume versus the reciprocal of pressure How well does the graph of volume versus the reciprocal of the pressure support the idea that volume of a gas at constant temperature is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas? Why does pressure have an inverse relationship with volume? Kindly explain this law in terms of microscopic behavior of particles.arrow_forwardComplete the following statement: The absolute temperature of an ideal gas is directly proportional to O the average momentum of a molecule of the gas. O the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the gas by 1 Cº. O the number of molecules in the sample. O the relative increase in volume of the gas for a temperature increase of 1 Cº. O the average kinetic energy of the gas.arrow_forwardIf you launch a projectile upward with a high enough speed, its kinetic energy is sufficient to allow it to escape the earth’s gravity— it will go up and not come back down. Given enough time, hydrogen and helium gas atoms in the earth’s atmosphere will escape, so these elements are not present in our atmosphere. Explain why hydrogen and helium atoms have the necessary speed to escape but why other elements, such as oxygen and nitrogen, do not.arrow_forward
- Is it possible to change both the pressure and the volume of anideal gas without changing the average kinetic energy of its molecules? If your answer is no, explain why not. If your answer is yes,give a specific examplearrow_forwardAn ideal gas is in a sealed rigid container. The averagekinetic energy of the gas molecules depends most on(a) the size of the container.(b) the number of molecules in the container.(c) the temperature of the gas.(d) the mass of the molecules.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based TextPhysicsISBN:9781133104261Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
College PhysicsPhysicsISBN:9781938168000Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger HinrichsPublisher:OpenStax College
Physics for Scientists and EngineersPhysicsISBN:9781337553278Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...PhysicsISBN:9781337553292Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Physics: A Calculus-Based Text
Physics
ISBN:9781133104261
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
College Physics
Physics
ISBN:9781938168000
Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs
Publisher:OpenStax College
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Physics
ISBN:9781337553278
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern ...
Physics
ISBN:9781337553292
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Kinetic Molecular Theory and its Postulates; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o3f_VJ87Df0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY