Astronomy
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168284
Author: Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 2, Problem 21E
What phases would Venus show if the geocentric model were correct?
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Students have asked these similar questions
Why did the phases of Venus help to contribute to the verification of the heliocentric model of the solar system?
Directions: Complete the given table by finding the ratio of the planet’s time of the revolution to its radius.
Planet
Average
Radius of
Orbit
Times of
Revolution
R3
T2
T2 /R3
Mercury
5.7869 × 1010
7.605 ×106
Venus
1.081 × 1011
1.941 ×107
Earth
1.496 × 1011
3.156 ×107
What pattern do you observe in the last column of data? Which law of Kepler's does this seem to support?
The Earth covers about 1° per day in its orbit about the Sun, and the solar
day is slightly longer than the sidereal day. If Earth spun in a retrograde
direction like Venus but it still had the same sidereal period (23 hr 56
min), how long would the solar day be?
The solar day would be
72 hr and
min.
Chapter 2 Solutions
Astronomy
Ch. 2 - From where on Earth could you observe all of the...Ch. 2 - Give four ways to demonstrate that Earth is...Ch. 2 - Explain, according to both geocentric and...Ch. 2 - In what ways did the work of Copernicus and...Ch. 2 - What were four of Galileo’s discoveries that were...Ch. 2 - Explain the origin of the magnitude designation...Ch. 2 - Ursa Minor contains the pole star, Polaris, and...Ch. 2 - How many degrees does the Sun move per day...Ch. 2 - How many degrees does the Moon move per day...Ch. 2 - Explain how the zodiacal constellations are...
Ch. 2 - The Sun was once thought to be a planet. Explain...Ch. 2 - Is the ecliptic the same thing as the celestial...Ch. 2 - What is an asterism? Can you name an example?Ch. 2 - Why did Pythagoras believe that Earth should be...Ch. 2 - How did Aristotle deduce that the Sun is farther...Ch. 2 - What are two ways in which Aristotle deduced that...Ch. 2 - How did Hipparchus discover the wobble of Earth’s...Ch. 2 - Why did Ptolemy have to introduce multiple circles...Ch. 2 - Why did Copernicus want to develop a completely...Ch. 2 - What two factors made it difficult, at first, for...Ch. 2 - What phases would Venus show if the geocentric...Ch. 2 - Describe a practical way to determine in which...Ch. 2 - What is a constellation as astronomers define it...Ch. 2 - Draw a picture that explains why Venus goes...Ch. 2 - Show with a simple diagram how the lower parts of...Ch. 2 - Parallaxes of stars were not observed by ancient...Ch. 2 - Why do you think so many people still believe in...Ch. 2 - Consider three cosmological perspectives-the...Ch. 2 - The north celestial pole appears at an altitude...Ch. 2 - What were two arguments or lines of evidence in...Ch. 2 - Although the Copernican system was largely correct...Ch. 2 - During a retrograde loop of Mars, would you expect...Ch. 2 - The Great Pyramid of Giza was constructed nearly...Ch. 2 - Explain why more stars are circumpolar for...Ch. 2 - What is the altitude of the north celestial pole...Ch. 2 - If you were to drive to some city south of your...Ch. 2 - Hipparchus could have warned us that the dates...Ch. 2 - Explain three lines of evidence that argue against...Ch. 2 - What did Galileo discover about the planet Jupiter...Ch. 2 - What did Galileo discover about Venus that cast...Ch. 2 - Suppose Eratosthenes had found that, in...Ch. 2 - Suppose Eratosthenes’ results for Earth’s...Ch. 2 - Suppose you are on a strange planet and observe,...
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- What is the difference between a sidereal month and a synodic month? Which is longer? Why?arrow_forwardIn a part of Earth’s orbit where Earth is moving faster than usual around the Sun, would the length of the sidereal day change? If so, how? Explain.arrow_forwardWhich is the phase of Venus when it is closest? Which when farthest? How do you know?arrow_forward
- In a part of Earth’s orbit where Earth is moving faster than usual around the Sun, would the length of the solar day change? If so, how? Explain.arrow_forwardThe day on Mars is 1.026 Earth-days long. The martian year lasts 686.98 Earth-days. The two moons of Mars take 0.32 Earth-day (for Phobos) and 1.26 Earth-days (for Deimos) to circle the planet. You are given the task of coming up with a martian calendar for a new Mars colony. Would a solar or lunar calendar be better for tracking the seasons?arrow_forwardPretend the Moons orbit around Earth is a perfect circle. How long does it take in units of days for the Moon to move 90 degrees relative to the stars? Is this number dependent on the synodic period or the sidereal period?arrow_forward
- Arrange the following in order of increasing length of time: one precession cycle; one rotation of Earth; one revolution of Earth around the Sun; one revolution of the Moon around Earth; any one of Earths four seasonsarrow_forwardIn Ptolemys model, how do the epicycles of Mercury and Venus differ from those of Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn?arrow_forwardOn the day of the vernal equinox, the day length for all places on Earth is actually slightly longer than 12 hours. Explain why.arrow_forward
- Explain why there are two high tides and two low tides each day. Strictly speaking, should the period during which there are two high tides be 24 hours? If not, what should the interval be?arrow_forwardWhat is the approximate time between new and full moons? (17.2) (a) 1 week (b) 2 weeks (c) 1 sidereal month (d) 1 synodic montharrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a contributing factor in causing eclipses? (17.2) (a) the rotation of the Earth about its axis (b) the inclination of the Moons orbit (c) the varying distance between the Earth and the Moon (d) the varying distance between the Earth and the Sunarrow_forward
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