The change in the product ratios with an increase in temperature is to be explained. Concept introduction: Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO 3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.67SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The change in the product ratios with an increase in temperature is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The consequence of heating product mixture from reaction at 0 οC to 100 οC is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The method of synthesis of 2,6-dibromotoluene from toluene is to be stated using sulfonation and desulfonation as intermediate steps in the synthesis.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

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Students have asked these similar questions

Unlike most other electrophilic aromatic substitutions, sulfonation is often reversible (see Section 17-4). When one sample oftoluene is sulfonated at 0 °C and another sample is sulfonated at 100 °C, the following ratios of substitution products result:Reaction TemperatureIsomer of the Product 0 °C 100 °Co-toluenesulfonic acid 43% 13%m-toluenesulfonic acid 4% 8%p-toluenesulfonic acid 53% 79%(a) Explain the change in the product ratios when the temperature is increased.(b) Predict what will happen when the product mixture from the reaction at 0 °C is heated to 100 °C.(c) Because the SO3H group can be added to a benzene ring and removed later, it is sometimes called a blocking group.Show how 2,6-dibromotoluene can be made from toluene using sulfonation and desulfonation as intermediate steps inthe synthesis.

Electrophilic aromatic substitution usually occurs at the 1-position of naphthalene, also called the a position. Predict the major products of the reactions of naphthalene with HNO3, H2SO4.

The following are intermediate products in the stepwise synthesis of compound 1 from benzene. Give the correct sequence of reactions with the appropriate reagents that will lead to the correct intermediate products and final product. Br Br Br 1 2 4 3 5

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.67SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The change in the product ratios with an increase in temperature is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The consequence of heating product mixture from reaction at 0 οC to 100 οC is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The method of synthesis of 2,6-dibromotoluene from toluene is to be stated using sulfonation and desulfonation as intermediate steps in the synthesis.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.67SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The change in the product ratios with an increase in temperature is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The consequence of heating product mixture from reaction at 0 οC to 100 οC is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The method of synthesis of 2,6-dibromotoluene from toluene is to be stated using sulfonation and desulfonation as intermediate steps in the synthesis.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 17, Problem 17.67SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The change in the product ratios with an increase in temperature is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The consequence of heating product mixture from reaction at 0 οC to 100 οC is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The method of synthesis of 2,6-dibromotoluene from toluene is to be stated using sulfonation and desulfonation as intermediate steps in the synthesis.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

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Answer 5

Chapter 17, Problem 17.67SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The change in the product ratios with an increase in temperature is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The consequence of heating product mixture from reaction at 0 οC to 100 οC is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The method of synthesis of 2,6-dibromotoluene from toluene is to be stated using sulfonation and desulfonation as intermediate steps in the synthesis.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

Answer 6

Chapter 17, Problem 17.67SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The change in the product ratios with an increase in temperature is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

Answer 7

Chapter 17, Problem 17.67SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The change in the product ratios with an increase in temperature is to be explained.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The consequence of heating product mixture from reaction at 0 οC to 100 οC is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The consequence of heating product mixture from reaction at 0 οC to 100 οC is to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The method of synthesis of 2,6-dibromotoluene from toluene is to be stated using sulfonation and desulfonation as intermediate steps in the synthesis.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The method of synthesis of 2,6-dibromotoluene from toluene is to be stated using sulfonation and desulfonation as intermediate steps in the synthesis.

Concept introduction:

Sulfonation of benzene derivatives is done to synthesise arylsulfonic acids. It is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. In such type of reactions, sulfur trioxide acts as the electrophile. A solution of 7 % SO3 in sulfuric acid is known as “Fuming sulfuric acid”. Sulfonation is often reversible.

Answer 12

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 17.1 - Prob. 17.1P Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 17.2P Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 17.3P Ch. 17.4 - Use resonance forms to show that the dipolar sigma...Ch. 17.6A - Prob. 17.5P Ch. 17.6A - Prob. 17.6P Ch. 17.6B - Propose a mechanism for the brommation of...Ch. 17.6B - Prob. 17.8P Ch. 17.6B - Prob. 17.9P Ch. 17.7 - Prob. 17.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that sulfonation of benzene derivatives is an electrophilic aromatic substitution. The para isomer of the product predominates at higher temperatures.

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