Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134553511
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 12, Problem 5AYKB
Summary Introduction
To review:
The effects of endorphins on the perception of pain, the ability to resist muscle fatigue in an athlete, andwhether endorphins are able to stop the release of the source of the athlete’s pain.
Introduction:
An endorphin is a class of opioids that function as a neuropeptide. They have the property to relieve pain, and thus, are known as analgesics. They serve to depress or suppress the activities of the nervous system. They are also involved in aggressive, submissive, and sexual behavior. Endorphins are released during “runner’s high.”
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Inhibitory interneurons associated with the reflex arc are turned on by glutamate.
Group of answer choices
True
False
The tendon tap reflex can be elicited by a stretch in a muscle. What is the order of information flow from the primary sensory afferent to the lower motor neuron?
Group of answer choices
dorsal horn, dorsal root, ventral horn
dorsal root, dorsal horn, ventral horn
ventral root, ventral horn, dorsal horn, dorsal root
In regards to the spinothalamic tract, where does the second order neuron cross midline?
Group of answer choices
at the spinal cord segment
at the brainstem
at the thalamus
it never crosses midline
Describe the role of the cerebellum in maintaining smooth, coordinated skeletal muscle activity.
Describe and draw the spinocerebellar pathway, dorsal column-medial lemniscal pathway, spinothalamic pathway, and the lateral (pyramidal) corticospinal pathway for the transmission of information associated with the right foot. What information is transmitted by each pathway? (All pathways should be clearly illustrated on the same figure. You may take a picture of your artwork and paste it into your word document.)
Chapter 12 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
Ch. 12.1 - What types of functions are performed by the CNS?Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 2QCCh. 12.1 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.1 - 4. What is the neural tube?
Ch. 12.1 - Prob. 5QCCh. 12.2 - Prob. 1QCCh. 12.2 - Prob. 2QCCh. 12.2 - Which component of the diencephalon performs each...Ch. 12.2 - Describe the basic anatomical arrangement of the...Ch. 12.2 - What is the primary function of the cerebellum?
Ch. 12.2 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12.2 - Prob. 7QCCh. 12.2 - What are the general functions of the reticular...Ch. 12.3 - Which two body systems coordinate the maintenance...Ch. 12.3 - Which branch of the PNS controls most of the bodys...Ch. 12.3 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 4QCCh. 12.3 - Prob. 5QCCh. 12.3 - What type of rhythm does human sleep follow?...Ch. 12.3 - 7. What is an electroencephalogram? What is the...Ch. 12.4 - 1. What is cognition? Which part of the brain is...Ch. 12.4 - What is cerebral lateralization? Which functions...Ch. 12.4 - 3. Define language in the context of neurology....Ch. 12.4 - Explain the differences between declarative memory...Ch. 12.4 - 5. How do immediate, short-term, and long-term...Ch. 12.4 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12.5 - 1. What are the three meninges, from superficial...Ch. 12.5 - 2. What are the three spaces (potential and...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.5 - Prob. 4QCCh. 12.5 - 5. What two factors create the blood brain...Ch. 12.5 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 1QCCh. 12.6 - List and describe the three spinal meninges.Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 3QCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 4QCCh. 12.6 - What is the cauda equina?Ch. 12.6 - Prob. 6QCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 7QCCh. 12.6 - Prob. 8QCCh. 12.7 - 1. Where are the posterior columns and their two...Ch. 12.7 - Prob. 2QCCh. 12.7 - How are touch and pain processed by the cerebral...Ch. 12.7 - 4. How is the processing of olfactory stimuli...Ch. 12.8 - What is the main difference between the...Ch. 12.8 - Where do the fibers of the corticospinal tracts...Ch. 12.8 - Where do upper motor neurons reside, and what are...Ch. 12.8 - What are the two parts of the basal nuclei...Ch. 12.8 - What is the overall function of the cerebellum?Ch. 12.8 - Trace the overall voluntary movement pathway from...Ch. 12 - The central nervous system is responsible for: a....Ch. 12 - Mark the following statements about the brain as...Ch. 12 - 3. Which of the following is not one of the basal...Ch. 12 - 4. Which statement about cerebral white matter is...Ch. 12 - Mark the following statements about the cerebral...Ch. 12 - The central sulcus separates the: a. parietal and...Ch. 12 - 7. Match the term on the left with its correct...Ch. 12 - Which statement about the cranial meninges is...Ch. 12 - Prob. 9CYRCh. 12 - Prob. 10CYRCh. 12 - Mark the following statements about the spinal...Ch. 12 - Fill in the blanks: The tracts of the posterior...Ch. 12 - Which parts of the body have the greatest amount...Ch. 12 - Which of the following statements is false? a. The...Ch. 12 - Fill in the blanks: The cell bodies of upper motor...Ch. 12 - Label the following components of the...Ch. 12 - Mark the following statements on the role of the...Ch. 12 - Which of the following somatic sensations is not...Ch. 12 - 19. Fill in the blanks: The two components of the...Ch. 12 - 20. Which of the following statements is false?
a....Ch. 12 - 21. Match the term on the left with its correct...Ch. 12 - 22. The part of the brain responsible for the...Ch. 12 - Fill in the blanks: Declarative memories are...Ch. 12 - Prob. 24CYRCh. 12 - Huntingtons disease is characterized by a loss of...Ch. 12 - How could you tell the difference between an...Ch. 12 - Why do injuries to the hippocampus interfere with...Ch. 12 - Ms. Norris is brought to the emergency department...Ch. 12 - Prob. 2AYKACh. 12 - Prob. 3AYKACh. 12 - A new diet wonder drug is designed to block the...Ch. 12 - Prob. 5AYKB
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- A person is warming their feet by a fire. Which of the following statements is TRUE? O A. The medial section of the post-central gyrus will be active. B. The lateral section of the pre-central gyrus will be active. OC. There will be an increase in frequency of action potentials along the medial lemniscal system. D. There will be decreased frequency of action potentials along the spinothalamic tract.arrow_forwardThe cerebellum controls performance of rapid movements by :-a- directly stimulating AHCs of the acting musclesb- by storing pre-planed motor programs for these movementsc- by rapidly receiving proprioceptive information from the acting musclesd- by inhibiting antagonistic musclesarrow_forwardNeuroscience Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum 1) Describe the basic anatomy of the basal ganglia and cerebellar circuits and theirrole in the refinement of movement 2) Know the basic anatomy of these structures and list the inputs to the basal ganglia Please provide pictures with your explanation. This should help me prepare for an upcoming exam. I need to understand what is going and I'm a visual person!!arrow_forward
- Label on the diagram: 1. Muscle spindle 2. Sensory neuron 3. Soma of sensory neuron 4. Dorsal root 5. Dorsal root ganglion 6. Dorsal horn 7. Ventral horn 8. Motor neuron to quad 9. Motor neuron to biceps 10. Excitatory synapse 11. Inhibitory synapse What is the name of this reflex? e20SPm idton, How many neurons are Tap your partner's patellar ligament to test their reflexes and try tapping the belly of the brachioradialis muscle to see what happens. involved?arrow_forwardApproximately where would one look to find the somatic motor neurons whose axons comprise the tibial n. of the lumbosacral plexus? Sacral vertebral region Cervical vertebral region O Inferior thoracic vertebral region Inferior lumbar vertebral region.arrow_forwardA small child has bumped their knee but reports to their parent that rubbing the affected area lessens the pain. Explain how the sensation of pain is transduced within the nervous system and explain why rubbing the painful area may appear to lessen the pain for this child.arrow_forward
- Which part serves as the sensory relay center of thebrain? As the link between the nervous system and theendocrine system?arrow_forwardHypertonia of UMN lesions is characterized by :-a- increased inhibitory discharge from the premotor areab- inhibition of pontine reticular formationc- increased γ-motor neuron discharge d- decreased muscle spindle dischargearrow_forwardSpinal Cord Gray Matter Fill in the blanks with the terms provided. interneurons lateral center gray commissure sensory neurons gray matter posterior anterior The gray matter in the spinal cord is located in the shape resembles a letter H, or a butterfly. The cell bodies of somatic motor neurons are primarily housed in the and its horns, which innervate skeletal muscle. The cell bodies of autonomic motor neurons are found in the horns and innervate cardiac and smooth muscle, and glands. Left and right masses of are the posterior horns. The axons of located in the and the cell bodies of horns. The of gray matter that surrounds a narrow central canal. are is a horizontal bar Resetarrow_forward
- Visit this site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/NYTmotor) to read about an elderly woman who starts tolose the ability to control fine movements, such as speechand the movement of limbs. Many of the usual causes wereruled out. It was not a stroke, Parkinson’s disease, diabetes,or thyroid dysfunction. The next most obvious cause wasmedication, so her pharmacist had to be consulted. Theside effect of a drug meant to help her sleep had resultedin changes in motor control. What regions of the nervoussystem are likely to be the focus of haloperidol side effects?arrow_forwardWhich of the following describes the pyramidal decussation? crossing fibers of the spinothalamic pathway Crossing fibers of the anterior corticospinal pathway crossing fibers of the lateral corticospinal pathway crossing fibers of the anterior spinocerebellar pathway A lesion of the complete dorsal column at C2 will result is which of the following TPV & CP loss? Ipsilateral loss at C2 Bilateral loss at C2 Bilateral loss at C2 down Contralateral loss at C2 downarrow_forwardWhy are some areas of the body represented as largerthan other areas on the spatial map of the primary motorcortex?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning