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genetics questions
1. What is the role of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in breast and ovarian cancer?
2. Describe why PARP inhibitors are considered targeted therapies (affecting only cancer cells and not healthy cells)? Describe their mechanism of action.
3. Explain how accurate direct-to-consumer test kits are for identifying BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations? If you had a positive result, how would you interpret this result and what steps might you take next?
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- PLEASE HELP ME ANSWER THESE OBJECTIVES QUESTIONS. THANK YOU IN ADVANCE. 1. In genetic engineering, a reverse transcriptase enzyme is used to a. replace the Pfu polymerase enzyme b. denature all messenger RNAs c. undo the action of a restriction enzyme d. produce complementary DNA 2. In lac operon, both gene A and gene B undergo a transcription process. Gene B can only undergo transcription in the presence of lactose and in the absence of glucose. The product of gene A is often altered by an inducer. Which of the following is true about genes A and B? a. Gene A= structural gene; Gene B= regulatory gene b. Gene A= promoter gene; Gene B= operator gene c. Gene A= lacZ gene; Gene B= promoter gene d. Gene A= regulatory gene; Gene B= structural gene 3. In response to a newly encountered pathogen, the first antibody class to appear in the serum is ________. a. IgE b. IgM c. IgA d. IgG 4. Lymphocytes that involve in the defense system by means of direct attack…Question 1. Describe and explain the epidemiological evidence supporting the view that cancer develops through a multi-step process involving increasingly severe stages.. Question 2. Describe and explain the genetic evidence supporting the view that cancer develops through a multi-step process involving increasingly severe stages.help. Mr A has come to the clinic today because she felt a lump in her breast while taking a shower. She is extremely anxious and wants to know if she is going to die 1. What is A afraid of and how can you reassure her that she may not die? 2. What are some questions that may be helpful in identifying any risk factors she may have for any type of cancer? Give the rationale for asking each question. 3. Following a mammogram, a needle biopsy is ordered. What is the purpose of a biopsy? 4. The biopsy results were positive for cancer. What would be the next step in diagnosing categorizing the specific type of cancer she may have?
- Breast Cancer Screening Program – A group of women were subjected to a breast cancer screening program. A newly developed screening test was utilized to measure its sensitivity and specificity against a gold standard test. a) What is the prevalence of breast cancer in this population? b) Calculate the Sensitivity of the test and provide interpretation c) Calculate the Specificity of the test and provide interpretationACTIVITY 3: Analyze Me! Direction: Draw a smiling face (O) if the statement is an importance of genetic engineering and (O if not. 1. Genetic engineering has been used to mass-produce insulin. 2. Genes and other genetic information from a wide range of organisms are transformed into bacteria for storage and modification, creating genetically modified bacteria in the process. 3. Some genetically engineered animals become an important source of new drugs. 4. Many genetically engineered crops are being used by many farmers now. 5. Genetic engineering is used to produce more needed genetically engineered medicines.Please, I need help. 1. YOU ARE WORKING WITH A NEW DRUG TO TREAT BREAST TUMORS. PRESENT AN OUTLINE OF THE STEPS YOU WOULD CARRY OLUT IN PRECLINICAL TESTING. WHAT ASPECTS OF DRUG ACTIVITY AGAINST THE TUMOR CAN BE ADDRESSED: IN MONOLAYER CULTURE? IN MUTICELLULAR TUMOR SPHEROID CULTURE? WHAT TYPES OF COMPLEX TISSUE CULTURE ENVIRONMENTS MAY ALSO BE USEFUL FOR DRUG TESTING?
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- Describe one chemotherapeutic approach that can be used to treat prostate cancer? Your answer should include information about the molecular processes and interactions which are at the core of the treatment strategyQuestions:1. Why are plasmids used as vector for DNA Recombination? What other vectors can be used? 2. How are Recombinant DNA formed?3. What is the difference between genetic modification and selective breeding?F. Written Response 1. If gene transcription is inhibited after fertilization, development past the two-cell stage does not take place in the mouse. However, in frog embryos, this treatment does not disrupt development until late cleavage. Explain this difference. 2. Twist transcription factors (TF) play key roles in embryonic development and are largely undetectable in normal adult tissues; however, their expression is reactivated during tumor progression and correlates with invasive and metastatic lesions. Transcription of the Twist gene is activated by Wnt signals and the Twist TF represses the gene for E-cadherin. Answer the following questions as briefly as possible, based on what was presented in class, not an internet search (complex answers that go beyond class material may lose points) a. Outline the steps from the Wnt signal to the E-cadherin gene (inclusive); e.g., A → B → C (with some clarifications such as "binds to", "activates", "represses") b. What are the normal…