Q: What is Renal Sodium Regulation?
A: Answer: Introduction: Sodium quantities in humans are partially maintained by a hormone known as…
Q: How are sodium and potassium levels controlledin the body?
A: An electrolyte is a kind of substance that separates in water into charged particles referred to as…
Q: What sodium deficiency would hamper reabsorbsion?
A: Sodium is one of the essential minerals in the body. The main source of sodium for humans is salt.…
Q: What are the mechanisms by which sodium depletion causes an increase in renin secretion?
A: The cells are the primary unit of life. The cells form the tissues which collectively form an organ.…
Q: what are the functions and deficiency features of potassium ?
A: Potassium is a mineral that acts as main intracellular ion. It is maintained by sodium potassium…
Q: What does anitdiuretic hormone do in relation to sodium and water homeostasis?
A: Antidiuretic hormone is also called as vasopressin, it is a hormone which help the kidney in…
Q: What are the diseases associated with the presence of bile acids and ketone bodies in urine?
A: Bile acids are steroid acids found predominantly in the bile of mammals and other vertebrates. They…
Q: What are the stimuli for thirst?
A: Thirst is the desire for liquid, resulting in the basic instinct of animals to drink. It is an…
Q: how does Diabetes mellitus causes renal failure?
A: A type of kidney disease caused by diabetes is known as diabetic kidney disease [DKD], chronic…
Q: Describe the process of vomiting.
A: Nausea can be defined as stomach discomfort and the sensation of vomiting. Nausea or vomiting…
Q: How do hormones regulate salt and water balance?
A: Regulation of salt and water balance is done by the endocrine system.
Q: By what mechanism does thirst help regulate water intake?
A: Water forms a large portion of the body and 2/3 of water is present within cells called…
Q: What is the normal composition of urine?
A: Step 1 Urine is transparent, pale yellow (due to urochrome, a breakdown product of hemoglobin) but…
Q: How is urine produced?
A: Nitrogen waste are formed inside all body cell. These waste are transported to kidney by blood and…
Q: How does vesicoureteral reflux occur?
A: The three main parts of the urinary system are the kidneys, urinary bladder, and urethra. The…
Q: How is uric acid formed? What is the significance of abnormally high concentration of uric acid in…
A: Uric acid is a primary nitrogeneous waste in case of birds, reptiles. It is comparably less toxic…
Q: How is sodium ion concentration regulated?
A: Introduction Chloride is the most abundant anion in the extracellular fluid. Along with Chloride…
Q: What are Basal concentrations?
A: CONCENTRATION IS NO.OF MOLES PER UNIT VOLUME.
Q: What is the net result of the renal response to alkalosis?
A: Response to alkalosis: Low H+ concentration. There is inadequate secretion of H+ to reabsorb all the…
Q: What is the cause of proteinuria?
A: When excess proteins in the urine are known as Proteinuria, urine produces very little protein in…
Q: What is the net result of the renal response to acidosis?
A: Metabolic acidosis is a common clinical condition that is characterized by reduced blood pH and…
Q: How can bladder cancer be prevented?
A: Bladder is one of the most cancer in the world affecting more than 70, 000 adults in the united…
Q: Where is the most water reabsorbed?
A: Urinary system eliminates the waste in the body through urine formation. Urine contains undesired…
Q: How do the kidneys respond to the presence of acidosis or alkalosis?
A: Kidneys have two main ways to maintain acid base balance their cells reabsorb bicarbonate HCO3 -…
Q: What is removal of uric acid called?
A: Protein metabolism in the body often results in the accumulation of nitrogenous wastes. These…
Q: Which are the found in extreme saline condition?
A: Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms that contain only a single cell. They are the simple cells…
Q: How does hypertension affect urinary function?
A: Hypertension simply means elevation in blood pressure. It can be caused by various factors…
Q: What is the cause of sugar elevatedin urine?
A: The presence of sugar, especially glucose, in urine is known as glycosuria. Under normal…
Q: How does intrarenal acute renal failure differ from postrenal failure?
A: Acute renal failure (ARF) is defined as a rapid decline in renal function that results in the…
Q: What are the body fluids in the body that are not secreted?
A: According to physiology, fluid is a liquid which is water based. Body fluids are the fluids or…
Q: What is sodium amobarbital and sodium pentobarbital ?
A: Central nervous system depressants CNS depressants includes Sedatives, hypnotics, alcohol,…
Q: What are acidosis andalkalosis?
A: Blood is a biological buffer system. It is the circulatory fluid in the body. The property of blood…
Q: How is uric acid formed?
A: Uric acid It is a heterocyclic compound. Its chemical formula is C5H4N4O3 In normal conditions,…
Q: What is the cause of Acid Reflux?
A: At the place of stomach entrance a muscular valve is found that is known as lower esophageal…
Q: How is gout being diagnosed thru urinalysis?
A: Glycogen is a homopolysaccharide that is mainly the stored or reserve food material for animals…
Q: What is vomiting (emetic) center?
A: Introduction: Vomiting is a reflex action that includes the ejection of stomach contents through the…
Q: How do stones in the lower urinary tract present clinically?
A: Stones (calculi) are hard masses that form in the urinary tract and can cause pain, bleeding,…
Q: protein present in the urine in acute kidney disease? or can protein in the urine be a marker for…
A: Proteinuria It is defines as abnormal excretion of protein in the urine. Normal protein excretion…
Q: how is glucose reabsorbed in the proximal tubule?
A: The kidneys filter unwanted substances from the blood and produce urine to excrete them. There are…
Q: Why does bladder exstrophy occur?
A: Urinary bladder is a part of excretory system that tends to store urine till it is passed out…
Q: Why is glucose present in pathological urine? What does the presence of glucose indicate?
A: Glucose metabolism includes glycolysis in which glucose molecules are converted to 2 molecules…
Q: What are the side effects of excessively high potassium concentration?
A: A mineral is a synthetic component needed as a fundamental supplement by living beings to fill roles…
Q: Thirst may be either intracellular or __________________________.
A: NOTE: The question must be "Thirst may either be due to intracellular or ______". There are…
What can a lack of sodium cause?
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