The amount of this in thecell rises as DNAsynthesis begins.Cis-acting element thatcan increase transcriptionat a distant promoter.Encoded by, and requiredto propagate, LongINterspersed Elementtransposons.1.steroid hormoneThe amount of this in thecell falls rapidly as DNA2.steroid hormone receptorsynthesis begins.Upon binding its ligand, it3.DNA methyltransferasedimerizes and binds to aspecific DNA sequence.4.Adenosine deaminaseCovalently modifies otherproteins during a specific5.Peptide hormonephase of the cell cycle.Regulatory signal that6.Histone acetyltransferasebinds to the extracellulardomain of a receptor7.Enhancerprotein.8.Recognizes and cuts a pairReverse transcriptaseof short inverted repeatsin DNA.9.TransposasePasses unassisted throughmembranes to bind to itstarget protein, which thenactivates gene expression.Base-modifying enzymethat changes the pairingproperties of its substrate.Decondenses chromatinby neutralizing the DNA-attracting charge on thenucleosome core.Base-modifying enzymethat does not change thepairing properties of itssubstrate.10. Cyclin-dependent kinase11. Cyclin D12. Histone 2B

Answered: The amount of this in the cell rises as…

Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)

15th Edition

ISBN:9781337408332

Author:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter10: Control Of Gene Expression

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4SQ

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Phorbol esters have been observed to induce the transcription of AP-1–influenced genes. Explain how this processcould occur. What are the consequences of AP-1 transcription? What role does intermittent exposure to phorbol estershave on an individual’s health?
Cells go to great length to correctmistakes in the processes of DNAreplication, transcription, splicing,and translation. Are there analogousstrategies to correct mistakes in theselection of which genes are to beexpressed in a given cell type? Couldthe great complexity of transcriptioninitiation in animals and plants reflectsuch a strategy?
TAN TTGC IGGAG Nanog regulatory sequence Given this interaction map which DNA sequence would the transcription factor most likely bind to? CAAGGAG ATTAACG TAATTGG TAATTGC
Suppose that you have cancer cell line X was treated with drug Y toincrease the expression levels of protein Z which is a tumorsuppressor gene.
Scientists have exploited the siRNA pathway toperform a technique called RNA interference—ameans to knock down the expression of a specificgene without having to make mutations in it. Theidea is to introduce dsRNA corresponding to thetarget gene into an organism; the dsRNA is thenprocessed into an siRNA that leads to the degradation of the target gene’s mRNA. One clever methodfor delivery of the dsRNA to some organisms (thenematode C. elegans, for example) is to feed thembacteria transformed with a recombinant plasmidthat expresses dsRNA.a. Draw a gene construct that, when expressed from aplasmid in bacteria, could be used to knock downby RNA interference the expression of gene X ofC. elegans.b. How can you test if gene X expression is obliterated in worms that have eaten the bacteria transformed with a plasmid containing your construct?c. Do you think that only gene X expression will beaffected in these worms? Explain.
A single mutation in one of the transcription factors inProblem 33 results in a drastic reduction in YFG transcription. Diagram what this mutant interaction mightlook like
What factors called mitogens stim-ulate cultured mammalian cells to proliferate by inducing expression of early response genes. Many of these genesencode transcription factors that stimulate expression ofgenes encoding the G1/S phase cyclins and E2F transcriptionfactors.
Suppose that you have cancer cell line X was treated with drug Y toincrease the expression levels of protein Z which is a tumorsuppressor gene.Explain How can you study protein Z in these cells? (no need for these qustions)Explain how can you study protein Z components? (needed)
Suppose that you have cancer cell line X was treated with drug Y toincrease the expression levels of protein Z which is a tumorsuppressor gene. (no need for this qustion)Explain How can you study protein Z in these cells? (needed)
Experiments show that mutations at gene E lead to non-repressible transcription of trp genes. Why?
LysR regulators like llvY repress transcription from their own promoters. This is called a negative feedback loop. Why might negative feedback be a good way to control expression of a transcriptional repressor? This type of negative feedback loop ensures that ilvC transcription will always be repressed when llvY levels are low, and ilvC will be transcribed highly when llvY levels are high. This type of negative feedback regulation ensures that ilvY is never transcribed. Since llvY is a transcriptional repressor, it will slow down cell growth by blocking transcription. So, llvY represses it's own transcription so that no llvY can ever be made, and the cell can grow. This type of negative feedback loop ensures that there is always a moderate amount of llvY. When IlvY levels fall too low, transcription from the promoter will increase since IlvY won't be able to repress it's own promoter. This negative feedback also ensures that IlVY levels don't rise too high - when llvY levels are high,…
Certain hormones, such as epinephrine, can increase the levels ofcAMP within cells. Let’s suppose you pretreat cells with or withoutepinephrine and then prepare a cell extract that contains theCREB protein.You then use an electrophoretic mobility shift assay to analyzethe ability of the CREB protein to bind to a DNA fragmentcontaining a cAMP response element (CRE). Describe what theexpected results would be.

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