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- Which of the followings is correct about water-soluble hormones?A. They have to be carried by a carrier protein while being in circulationB. Their effect persists for daysC. They bind to regulatory elements in the DNAD. They diffuse easily through the cell membrane.E. They induce the production of short-lived metabolites.Describe the differences in the mechanism of action between ACTH and cortisol in target cells.s in th and the development of a tumor. Which of the following is a characteristic of steroid hormones? A. Activation of adenylate cyclase B. Activation of protein kinases C. Plasma membrane receptors D. Stimulation of cellular protein synthesis E. Termination of effects by phosphodiesterase V adenylate cyclase 본 Edit D t 20% 2 C
- Propose an explanation for why defects in a particular hormone cascade pathway observed in patients typically affect the final gland in the pathway rather than the hypothalamus or pituitary.A.Where are melanocyte stimulating hormone made? (cells, organ) B.What organ/or cells secrete them? (may differ from site of formation) C.What stimulates their secretion? Explain negative feedback control of secretion. D.Where do they work (target) E.What do they regulate: physiological outcome?Which of the following statements about endocrine targeting and reception is correct? a. The idea that one hormone affects one type of tissue is illustrated when epinephrine cannot adivate both the receptors on liver cells and the beta receptors of heart muscle. B. The idea that the response to a hormone is the same amling different target cells is shown when diferent liver cells are activated by insulin. C. The idea that one hormone affects one type of tissue is illustrated when epinephrine binds to smooth cells in blood vessels, as well as to beta cells in heart muscle d. The idea that a minute concentration of hormone can cause widespread effects demonstrates the specificity if cells for certain hormones. E. The idea that a target cell can responds to more than one hormone is illustrated by a vertabrate liver cell responding to insulin and glucagon.
- Give 3 examples of probable endocrine disruptors. Why are endocrine disruptors ofconcern even at very low concentrations?Briefly describe:a) the endocrine system (what biological systems are involved), andb) 3 ways endocrine disruptors (EDs) affect the endocrine systemExplain mechanisms of action in endocrine signaling, taking Adrenalin-induced fight or flight response as an example.Which statement correctly identifies how a lipid-soluble hormone that diffuses from the blood and through the interstitial fluid identifies which cells in the tissue to act upon? O The cell closest to the diffusion site. O The presence of a receptor located in the cytoplasm or nucleus specific to the hormone in cells. O The presence of a receptor embedded in the plasma membrane of target cells. O The presence of a channel protein embedded in the plasma membrane for the lipid-soluble hormone to diffuse through. Save for Later 80 F3 F4 F5 F6 8 F7 Attempts: 0 of 3 used F8 F9 Submit Answer F10
- Describe the cascade, in detail, what follows hormone activation in the PIP2 cascade. Be sure to describe in detail the G Protein action, and the three second messengers in this system.Hormone receptor molecules are the key to understanding specific-ity of hormone action on target cells. Describe and distinguish be-tween receptors located on the cell surface and those located in the nucleus of target cells. Name two hormones whose action is medi-ated through each type of receptor.is/are secreted by the -- during acute stressful conditions to promote adrenal release of glucose from liver cells. Select one: A. ACTH - medulla B. Mineralocorticoids - cortex O C. Glucagon - cortex | D. Glucocorticoids - cortex O E. Epinephrine – medulla
