At the synaptic terminal of a motor neuron, the first thing to happen that leads to synaptic transmission in response to an action potential is which of the following? O release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft O binding of neurotransmitter to receptor-gated ion channels in post-synaptic membrane O opening of voltage-gated Ca** channels O fusion of synaptic vesicles with presynaptic terminal membrane

At the synaptic terminal of a motor neuron, the first thing to happen that leads to synaptic transmission in response to an action potential is which of the following? O release of neurotransmitter into the synaptic cleft O binding of neurotransmitter to receptor-gated ion channels in post-synaptic membrane O opening of voltage-gated Ca** channels O fusion of synaptic vesicles with presynaptic terminal membrane

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter4: Principles Of Neural And Hormonal Communication

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3TAHL

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If action potential propagation from one neuron to another neuron requires ACh release, what event at the synaptic cleft explains the need for action potentials to arrive at a high rate before the post-synaptic membrane achieves threshold? the lack of sodium voltage gated channels on the post-synaptic membrane O the rapid breakdown of ACh by ACHE at the synaptic cleft the slow release of ACh by the synaptic vessicles the slow movement of sodium through chemical gates Previous Next MacBook Air
Which of the following is true of ACh (acetylcholine)? O It cannot be degraded within the synaptic cleft to which it was released; it must be internalized and degraded by the cell that receives it O It is always excitatory because it causes the entrance of Na+ into a cell which leads to an increase in intracellular mV O It is released via exocytosis from the axon terminal of a somatic motor neuron O It is released via exocytosis from all pre-ganglionic motor neurons of the ANS
Connexons of gap junctions in electric synapses :-a- are Ligand-gatedb- are voltage-gatedc- allow transmission of potential changes in both directions between the pre- and post- synaptic neuronsd- close whenever the presynaptic neuron becomes hyperpolarized
Which of the following statements are true with regards to the differences between a neuromuscular junction, and a standard central nervous system (CNS) synapse? Select all that apply. O The neuromuscular junction is a synapse between a neuron (alpha motor neuron) and a muscle fibre. CNS synapses connect two neurons. The graded potential generated by a neuromuscular junction has a much larger voltage than that of a CNS synapse. The structure of the neuromuscular junction ensures that an action potential in the alpha motor neuron always results in an action potential in the post-synaptic muscle fibre. CNS synapses do not guarantee this. The neuromuscular junction always uses Acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter, whereas CNS synapses may use a variety of neurotransmitters depending on their location and function
The axon of neurons contains microtubules with the minus end situated toward the cell body and the plus end situated toward the end of the axon. Neurotransmitters are transported in vesicles carried by motor proteins. A neuron missing which of the following motor proteins would be unable to secrete neurotransmitters in this way? Group of answer choices: Myosin Kinesin Dynein
At a chemical synapse, what happens? O action potentials are propagated more quickly than at an electrical synapse O the postsynaptic neuron converts an electrical signal into a chemical signal O the presynaptic neuron converts an electrical signal into a chemical signal O two cells communicate directly via connections at gap junction O there is a synaptic delay of about 3 seconds as the neurotransmitter crosses the synaptic cleft < Previous
Predatory cone snails are beautiful (picture below), but deadly - they release a cocktail of toxins that affect multiple aspects of neuronal function. One of these toxins is called omega-conotoxin, and it blocks (inhibits) voltage-gated calcium channels. What impact would this have on chemical synaptic transmission? Action potentials cannot be initiated O b. Action potentials can be initiated, but cannot propagate down axons and thus cannot reach terminals O c. Action potentials can propagate and reach terminals, but neurotransmitter release is not possible o d. Neurotransmitters can be released from terminals, but they cannot bind to receptors O . Neurotransmitters can be released and can bind to receptors, but PSPS will not occur
Regardless of type, all neurons transfer signals between each other or to effectors (muscles or glands) at a synapse. The neuromuscular junction that we talked about with the muscular system is one example of a synapse. The diagram below shows the general features of a synapse Match each term or description with the appropriate letter in the diagram. You may use terms more than once. 1. Synaptic knob in axon terminal of pre-synaptic cell: 2. Synaptic cleft: 3. Neurotransmitter: 4. Dendrite of post-synaptic cell: 5. Cell body of post-synaptic cell: 6. Receptor in plasma membrane of post-synaptic cell: 7. Chemical released by neurons that stimulates or inhibits other neurons, muscles, or glands: 8. Cell that sends the signal: 9. Dendrite of cell that receives the signal: 10. Space between cells that must be crossed by neurotransmitters: 11. Structure that opens, like a "protein door", when neurotransmitters attach to it:
Synaptic transmission depends upon :- a-direct transmission of impulses from the presynaptic neuron to the postsynaptic neuronb- diffusion of neurotransmitters from synaptic knobs into the soma and dendrites of postsynaptic neuronsc- presence of voltage-gated Ca ++ channels in membrane of synaptic knobsd- presence of voltage-gated Ca ++ channels in the subsynaptic membrane
Which of the following would occur if you were measuring the voltage of a motor neuron that was stimulated by an inhibitory pathway? The voltage would decrease to +55 mV The voltage would increase to +65 mV An EPSP would be present at the membrane An IPSP would be present at the membrane
An autonomic neuroeffector junction Has the same structure as a somatic motor neuroeffector junction Uses only acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter Releases neurotransmitter from varicosities Does not require calcium for the release of the neurotransmitter
Events in Synaptic Signal Transmission 1. Neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft. 2. Neurotransmitters bind to ion channels. 3. Sodium ions enter into the dendrites. 4. Neurotransmitters are returned to the axon terminal, broken down by the enzymes or diffused away from the synapse. 5. Action potential arrives in axon terminal. 6. Synaptic vesicles containing the neurotransmitters fuse with the presynaptic membrane. 7. lon channels open. The sequence in which the events numbered above are involved in the signal transmission across the synapse is ,and