A patient is receiving radiation to the chest. The calculated dose to the tumor while "on cord" is 35 Gy at 2.5 Gy per fraction. The cord is receiving 3 Gy per fraction. Assuming alpha/beta of 3 for late effects, what

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Q: xplain four essential characteristics of a genetic material.

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Q: Explain the history of knowledge of DNA structure before the model proposed by Watson and Crick.

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A:

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Substance Abuse

Substance abuse refers to the use of illegal drugs in excessive quantities, as well as the misuse of legal substances such as prescription or over-the-counter pharmaceuticals or alcohol for purposes other than those intended. Drug addiction, also known as substance use disorder, is a disease that affects the brain and behavior of a person. It leads to a failure to control the use of any drug or prescription, legal or illegal.