A 70 year old woman comes to hospital with chronic renal failure. She was found to have hypocalcemia. What is the link between chronic renal failure and hypocalcemia?
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- A 70- year old woman comes to hospital with chronic renal failure. She was found to have hypoglycemia. What is the link between renal failure and hypoglycemia. (Subject: Clinical biochemistry)"Flurazepam, Zaleplon, Zolpidem"- Among these drugs, are dose adjustment require in moderate to severe hepatic impairment or renal impairment? Please answer at your own easy words.Explain the nature of the metabolic disorder in the patient with the following urinalysis data. What disease can be assumed in the patient? Urine analysis: Quantity 3 liters Color light yellow Fruity odor Density 1,040 Transparency is transparent Reaction is acidic Protein is not detected Indica reaction is slightly positive Bile pigments are not detected Urobilin reaction is slightly positive Glucose 90 g/day Ketone bodies detected
- Pyruria is defined as... white blood cells in urine blood in urine strong smelling urine difficulty urinatingAn 85 year old women with a history of diabetes mellitus and a broken hip has been confined to bed for 3 months. She has been complaining of aching muscles and her recent blood glucose result is 250mg/dL (Normal Range 70 - 100mg/dL) Urinalysis is with the following results: Color: Reddish brown Appearance: Clear Sp Gr: 1.020, pн 5.0 Protein: 2+ Glucose: 100 mg/dL (3+) Ketones: Negative Blood: Moderate Bilirubin: Negative Urobilinogen: Normal Nitrite: Negative Leukocyte esterase: Negative Microscopic exam: 0 – 2 WBC/hpf; few squamous epithelial cells/hpf Questions (3): A. What is the significance of the negative Ketones result? a. Increased fat metabolism b. Fat is not being metabolized for energy c. Starvation d. Patient has just consumed a high fat meal B. Glucose will appear in the urine when the: a. Blood level of glucose is greater than 180 mg/dL b. Tm (Transport maximum) for glucose in tubular cells is exceeded c. Renal threshold for glucose is exceeded d. All of the above C. The…Indicate whether the following sentences is True or False 1) Urea is the major nitrogen-containing metabolic product of protein catabolism in humans, accounting for > 75% of the nonprotein nitrogen eventually excreted 2) Dialysis is the process of separating substances in solution based on size and the difference in their diffusion rates through a semipermeable membrane
- My mother who is a type 2 diabetes mellitus patient is taking empagliflozin, a SGLT2 inhibitor, for the treatment of hyperglycaemia. Based on your knowledge on renal physiology, what is the mechanism of action of a SGLT2 inhibitor? [No pharmacology details needed ]What is the role of the renal system in the regulation of body water, electrolyte balance, acid-base balance, and endocrine function? Kindly insert your references here. Thank you!Which of the following statements best describes the difference between hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis? Select one: a. O b. 5 c. d. Peritoneal Dialysis drains the filtered waste products out of the peritoneal cavity then discarded: Hemodialysis drains the filtered waste products into the dialysate solution then discarded. Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis both require hypotonic dialysate solutions Knowled Peritoneal Dialysis is referred to as the "artificial kidney" : hemodialysis is referred to as the "functional kidney" Hemodialysis filters the patient's blood through a semi-permeable membrane: Peritoneal Dialysis filters the patient's blood through a sterile micron filter Q Search
- What is urine? What are the abnormal metabolic products may be present in urine? What is the clinical significance of the following tests? Discuss what constituent is being detected and give the positive result for each test. 1. Fehling's test 4. Heller's test 2. Benedict's test 5. Robert's test 3. Nylander's test 6. Benzidine testJoey complained to his physician that he was constantly thirsty, hungry, and had to urinate frequently. His physician ordered a blood and urine test. The results of his urinalysis showed the following abnormal values: pH: 3.5 glucose: 250 mg/100 mL ketones: 10 gm/100 mL albumin: 30 mg/100 mL specific gravity: 1.045 Given Joey’s symptoms and urinalysis results, what do you predict is his diagnosis? Explain and provide reasoning(CASE 3) Please refer to the patient's urinalysis result below: A patient is admitted following a vehicular accident causing massive crush injuries. Which of the following microscopic and chemical examinations show a clear discrepancy? Choose all that apply. a) RBC b) WBC c) Epithelial cell d) Bacteria e) Leukocytes (Urine strip) f) Protein (Urine strip) g) Blood (Urine strip) i) Nitrite (Urine strip)