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Solved in 3 steps
- Which is the order of airflow during inhalation? nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoli nasal cavity, trachea, larynx, bronchioles, bronchi, alveoliWhich of the following structures separates the lung into lobes? mediastinum fissure root pleuraRestrictive airway diseases. increase the compliance of the lung decrease the compliance of the lung increase the lung volume decrease the work of breathing
- 6. Describe the changes that occur in the histology of the epithelial lining of the respiratory system, from the nasal cavity to the alveoli, and how these changes are related to function. Include the structure and histology of the trachea and its cartilaginous ‘rings’, compare this to the larynx and epiglottis.1. describe the mechanics of breathing (quiet and forced) 2. various respiratory volumes and capacities and how they relate to obstructive and restrictive lung disease1. Explain the three ways that CO2 is transported in the blood. 2. What is pulmonary edema and how does it alter gas exchange? 3. Explain how fibrotic lung diseases can cause decreased oxygen exchange between alveoli and the blood. 4. Explain how emphysema can result in a loss of alveolar surface area. 5. Which will have a higher concentration of surfactant, a large alveolus or a small one? Explain why. 6. What is the function of surfactant? 7. Explain why puncturing the pleural membrane (pneumothorax) causes the lung to collapse. 8. Explain why the intrapleural pressure is always subatmospheric.
- 4. Label the parts in the section of a normal lung: alveolar space, alveolar wall Normal lung (100X) Normal lung (400X) 1166. List the types of changes that take place for the following characteristics, when going from the trachea to the alveoli. Characteristic Size of tube Change Thickness of wall Cartilage Smooth muscle Type of epithelium 7. Using the table below, list the muscles involved in breathing. Situation Muscle(s) involved Normal/quiet inhalation Normal/quiet exhalation Forced inhalation Forced exhalation B. Histology of the respiratory system nhotomicrographs of the tracheal wall: adventitia, cartilage,2. Complete the sentences below by highlighting, underlining, or circling the correct answers in the [brackets]: a. During inspiration, the volume inside the thoracic cavity [increases/decreases], resulting in a(n) [increase/decrease] in intrapulmonary pressure compared to the pressure in the atmosphere. b. During expiration, the volume inside the thoracic cavity [increases/decreases], resulting in a(n) [increase/decrease] in intrapulmonary pressure compared to the pressure in the atmosphere. The causes air [enter/leave] the lungs.
- 6. Which of the following statements is not the manifestation of emphysema: Emphysematous chest Over light in chest percussion Palpation bilateral tremor enhancement O Auscultation breath sound reduction Difficult breathing10. State three common sources of trauma to the lungs, along with three nursing considerations for each.Discuss 4 homeostatic imbalances of the respiratory system and what is occurring physiologically in a person with the condition.