25. According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have * a. characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse. b. characteristics that plant and animal breeders value. c. the greatest number of offspring. d. variations best suited to environmental conditions

25. According to Darwin’s theory of natural selection, the individuals that tend to survive are those that have * a. characteristics their parents acquired by use and disuse. b. characteristics that plant and animal breeders value. c. the greatest number of offspring. d. variations best suited to environmental conditions

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter21: Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 5TYK

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Ton are the same thing. 4. According to the theory of natural selection, why are some individuals more likely than others to survive and reproduce? a. They pass on to their offspring new characteristics they acquired during their lifetimes. b. They are better adapted to exist in their environment than others. c. They do not pass on to their offspring new characteristics they have acquired during their lifetimes. d. They tend to produce fewer offspring than do others in the same environment.
17. Which of the following statements best explains the Theory of Natural Selection? * a. Organs that are not used may disappear, while organs that are constantly used may develop b. In nature, the organism with desirable characteristics may survive, while those weaker traits may not c. Organisms develop desirable structures to survive in a given environment d. Acquired characteristics of parents can be passed on to offspring 18. Larry Daley is a paleontologist found out some Central American Acacia species that have hollow thorns and pores at the bases of their leaves that secrete nectar. He used the species to understand the history and origin of the place. From the given situation, the Central American Acacia species is an example of _____________. * a. evolution b. fossil c. mutation d. coevolution
6. The British naturalist Richard Owen: A. Coined the word "dinosaur" B. Founded the London Museum of Natural History C. Both of these D. Neither of these 7. Darwin did not understand: A. how inheritance worked B. where variation came from C. species selection D. all of these 8. The fact that the peoples of Africa generally have darker skin than peoples of Europe is due to: A. UV rays B. Vitamin D C. Folic acid D. All of these 9.The post-synthesis ideas about evolution: A. put less emphasis on DNA sequences B. recognize epigenetic factors C. refute species selection D. all of the above 10.The synthetic theory of evolution included all of the following except: A. integration of speciation and geography B.mathematical predictions about the gene pool C. molecular evolution D. species diversification
1. Which among the following is NOT a principle of natural selection? a. The DNA sequence of the organism will change. b. The characteristics of organisms are inherited or passed from parent to offspring. c. Offspring vary among each other about their characteristics, and those variations are inherited. d. More offspring are produced than can survive. 2. Tawilis is a freshwater sardine endemic only in the Taal Lake in Batangas province. After several eruptions of the Taal volcano in the 21st century, the sardine population mentioned above rapidly dropped up to 82%. What best describe this scenario? a. mutation b. migration c. natural selection d. genetic drift
9. Which of the following statements best explains the Theory of Natural Selection? * A. Organs that are not used may disappear, while organs that are constantly used may develop B. In nature, the organism with desirable characteristics may survive, while those weaker traits may not C. Organisms develop desirable structures to survive in a given environment D. Acquired characteristics of parents can be passed on to offspring
1. Wood duck is one of the most recognizable birds in the United States. In the late winter season, the males attract the females with their call and colorful markings. The female wood ducks chose their partner based on their attractiveness. They then pair up and begin breeding in the early spring. What mechanism of evolution is described in the given situation? a. natural selection b. genetic drift c. non-random mating d. genetic flow 2. Which of these factors DO NOT produce an adaptive evolutionary change in a given environment? a. natural selection b. none of them c. mutation d. genetic drift
9. Which of the following statements best explains the Theory of Natural Selection? * A. Organs that are not used may disappear, while organs that are constantly used may develop B. In nature, the organism with desirable characteristics may survive, while those weaker traits may not C. Organisms develop desirable structures to survive in a given environment D. Acquired characteristics of parents can be passed on to offspring 10. Which of the following statements explains Lamarck’s Theory of Use and Disuse? * A. Body structures develop because they are used extensively B. Body structures develop because they are not use C. Body structures develop because of competition D. Body structures develop because of mutation
1. Animals that possess homologous characteristics Group of answer choices a. by chance had the same mutations in the past b. share a common ancestor that also had the characteristic c. are less related than if the characteristics were homoplastic d. evolved the characteristics independently e. are not related 2. In a population of Scrub Jays, the frequency of a recessive allele that results in short tail feathers in homozygous individuals is 0.5. When you survey the population for tail phenotypes, you find that 70 percent of adult scrub jays have short tail feathers. What is most likely true based on these numbers? Group of answer choices a.Short tail feathers appear to be neither helpful nor harmful in this population b.The population is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for this trait c. The short tail feathers are likely maladaptive and are allowing predators to capture the scrub-jays d. Having short tail feathers in this population is in…
1. Explain how a phenotype can increase, decrease, or have no effect on an organisms fitness. 2. Explain what would happen if a particular hair color suddenly gave an advantage under existing environmental conditions. 3. What components in an environment may be different on either side of the barrier? 4. What does the term "reproductive isolation" refer to? 5. Can you hypothesize how three organisms can have similar structures, yet they serve different functions? 6. It would seem that wisdom teeth no longer serve a purpose. Can you propose what purpose they served earlier in our evolution? 7. Explain why the pharyngeal slit becomes the Eustachian tube in humans and a gill in fish.
1. Which of these populations has all the characteristics needed to evolve by natural selection? A. a population of lizards may be brown or red. The temperature of the eggs determines the color of the baby lizards, and a brown parent lizard is equally likely to give birth to either color of offspring. B. a population of spiders includes individuals that build their webs in triangle shapes and others that build their webs in round shapes. They inherit their web-building strategies from their parents and all shapes are equally successful at catching insects. C. some gazelles are capable of running faster than others, a skill that is partially genetic Faster gazelles tend to live longer and have more offspring. A. Population A B. Population B C. Population C 2. Your friend asks you "If evolution is real, why aren't humans perfectly adapted by now! why do people still get heart disease and cancer and die?" Which of these would be an accurate response you could give? A. Evolution only…
28. The sperm count of the human population of developed societies has dropped from 130 million per ml to 50 million per ml in recent years. This is an example of A. directional selection B. disruptive selection C. sexual selection D. stabilising selection 29. Which of the followings is TRUE about directional selection? A. Selection pressure against organisms with one of the extreme phenotypes. B. It usually occurs in response to a stable environment. C. The mean value of the population graph remains unchanged. D. Example for direction selection is the birth weights of human babies. Page 10 of 23 Cell B: BIO. Dr. Ng Woei 2021 30. Which type of selection causes the dark-coloured moth has a natural selective advantage over the light-coloured moth during industrial melanism in the 19th century? A. Stabilising selection B. Directional selection C. Sexual selection D. Disruptive selection
9. This theory states that organisms with desirable characteristics may survive while those with weaker traits may not. * a. Use and Disuse b. Natural Selection c. Need d. Earth’s 10. Which of the following statements best explains the idea of Darwin about Natural Selection? * a. The abundance of certain species in an area is somehow related to the type of available food around it. b. The abundance of certain species in an area is not related to the type of available food around it. c. Both a & b d. None of the above.