23 Which of the following statements about mutations are true?

Q: Which aspect does NOT distinguish bacterial SMC proteins from eukaryotic SMC proteins

A: SMC proteins are the structural maintenance proteins of chromosome. Mostly present in both…

Q: 15) Once researchers identified DNA as the molecule responsible for transmitting heritable traits,…

A: Information transfer is fundamental to all living organisms. For TWO of the following examples,…

Q: 22-69 Indicate whether each of the following statements relating to protein synthesis is true or…

A: The process in which the formation of proteins occurs is called protein synthesis. It is the main…

Q: 23. Design the forward, reverse, and internal primers to the gene below and mutate the…

A: Primers are stretches of nucleic acids (either DNA or RNA) that help in DNA replication. DNA…

Q: 8. Explain the role of post-translational modifications of protein molecules: the formation of…

A: By covalently adding functional groups or proteins, proteolytic cleavage of regulatory subunits, or…

Q: 21. Describe three specific examples of free radical damage to DNA. Briefly describe the chemical…

A: Free radical damage to DNA It can occur as a consequence of exposure to ionizing radiation due to…

Q: 1 of 22 Suppose the DNA of a gene contains seven regions, A through G, in that order. Regions A, B,…

A: Given: The regions A,B,F are present in Exons The region C,D,E,G are present in Introns. Find the…

Q: 28. Given the relative proportion of DNA that directly codes for genes, is it reasonable to say that…

A: Introduction :- A gene is a basic unit of heredity in biology, consisting of a sequence of…

Q: 16) PROTEIN SYNTHESIS: A) Describe the process of protein synthesis. Be sure to use transcription…

A: Proteins are polymers of amino acids formed via peptide bond between two amino acids .

Q: 17. Which pair of scientists discovered the structure of the DNA double helix and helped to make…

A: “Since you have asked multiple questions, we will solve the first question for you. If you want any…

Q: 16)(comprehension) Suppose the following DNA sequence was mutated from 3'-AGAGAGAGAGAGAGAGAG-5' to…

A: The central dogma states that DNA undergoes transcription to form mRNA which then gets translated to…

Q: 23. Describe each type of transposon and how they integrate into the DNA. How are transposons…

A: Genome is defined as the complete set of genetic information that make up all the chromosomes of the…

Q: 23. Describe the transcription process that results in synthesis of an RNA molecule.

A: Transcription is the cycle where a gene's DNA sequence is replicated (deciphered) to make a RNA…

Q: 13. The codon for the amino acid methionine (met) is AUG. What is the corresponding anticodon found…

A: Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins where the combination of 20 different proteins helps…

Q: What is the primary conclusion of "domain-swapping" experiments with transcriptional regulatory…

A: Transcriptional regulatory proteins are proteins that act as transcription factors and regulate…

Q: 28. How do regulatory gradients produce many different patterns of gene expression?

A: NOTE: since you have posted multiple questions. So we will be solving the first question for you. As…

Q: What are Dissociation (Ds) mutations ?

A: Dissociation mutation can be defined as the type of mutation caused by the dissociation element.…

Q: 17. Which of the following is the CORRECT base pairings in RNA? * A. Uracil and Adenine B. Thymine…

A: Introduction :- A base pair is a basic unit of double-stranded nucleic acids, consisting of two…

Q: Which type of eukaryotic regulatory proteins interacts with enhancers?

A: DNA acts as genetic material in most organisms. DNA is a double-stranded structure that is composed…

Q: 29. siRNA involves in: Gene degenaration Gene downregulation

A: Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are 20- 27 base pairs long double-stranded RNA molecules. It is a…

Q: 24) Which of the following statements correctly describes a ribozyme? A) It is a catalyst that uses…

A: RNA is a nucleic acid that is made up of nucleotides. Each of the nucleotides in an RNA molecule…

Q: 42. What is the distinction between plectonemic and solenoidal supercoiling? Which of the two is…

A: Supercoiling of the DNA determines the strain on the DNA molecule inside the cell. DNA strand can be…

Q: 9.) Describe the molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis. Consider Inciuding the bases impacted, the…

A: Mutagenesis is the process by which the genetic information of an organism gets changed by mutation.…

Q: 7. Which is the main enzyme used for the replication of DNA in E. coli ?

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) refers to the macromolecule that is made of nucleotides. A nucleotide…

Q: 11. Why is RNA polymerase a good name for this enzyme? Explain each part of the name: RNA, polymer…

A: Replication is the process which makes DNA from the parental strand of DNA.  Transcription is…

Q: 12. If this is the base sequence of DNA, what is the resulting AA sequence for the following…

A: Mutations When the sequence of DNA is altered it is said that the DNA is mutated. Mutations causes…

Q: 21. What are the similarities and differences between the lactase persistence mutations found in…

A: Mutation can be defined as the change which occurs in the DNA which resulted in either addition or…

Q: What are SMC proteins? Describe the function of SMC proteins and explain how they might contribute…

A: Chromosomes must be supercoiled or they would not fit inside the nucleus (5 micrometers) of human…

Q: 15. How do some cells become brain cells and others become skin cells, when the DNA in ALL the cells…

A: For example, the genes for myosin and actin are present in animal cells but they are primarily…

Q: 30. How can one identify the presence of introns in a hybrid of DNA and mRNA? Give an example of…

A: Introns are non-coding sequences, whereas exons are coding sequences. Splicing is the process of…

Q: 23 Environmental factors typically activate genes in a cell by causing the cell to

A: The gene expression of a cell is controlled by transcription and translation which helps in the…

Q: 24. What is a Codon?

A: The flow of genetic information from DNA to RNA, RNA to protein synthesis is called central dogma.…

Q: 18) MUTATIONS: A. Explain the difference between a point mutation and a frameshift mutation. B.…

A: Mutations are the gradual changes that occur in our DNA  sequence because of several factors such as…

Q: Which kind of macromolecule is regarded as a good candidate for the original self-replicator (or…

A: A molecule which can act as a genetic material should have four properties : it must be stable, must…

Q: 46.Describe briefly the functions of the three types of RNA (tRNA, mRNA and rRNA) in protein…

A: Transcription the process of making RNA copy from DNA. Translation is the process of making proteins…

Q: 12. Which lane or lanes on the gel could be the result of Mutation B?

A: The mutation is defined as the drafting change or sudden change in a sequence of nucleotides present…

Q: 15. Why is PK > PNa and by about how much?

A: After discovery of electricity, scientists discovered that conduction from brain to muscle was…

Q: 15. A method of sequencing long DNA fragments by generating new sequencing primers based on…

A: DNA SEQUENCING: The method of determining the nucleic acid sequence - the order of nucleotides in…

Q: 24) Which of the following statements correctly describes a ribozyme? A) It is a catalyst that uses…

A: RNA is a nucleic acid that is made up of nucleotides. Each of the nucleotides in an RNA molecule…

Q: 30  A DNA sequence encoding a five-amino acid polypeptide is given below.…

A: Protein molecules are those molecules that are made up of chains amino acids in a specific order.…

Q: 10. Explain the difference at the molecular level in how temperature and urea denature a protein.

A: The three dimensional structure of a protein is held together by noncovalent interactions like…

Q: 32. Why is it necessary to modify the RNA molecule?

A: RNA modification affects the activity, localization as well as stability of RNAs. It occurs in all…

Q: For the following gene, which type of regulatory sequence has likely been deleted in mutant 1?

A: The main regulatory sequences which are present in gene are- enhancers promoters suppressors

Q: 36. Non-sense mutation results to the formation of a shorter protein than what should be…

A: In a nonsense mutation, or  stop mutation,  there is a change in DNA sequence  that causes a…

Q: 40) What external factor (aka, damaging agent) gives rise to the following DNA mutations? Write and…

A: Multiple questions with three parts are asked. I will answer for the question A , as per guidelines.…

Q: Question Describe the molecular genetics process using proper scientific terminology. Describe the…

A: Molecular genetics has been proved to be revolutionary. From producing bulk drugs of animal origin…

Q: silent mutation in DNA

A: Mutation can be defined as the  change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene or a chromosome.…

Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.