1. What are the indicators of remission in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Is it the normalization of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and the disappearance of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and other antibodies, or is it clinical improvement? 2. During remission of SLE, do ANA and other antibodies disappear?

1. What are the indicators of remission in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Is it the normalization of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and the disappearance of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and other antibodies, or is it clinical improvement? 2. During remission of SLE, do ANA and other antibodies disappear?

Cardiopulmonary Anatomy & Physiology

7th Edition

ISBN:9781337794909

Author:Des Jardins, Terry.

Publisher:Des Jardins, Terry.

Chapter5: The Anatomy And Physiology Of The Circulatory System

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8RQ: An increase in the number of which of the following suggests a bacterial infection? A. Lymphocytes...

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10. Following a rattiesnake bite, a patient is injected with horse anti-rattlesnake venom serum. Ten days later, he has general weakness, headaches, muscular and joint pains, and dark urine. Laboratory studies show proteinuria. Serum concentrations of immunoglobulins are within the reference range, but serum C3 and C4 concentrations are decreased. Which of the following is the most likely pathologic process? A) Anaphylactic reaction ( Dj Delayed hypersensitivity to horse proteins (✔ Formation of antigen-antibody complexes containing horse proteins and/human immunoglobulins Formation of antigen-antibody complexes containing snake venom proteins and horse antibody Systemic reaction to snake venom Senum Sichness туре !!! Суренийнis (CL
1. What are the general (basic) functions of antibodies relative to APS? Please include citation (s).
3. At what age or time in life does an individual acquire the antibodies against ABO antigensother than their own? 4. At what age or time in life does an individual acquire antibodies against Rh positive blood if their own blood type is Rh negative? How do you explain this? 5. Does the vial labeled anti-A antiserum contain whole blood? Explain. What about the vials labeled anti-B and anti-Rh antiserum? 6. What is erythroblastosis fetalis and what is the cause? What blood type must the mother, father and child be in order for this to occur?
5. Which of the following statements about neutrophils is correct? I. II. A. B. C. D. E. III. They kill pathogens by producing reactive oxygen species. They are cytotoxic cells that can eliminate pathogens by a mechanism called antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. They present antigens on class II MHC molecules. I only II only I and II only II and III only I, II and III
1. When the fibrinolytic factors is not regulated by the inhibitors of the fibrinolysis, what will happen? Explain in not more than 2 sentences. 2. Can the complement system act on a non-particulate substance? Why? 3. If the Mononuclear Phagocytic System (MPS) is considered scavengers in the body, what does PS do after fibrinolysis? 4. D-dimer screening test is important in disseminated vascular disorders (DIC) diagnosis. Why is this statement correct? or wrong? 5. Lupus anticoagulants (LA) prolong APTT results. Yes or No? Defend your answer.
2. Cite at least three disorders associated with: a. Intrinsic Pathway b. Extrinsic Pathway 3. Illustrate and label the different steps of Partial Thromboplastin Time
1. Match the following leukocytes (A-L) with the correct description (a-j). Each term should be used only once or it should not be used at all. (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) A. Mast cells B. Neutrophils C. Macrophages D. Eosinophils E. Monocytes F. Dendritic cells G. B cells H. Helper T cells I. Cytotoxic T cells J. Basophils K. Plasma cells L. Natural killer cells can perform phagocytosis and they are the most abundant type of leukocytes in the blood. are found in various tissues and release histamine and other chemicals involved in inflammation. are cytotoxic cells used for the killing of parasites are transformed into macrophages when they enter tissues. are antibody-producing cells. belong to the specific immune system and can kill virus-infected cells and cancer cells. have receptors consisting of two heavy chains and two light chains _can kill pathogens by phagocytosis and present peptide antigen fragments on MHC molecules. are found in the blood and are involved in allergic reactions. are…
Chapter 6. The organization and expression of lymphocyte receptor genes
3. Serum proteins that increase in concentration within 24 to 48 hours of the onset of infection or injury are called: A. antibodies B. immunoglobulins. C. gamma globulins D. acute-phase proteins 4. Which of the following can be measured as an indicator of inflammation? A. Body temperature B. Number of circulating leukocytes C. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 5. Acute-phase reactants are elevated in a patient's serum. What does this result, on its own, indicate about the patient? A. Inflammation of an unknown cause is present B. The patient has a leukemia but not a lymphoma. C. The patient has a bacterial infection. D. There is a parasiticfinfection and not a viral infection. 6. The phagosome of a macrophage is a membrane-bound vesicle that contains: A. enzymes A. reactive oxygen intermediates. B. ingested pathogens C. perforin and granzymes. 7. Macrophages recognize target cells using which of the following? A. MHC class I molecules B. Toll-like receptors
iii. How would you have to modify the diagram of IgG to depict serum IgM
16. The Type A Transferase enzyme, attaches N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) to H-antigen epitopes; the Type B Transferase enzyme instead transfers galactose (Gal) to the H-antigen. Individuals with Type A blood thus have at minimum one copy of the active Type A Transferase, those with Type B have at minimum one copy of the active Type B Transferase, those with Type AB have one active copy of each, those with Type O have neither. Imagine an AB individual who acquires a mutation in their Type B Transferase gene that allows it to be active with either Gal or GalNAc. Make sure to include a brief justification for your answer to each question below. a. What blood type antigens would this individual express? b. If this individual had a child with a normal O partner, what possible blood type antigens could the child express? c. If this individual had a child with a homozygous dominant B partner (BB), what possible blood type antigens could the child express?
6. What is an immunoglobulin? Describe the structure of an immunoglobulin molecule (light chain and heavy chain). ONLY ANSWER question (a) a. Explain the different actions of antibodies.