Briefly describe the molecular processes that cause one X chromosome in each female cell to be active and the other X chromosome to be inactivated.
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Briefly describe the molecular processes that cause one X chromosome
in each female cell to be active and the other X chromosome to be
inactivated.
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- Describe the molecular process of X-chromosome inactivation.This description should include the three phases of inactivationand the role of the Xic. Explain what happens to the X chromosomes during embryogenesis, in adult somatic cells, and duringoogenesis.In X-chromosome inactivation, when is the choice made as to which X chromosome is inactivated? Does this choice occur in embryonic cells, in adult somatic cells, or both?Describe/list the steps of how p53 can cause the Gl phase to stall.
- Why is X chromosome inactivation important in female cells? (300 word limit)Explain, through the use of an illustration, the role of the anaphase promoting complex (APC / P) in separating the sister chromatids during anaphase.Outline the molecular steps in the process of X-chromosomeinactivation (XCI). Which step plays a key role in choosing whichof the X chromosomes will remain active and which will beinactivated?
- Explain about inactivated X chromosome in female mammalian cells ?The oncogenic protein BETA promotes entry into the S phase of the cell cycle. Phosphorylation of BETA at the amino acid Tyr98 causes BETA to be degraded by the proteasome, thus limiting its abundance. A mutation in the codon encoding Tyr98 changes this residue to Cys, which cannot be phosphorylated. What is the best description of this mutant allele?a) antimorphb) hypermorphc) hypomorphd) amorphe) neomorphDuring cell division cycle, cells need to monitor the process of DNA replication and segregation of replicated DNA so that these processes are error-free. Some potential errors that could occur include incomplete DNA replication, DNA damage in genome, and uneven separation of replicated genome. These mechanisms that cells used to monitor these processes are referred as the "cell cycle checkpoint, which can control specific Cdk activity to regulate the progression of cell cycle. For the following checkpoint mechanisms, indicate which Cdk activity is attenuated? Also indicate one of the key proteins or protein complexes involved in the following checkpoints. a) DNA damage checkpoint during S-phase b) Mitotic checkpoint during M-phase