BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Textbook Question
Chapter 27.5, Problem 1LO
Describe the role of prokaryotes in biogeochemical cycling of elements.
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Only select prokaryotic organisms can harvest energy from food by oxidative phosphorylation, but can do this in the absence of oxygen. These organisms are using:
a) Aerobic respiration
b) Carbon fixation
c) Fermentation
d) Anaerobic respiration
e) Photophosphorylation
Explain how prokaryotes promote chemical recycling.
Which of the following statements is false regarding the electron donors in prokaryotic metabolism?
A) O The use of organic compounds as electron donors is known as chemo-organotrophy.
B) OLithotrophy refers to the use of inorganic molecules as electron sources.
C) O Photolysis of water provides electrons to phototrophic organisms such as cyanobacteria.
D) O Electrons can be obtained from inorganic chemicals such as H2S.
E) O Oxygen can serve as an electron donor.
Chapter 27 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 27.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 27.1 - Describe classification systems for prokaryotes.Ch. 27.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 27.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 27.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 27.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 27.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 27.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 27.4 - Describe the metabolic strategies employed by...
Ch. 27.4 - Compare and contrast the ways prokaryotes can...Ch. 27.5 - Describe the role of prokaryotes in biogeochemical...Ch. 27.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 27.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 27.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 27.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 27.6 - Prob. 3LOCh. 27 - Data analysis If the excision of an F plasmid Is...Ch. 27 - Prob. 1IQCh. 27 - Prob. 1UCh. 27 - A bacteria that obtains carbon from the atmosphere...Ch. 27 - Prob. 3UCh. 27 - Bacteria and archaebacteria may be distinguished...Ch. 27 - Prob. 5UCh. 27 - Prob. 6UCh. 27 - Prob. 7UCh. 27 - Prob. 1ACh. 27 - Prob. 2ACh. 27 - Prob. 3ACh. 27 - Prob. 4ACh. 27 - Prob. 5ACh. 27 - Some bacteria are capable of forming NH4+ from...Ch. 27 - Prob. 7ACh. 27 - Prob. 1SCh. 27 - Prob. 2SCh. 27 - Use of multiple antibiotics is not a bad idea if...Ch. 27 - Soil-based nitrogen-fixing bacteria appear to be...
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- Provide an example of an organism within each of the four main nutritional categories of microbes and describe how each obtains its essential nutrients. Provide evidence in support of or refuting the following statement: Microbial life can exist in the complete absence of both sunlight or organic nutrients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technology that requires high temperatures to reproduce DNA fragments. Explain why the discovery of thermophilic archaea and their associated DNA polymerases was critical to the success of this technique. Summarize how the electron transport chain functions to produce ATP in a bacterial cell versus eukaryotic cell. Explain whether or not the term chemiosmosis accurately illustrates this process.arrow_forwardExplain why eukaryotes cannot fix nitrogen.arrow_forwardGive examples of free-living and symbiotic nitrogen-fixing microorganisms. Are these prokaryotic or eukaryotic?arrow_forward
- Explain two ways in which archaea metabolize inorganiccompounds in extreme environments.arrow_forwardBiofuels offer an attractive alternative to fuel, but there are concerns about the resources and logistics of producing mass amounts of corn. Which organism is being considered as an alternative source of biofuel? A) cyanobacteria B) Escherichia coli C) yeast D) algaearrow_forwardWhich of the following types of organisms use an organic source of carbon? a photoautotroph a photoheterotroph a chemoautotroph and a chemoheterotroph a chemoautotropharrow_forward
- Atmospheric nitrogen can be useda) directly by all living organisms.b) only by aerobic bacteria.c) only by anaerobic bacteria.d) in symbiotic relationships between rhizobia and plants.e) in photosynthesis.arrow_forwardDescribe the characteristics of cyanobacteria, including how nitrogen-fixing species protect their nitrogenase enzyme from O2arrow_forward8) Biological catalysts involved in the acceleration of the rate of chemical reactions are called A) catalytic converters. B) growth agents . C) evolutionary molecules D) enzymes .arrow_forward
- Iron bacteria, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, and nitrifying bacteria, which all oxidize inorganic compounds through a series of chemical reactions, are best described as O 1) photoheterotrophs 2) chemoheterotrophs O 3) chemolithotrophs. O 4) photoautotrophs 5) chemoautotrophs.arrow_forwardIs oxygen a requirement for the growth of all organisms? Describe the following in terms of oxygen need.arrow_forwardComment briefly on the usefulness to organisms of feedback control mechanisms in long biosynthetic pathwaysarrow_forward
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