In a reaction involving the iodination of acetone, the following volumes were used to make up the reaction mixture:
a. How many moles of acetone were in the reaction mixture? Recall that, for a component A, moles
__________ moles acetone
b. What was the molarity of acetone in the reaction mixture? The volume of the mixture was 50 mL, 0.050 L, and the number of moles of acetone was found in Part (a). Again,
__________ M acetone
c. How could you double the molarity of the acetone in the reaction mixture, keeping the total volume at 50 mL and keeping the same concentrations of
(a)
Interpretation:
The reaction of iodination of acetone, forms a reaction mixture;
The moles of acetone are present in the reaction mixture should be determined.
Concept Introduction:
Mole is the amount of the substance that contains the same number of particles or atoms or molecules. Molar mass is defined as an average mass of atoms present in the chemical formula. It is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms present in the chemical formula of any compound.
Answer to Problem 1ASA
Moles of acetone = 0.02 mol
Explanation of Solution
Given information:
Molarity of acetone = 4 M
Molarity of HCl = 1M
Molarity of I2 = 0.0050 M
Volume of acetone = 5 mL
Volume of HCl = 10 mL
Volume of I2 = 10 mL
Volume of H2O = 25 mL
The calculation of moles of acetone is shown below:
(b)
Interpretation:
The reaction of iodination of acetone, forms a reaction mixture;
The molarity of acetone in the reaction mixture should be determined when volume of mixture is 50 mL
Concept Introduction:
Mole is the amount of the substance that contains the same number of particles or atoms or molecules. Molar mass is defined as an average mass of atoms present in the chemical formula. It is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms present in the chemical formula of any compound.
The ratio of moles to the volume in liters is known as molarity.
Answer to Problem 1ASA
Molarity of acetone = 0.4 M
Explanation of Solution
Given information:
Molarity of acetone = 4 M
Molarity of HCl = 1M
Molarity of I2 = 0.0050 M
Volume of acetone = 5 mL
Volume of HCl = 10 mL
Volume of I2 = 10 mL
Volume of H2O = 25 mL
The calculation of molarity of acetone is shown below:
(c)
Interpretation:
The reaction of iodination of acetone, forms a reaction mixture;
Keeping the total volume and concentration of H+ and I2 remains same; predict how the molarity of aceteone should be doubled.
Concept Introduction:
Mole is the amount of the substance that contains the same number of particles or atoms or molecules. Molar mass is defined as an average mass of atoms present in the chemical formula. It is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms present in the chemical formula of any compound.
Answer to Problem 1ASA
Explanation of Solution
If concentration of H+ and I2 remains the same then decreases the volume of H2O by 15 mL and increases the initial concentration of acetone with volume by 15 mL.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 20 Solutions
Chemical Principles in the Laboratory
- According to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), waste material is classified as toxic and must be handled as hazardous if the lead concentration exceeds 5 mg/L. By adding chloride ion, the lead ion will precipitate as PbCl2, which can be separated from the liquid portion. Once the lead has been removed, the rest of the waste can be sent to a conventional waste treatment facility. How many grams of sodium chloride must be added to 500 L of a waste solution to reduce the concentration of the Pb2+ ion from 10 to 5 mg/L?arrow_forwardSimple acids such as formic acid, HCOOH, and acetic acid, CH3COOH, are very soluble in water; however, fatty acids such as stearic acid, CH3(CH2)16COOH, and palmitic acid, CH3(CH2)14COOH, are water-insoluble. Based on what you know about the solubility of alcohols, explain the solubility of these organic acids.arrow_forwardConsider the reaction A → 2 B. Initially 1.50 mol A is present and no B. What are the amounts of A and B when the extent of reaction is 0.60 mol?arrow_forward
- The solubility product constant for a certain metal phosphate, M3(PO4)2 is Ksp = 5.2 × 10−27. Its molar mass is ℳ = 324.38 g/mol. What is its solubility in g/L? Report your answer to TWO significant figures. Enter your answer in scientific notation using the appropriate boxes. Remember, a number like 1.6, in scientific notation is 1.6 × 100. Note: Your answer is assumed to be reduced to the highest power possible.arrow_forwardThe slightly soluble salt Strontium iodate, Sr(IO3) 2 , dissolves in water as follows: Sr(IO3)2 = Sr2+ + 2 IO3. The solubility is 1.3 grams per liter (g/L). What is the value of Ksp? (Note: this compound is not found in your Ksp table.) Ο 1.8 x 05 O 2.6 x 10-8 О8.8 х 10-6 O 8.8 О 1.1 х 10-7arrow_forwardConstruct the reaction table for mixing 52.0 mL of 0.110 M AgNO3 and 88.0 mL of 0.180 M K₂CrO4. See the Solubility Product Constant Table. Enter the net ionic equation. (Use the lowest possible coefficients. Include states-of-matter under the given conditions in your answer.) chemPad → Help X₁X² =+ 2AgNO3(aq) + K₂CrO4(aq) → Ag₂ (CrO4) (s) + 2KNO3(aq) 2AgNO_3(aq) + K_2CrO_4(aq) --> Ag_2(CrO_4)(s) + 2KNO_3(aq) Your answer does not indicate a reaction equilibrium where one exists. Reaction Table initial change Greek final 4.0 5.72 4.0✔ cation 4.0 (a) What mass of precipitate forms? 4.0✔ g mmol mmol mmol + 4.0 15.8 4.0✔ anion 4.0✔ mmol mmol mmol (b) What is the concentration of the excess reactant at equilibrium? (Please answer to 3 sig figs, even if your question version has 2 sig figs.) M 4.0✔ 4.00 4.0✓ precipitate 4.0✔ mmol mmol mmol (c) What is the concentration of the limiting reactant at equilibrium? (The answer is NOT zero. Please use Ksp to calculate this.) 4.0 Marrow_forward
- The solubility product constant for a certain metal phosphate, M3(PO4)2 is Ksp = 2.1 × 10−27. Its molar mass is ℳ = 279.04 g/mol. What is its solubility in g/L? Report your answer to TWO significant figures. Enter your answer in scientific notation using the appropriate boxes. Remember, a number like 1.6, in scientific notation is 1.6 × 100.arrow_forwardWrite the balanced molecular chemical equation for the reaction in aqueous solution for cesium carbonate and magnesium nitrate. If no reaction occurs, write NR. CS2CO3 + Mg(NO3)2 →2 CSNO3 + M9CO3 04 02+03+ 4+ 3 6. 7 8. 6. 0. 口3||□4 Os 19 10 (s) (1) (g) (aq) Mg Mn N NR Cs 69°F O pe here to search 4- 2.arrow_forwardAluminum in the Al3 + form can be precipitated as Al (OH) 3, adding ammonia to an aluminum solution, but the precipitate is usually gelatinous and difficult to filter. Precipitation from a homogeneous solution provides a more filterable precipitate. The reaction used in this process is the hydrolysis of urea: (image attached) Suppose this reaction occurs in a 100.00 mL solution with an initial Al3 + concentration of 1.50x10-3 mol / L. How many moles of urea must be hydrolyzed to supply enough hydroxide to stoichiometrically combine Al3 + and form the precipitate Al (OH) 3?arrow_forward
- Consider the reaction: Al(NO3)3 (aq) + MgCl2 (aq) ➝ AlCl3 (aq) + Mg(NO3)2 (aq). You mix together 25.0 mL of 0.85 M Al(NO3)3 and 25.0 mL of 0.90 M MgCl2 in the lab. What will the final concentration of aluminum chloride be?arrow_forward(LO 4H, 4K, 4N) Classify the type of chemical reaction for Oboth redox and combustion acid-base combustion Ⓒredox combination CH3OH (1) + 2O2(g) → CO₂ (g) + 2H₂O(g)arrow_forwardUse your knowledge about solubility rules and reactions to write (1) a balanced chemical equation (molecular equation), (2) a total ionic equation, and (3) a net ionic equation for the reactions below. Include the appropriate phase for each species. Do your experimental observations match your predictions? (I) Mg(NO3)2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) →arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning