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DNA consists of subunits called_________. Each subunit consists of three parts:________,________, and_________.
To review:
The given blank space in the statement, “deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) consists of subunits called ______. Each subunit consists of three parts: ____, _____, and _____.
Introduction:
DNA is a molecule which carries of genetic information in all living organisms except few viruses. DNA is a double helix structure formed by base pairs attached to a sugar-phosphate backbone. DNA is wrapped around a protein complex known as histones which further forms chromatin. This complex and organized structure is as a nucleosome in a eukaryotic cell.
Explanation of Solution
Nucleotide: Nucleotides are those organic biomolecules which act as a monomer for building up a long chain of DNA. It is a building block of nucleic acids. Nucleotide is composed of three subunits, namely, a sugar (pentose sugar), nitrogenous bases, and a phosphate group. When a nucleoside attaches with a phosphate group it then forms a nucleotide.
In case of ribonucleic acid (RNA), the pentose sugar is a ribose sugar while in case of DNA sugar is deoxyribose. The pentose sugar structurally lacks an oxygen atom from its two carbon position, thus named as deoxyribose.
Phosphate group: This group is chemically derived from phosphoric acid. When attached to the pentose sugar form a nucleotide. The linkage between the two nucleotides is helped by the phosphate group via a phosphodiester linkage.
Bases: Nitrogenous bases consist of nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen in their homocyclic and heterocyclic rings. There exist five types of bases: adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil (in case of RNA). They form a strand in a double-helical structure of DNA. Their stability is directed by hydrogen bondings.
DNA consists of subunits called nucleotide. Each subunit consists of three parts: pentose sugar, a phosphate group, and nitrogenous bases.
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Chapter 11 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth
- DNA contains _________ polynucleotide strands, each composed of _________ kinds of nucleotides. (Provide two numbers.)arrow_forwardThe fragment of DNA in replication are called______fragments.arrow_forwardDNA polymerase knows what nucleotide add next because it reads the ______________ strand.arrow_forward
- What is the smallest unit of DNA is called ________?arrow_forwardDNA synthesis always occurs starting at the _____________ end and moving toward the ______ end.arrow_forwardDuring DNA replication, half of the strand is conserved in the new molecules cteated. This is called ___________ replication.arrow_forward
- If the sequence of one strand on DNA is… CTA GCT CCAits complementary strand will be… _____________arrow_forwardDNA pol III synthesizes the leading strand as a continuous strand. The lagging strands are synthesized in segments, called __________arrow_forwardThe structure of DNA requires the pairing of base A to ___________ and base G to ___________.arrow_forward
- When the dna is relaxed in the cell and is all stringy and evenly spread throughout the nucleus, we call it _________arrow_forwardChromatin Exists in _________ and ___________ Forms.arrow_forwardWhen DNA is replicated, two new DNA double helices areformed, each consisting of one parental strand and onenew, daughter strand. For this reason, DNA replication iscalled________ .arrow_forward
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning