Principles of Modern Chemistry
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079113
Author: David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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The binary hydrogen compounds of the Group 4A elements and their boiling points are: CH4, –162ºC; SiH4, –112ºC; GeH4, –88ºC; and SnH4, –52ºC. Explain the increase in boiling points from CH4 to SnH4.
a) How does the boiling point
change from top to bottom
in group 6A elements (o, S,
Se, Te)? b) The boiling point
of water should be -100 °C,
but +100 °C. How would you
explain this situation?
Which compound or element has the lowest boiling point: Cl 2, KI, or LiF?
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- For the carbon and nitrogen family hydrides, we have the following boiling points: Carbon Family,C Nitrogen Family,C CH4, 164 NH3, 33 SiH4, 112 PH3, 88 GeH4, 88 AsH3, 55 SnH4, 52 SbH3, 17 Account for the following: a The general trend in the boiling points of the binary hydrides. b The unusual boiling point of ammonia. c The observation that the nitrogen family hydrides have boiling points that are notably higher than those of the carbon family.arrow_forwardWhich of the following set of compounds form an ionic solid, a molecular solid, and a covalent network solid, in that order? (A) Na2O, Na2O2, SiO2; (B) Na2O, MgO, Al2O3; (C) BaO, BaO2, CO2; (D) CaO, SO2, SiO2;arrow_forwardFor pairs of molecules in the gas phase, average H-bond dissociation energies are 17 kJ/mol for NH₃, 22 kJ/mol for H₂O,and 29 kJ/mol for HF. Explain this increase in H-bond strength.arrow_forward
- Would you expect the boiling points to increase or decrease in the following series? Explain. (a) Kr, Ar, Ne (b) Cl2, Br2, I2arrow_forwardWhich type of intermolecular force accounts for each ofthese differences? (a) CH3OH boils at 65 °C; CH3SH boils at6 °C. (b) Xe is a liquid at atmospheric pressure and 120 K,whereas Ar is a gas under the same conditions. (c) Kr,atomic weight 84 amu, boils at 120.9 K, whereas Cl2, molecularweight about 71 amu, boils at 238 K. (d) Acetone boilsat 56 °C, whereas 2-methylpropane boils at -12 °C.arrow_forwardA 2.80−g sample of water is injected into an evacuated 6.00−L flask at 65.0°C. What percentage of water will be vapor when the system reaches equilibrium? Assume ideal behavior of water vapor and that the volume of liquid water is negligible. The vapor pressure of water at 65.0°C is 187.5 mmHg.arrow_forward
- Identify the set that contains compounds that form an ionic solid, a molecular solid, and a covalent- network solid. (A) Li2O, B203, BeO; (B) SiO2, P4010, Cl207; (C) Al203, P406, SIO2; (D) CO2, SiO2, GeO2;arrow_forwardWhy is N2 a gas at room temperature? Explain why lowering the temperature allows for liquid N2 to form.arrow_forward8- Arrange the following compound according in increasing melting point:, explain please KCl, He, H₂O, HFarrow_forward
- How does the sea-of-electrons model explain the high electrical conducitivity of gold ?arrow_forwardExplain the phase diagram of CaO-MgO.arrow_forward1) (a) what is meant by the term polarizability? (b) Which of the following atoms would you expect to be most polarizable: O, S, Se, or Te? Explain. (c) Put the following molecules in order of increasing polarizability: GeCl4, CH4, SiCl4, SiH4, and GeBr4. (d) Predict the order of boiling points of the substances in part (c).arrow_forward
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