You want to understand how the density of P-selectin in blood vessel walls affects the rolling interactions of neutrophils when they are subjected to hydrodynamic drag forces in the blood. You introduce P-selectin into a synthetic lipid bilayer and attach it to a glass slide mounted in a flow chamber. This arrangement allows you to measure neutrophil attachment at different densities of P-selectin and at different flow rates. At high densities, from 30 to 400 P-selectin molecules per µm², the neutrophils attached to the membrane and rolled very slowly and jerkily in the direction of the flow (see cell 1 in the figure). At the same flow rate, but at a density of 15 P-selectins per µm², the neutrophils behaved differently: they either moved at the flow rate of the medium or were transiently tethered-horizontal lines marked by t-before moving again (cell 2 in the figure). Neutrophils showed this same behavior at a density of 1 P-selectins per μm² and half the flow rate: moving at the flow rate or transiently tethering (cell 3 in the figure). When the bilayer surface was treated with an antibody against P-selectin, no tethering occurred. What is the point of doing the experiments with and without antibody against P-selectin? cell displacement (μm) 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1 cell 2 cell 3 cell 1 2 time (seconds) 15 P-selectins/μm² 1 P-selectin/μm² 30 P-selectins/um² 5 (Adapted from R. Alon, D.A. Hammer and T.A. Springer, Nature 374:539-542, 1995.) Choose one: OA. Experiments with antibodies test if neutrophil tethering is due to P-selectins in the bilayer. O B. Experiments without antibodies test if P-selectins on neutrophils can bind the lipid bilayer. O C. Experiments without antibodies test whether neutrophils can bind to lipids in the bilayer. O D. Experiments with antibodies test if P-selectins in neutrophils cause them to bind the bilayer.
You want to understand how the density of P-selectin in blood vessel walls affects the rolling interactions of neutrophils when they are subjected to hydrodynamic drag forces in the blood. You introduce P-selectin into a synthetic lipid bilayer and attach it to a glass slide mounted in a flow chamber. This arrangement allows you to measure neutrophil attachment at different densities of P-selectin and at different flow rates. At high densities, from 30 to 400 P-selectin molecules per µm², the neutrophils attached to the membrane and rolled very slowly and jerkily in the direction of the flow (see cell 1 in the figure). At the same flow rate, but at a density of 15 P-selectins per µm², the neutrophils behaved differently: they either moved at the flow rate of the medium or were transiently tethered-horizontal lines marked by t-before moving again (cell 2 in the figure). Neutrophils showed this same behavior at a density of 1 P-selectins per μm² and half the flow rate: moving at the flow rate or transiently tethering (cell 3 in the figure). When the bilayer surface was treated with an antibody against P-selectin, no tethering occurred. What is the point of doing the experiments with and without antibody against P-selectin? cell displacement (μm) 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1 cell 2 cell 3 cell 1 2 time (seconds) 15 P-selectins/μm² 1 P-selectin/μm² 30 P-selectins/um² 5 (Adapted from R. Alon, D.A. Hammer and T.A. Springer, Nature 374:539-542, 1995.) Choose one: OA. Experiments with antibodies test if neutrophil tethering is due to P-selectins in the bilayer. O B. Experiments without antibodies test if P-selectins on neutrophils can bind the lipid bilayer. O C. Experiments without antibodies test whether neutrophils can bind to lipids in the bilayer. O D. Experiments with antibodies test if P-selectins in neutrophils cause them to bind the bilayer.
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood
Chapter11: The Blood
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 3SQE
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Transcribed Image Text:You want to understand how the density of P-selectin in blood vessel walls affects the rolling interactions of neutrophils when they are
subjected to hydrodynamic drag forces in the blood. You introduce P-selectin into a synthetic lipid bilayer and attach it to a glass slide
mounted in a flow chamber. This arrangement allows you to measure neutrophil attachment at different densities of P-selectin and at
different flow rates.
At high densities, from 30 to 400 P-selectin molecules per µm², the neutrophils attached to the membrane and rolled very slowly and
jerkily in the direction of the flow (see cell 1 in the figure). At the same flow rate, but at a density of 15 P-selectins per µm², the
neutrophils behaved differently: they either moved at the flow rate of the medium or were transiently tethered-horizontal lines
marked by t-before moving again (cell 2 in the figure). Neutrophils showed this same behavior at a density of 1 P-selectins
per μm² and half the flow rate: moving at the flow rate or transiently tethering (cell 3 in the figure).
When the bilayer surface was treated with an antibody against P-selectin, no tethering occurred. What is the point of doing the
experiments with and without antibody against P-selectin?
cell displacement (μm)
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1
cell 2
cell 3
cell 1
2
time (seconds)
15 P-selectins/μm²
1 P-selectin/μm²
30 P-selectins/um²
5
(Adapted from R. Alon, D.A. Hammer and T.A. Springer, Nature 374:539-542, 1995.)
Choose one:
O A. Experiments with antibodies test if neutrophil tethering is due to P-selectins in the bilayer.
O B. Experiments without antibodies test if P-selectins on neutrophils can bind the lipid bilayer.
O C. Experiments without antibodies test whether neutrophils can bind to lipids in the bilayer.
O D. Experiments with antibodies test if P-selectins in neutrophils cause them to bind the bilayer.
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