You have just started a rigorous exercise. Explain two different ways you can increase blood flow to your skeletal muscle (one must reflect upon changes in cardiac output and the other on a change in resistance)
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You have just started a rigorous exercise. Explain two different ways you can increase blood flow to your skeletal muscle (one must reflect upon changes in cardiac output and the other on a change in resistance)
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- Use the Karvonen formula to calculate the target heart rate at 65% intensity for a 70-year-old client who has a resting heart rate of 80 beats per minute. Discuss why it is important to be able to accurately predict training and maximum heart rates for your clients.In conditioned athletes, the resting Heart Rate is generally much lower than in non-athletes. Why? a-because long-term exercise reduces Cardiac Output at rest to conserve energy b-because athletes have a smaller Stroke Volume at rest, causing Heart Rate to decrease as well c-because long-term exercise leads to increased vagal tone which slows Heart Rate d-because athletes have stronger ventricles and therefore a larger Stroke Volume at rest, so they require fewer bpm to achieve the same Cardiac OutputExercise-induced stress increases cardiac output and vasoconstriction, so why does the amplitude of the pulse change the way it does (compare this to what happens during the dive response)?
- Make a list of the different physiological equations: Cardiac Output (Q) = Fick Equation for VO2 = Pulse Pressure (PP) =Discuss the regulation of cardiac output during exercise.Consider a person standing up from a supine position. How do each of the following parameters change in the first seconds after standing compared to what they were at rest, before they return to normal set point? Total Peripheral Resistance (TPR) Venous Return End Diastolic Volume (EDV) Stroke Volume Heart Rate Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) [Choose ] ✓ [Choose ] No change Decrease Increase [Choose ] [Choose ] [Choose ]
- You are wisely including a number of cardiovascular-based training routines to help a competitive frisbee athlete. The athlete writes you an email wondering why they need to do so much running and cardio-based circuits in practice? Respond to the athlete by answering how cardiovascular training impacts: 1. Changes to blood components 2. Changes to blood vessels / blood pressureBelow are drawings of three different action potentials. Two of these occur in the heart, and one occurs in skeletal muscle. Which one comes from a contractile cardiac muscle cell? A skeletal muscle cell? A cardiac pacemaker cell? For each one, state which ion is responsible for the depolarization phase and which ion is responsible for the repolarization phase.Describe the physiology behind the change in blood pressure and heart rate change after exercise
- Sue goes to the gym and after an initial warm-up, she increases her exercise level pushing herself to maximum. At this point her heart rate is 175 beats/min and her stroke volume is 135 ml/beat. What is her cardiac output now? At this point, by how many ml/min has her CO increased over her resting CO? What % increase over resting is this? (Use the following equation). amount of increase in CO in ml/min % increase = _____________ X 100% original CO (resting) ml/min What term is used to describe this increase in CO?You have been tasked with helping train your local competitive ultimate frisbee team. you are wisely including a number of cardiovascular-based training routines to help their performance. One at athlete asks why they need to do so much running and cardiovascular-based circuits in practice? Respond to the question by saying how Cardiovascular training impacts: 1. Changes to blood components 2. changes to blood vessels/ blood pressureDescribe the redistribution of cardiac output during exercise to the CNS, coronary, splanchnic, cutaneous, and skeletal muscle vascular beds during sustained exercise (distance running).