You are performing an aqueous extraction, and you forget which layer is the organic layer and which is the aqueous layer. What is the best way to solve this problem? a. Add a small amount of sodium sulfate - if it dissolves, the layer is water. b. Remove all the solvents via rotary evaporation and start again. c. Pick the top layer, as this is always the organic layer. d. Smell the two layers to see which one is an organic solvent.

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Micelles and Biological Membrane

Micelles are the type of lipid molecules that organize themselves in spherical shape in aqueous solutions. The production of the micelle is a reply to the amphipathic behavior of fatty acids. It means that they consist of both hydrophobic regions and hydrophilic regions. In micelles, polar head groups (hydrophilic groups) produce an outer layer associated with water whereas nonpolar tails (hydrophobic groups) are organized in the interior.