You are asked to model an oligopoly market with the following characteristics: firms produce an undifferentiated product, choose quantities sequentially, and let the market determine the price. Which oligopoly model would best predict actual behavior in this market?
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- Oligopoly is a market structure in which only a few enterprises can prevent the others from exerting considerable influence. The concentration ratio is a measure of the largest companies' market share. One firm is a monopoly, two firms are a duopoly, and two or more firms are an oligopoly. The number of firms in an oligopoly has no definite upper limit, but it must be small enough that the activities of one firm have a considerable impact on the others. Steel corporations, oil companies, railways, tyre companies, grocery store chains, and cellular providers have all been oligopolies in the past. An oligopoly, according to economic and legal concerns, can stifle new entrants, limit innovation, and raise prices, all of which affect consumers. Instead of collecting prices from the market, firms in an oligopoly determine pricing, whether collectively (in a cartel) or under the leadership of a single enterprise. As a result, profit margins are higher than in a more competitive market.…Suppose we have the "classic" Cournot duopoly model, with a linear demand curve P = a - bQ And two firms which are identical, each with total costs TC(q) = c + dq. (a) What is the market price in the Cournot equilibrium and what profit is earned by an individual firm?(b) Compare individual quantity, market quantity, market price, individual profits and consumer surplus ( show it in a graph) to the outcomes of this market were a monopoly. Comment on your results. Show all the steps of the calculationUsing suitable graphs, briefly explain the behavior and basic characteristics of following oligopoly modelsa) Sweezy oligopoly modelb) Cournot oligopoly modelc) Stackelberg oligopoly modeld) Bertrand oligopoly modelProvide a real -world example of a market that approximates each oligopoly setting, and explain your reasoninge) Cournot oligopoly modelf) Stackelberg oligopoly modelg) Bertrand oligopoly model
- The French economist Antoine Cournot developed an interesting model of competition in an oligopoly that now bears his name. In a Cournot oligopoly, all of the firms know that the total output from all firms will determine the price (based on the downward-sloping market demand curve), but they make independent and simultaneous decisions about how much output to produce. Cournot developed this model after observing how a spring water duopoly (two firms) behaved. So let’s look at a duopoly example.For each firm to decide how much to produce, it must make a guess about how much the other firm is going to produce. Also, the firms basically assume that once the other firm has decided how much to produce, it can’t really change its decision.Here’s an example. Suppose the market demand curve for gallons of fresh spring water looks like the one below and, to keep things simple, the marginal cost of spring water is zero. If Firm X believes that Firm Y is going to produce 100 gallons of spring…Which of the following scenarios is a negative example of an oligopoly? Wireless phone companies have nearly eliminated standard cell phones, forcing consumers to buy smartphones. Soft drink companies offer several choices to consumers, including regular, diet, zero sugar, and accent flavors such as cherry or lemon. Automobile companies continue to improve vehicles and invent new features to appeal to consumers. Fast-food chains keep prices low to entice consumers.An Oligopoly has [Select] producer(s), products are [ Select ] it is [Select ] to enter the market, and producers in an oligopoly have [Select] control over prices.
- One of the predictions of the oligopoly model is that: non-price competition is uncommon and price-cutting competition among rivals is common. prices tend to remain relatively stable despite short-run fluctuations in market demand. the firms' costs of production (raw material, labor, advertising) remain constant over time. only one buyer (monopsony) will result in the long run. MacBook Pro G Search or type URL * 23 3 41 5 6 7 8. Y U W E tab G s lockWhy oligopoly firm earns abnormal profit in the long run, while a competitive firm earns normal profit only?Cooperation among oligopolies runs counter to the public interest because it leads to underproduction and high prices. In an effort to bring resource allocation closer to the social optimum, public officials attempt to force oligopolies to compete instead of cooperating. Consider the following scenario: Suppose that the leaders of several oil corporations hold a secret meeting in the Cayman Islands where they agree to restrict fuel output in order to boost prices. As a result of the higher fuel prices, an airline company loses billions of dollars. This airline company could recover three times the damages it has sustained by suing the appropriate oil corporations under which of the following laws? O The Robinson-Patman Act of 1936 O The Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890 O The Celler-Kefauver Act of 1950 O The Clayton Act of 1914
- A duopoly faces an inverse market demand of: p= 390 - 341 - 392. You are told that firm 1 is the leader and firm 2 is the follower. Otherwise the firms are identical, each with a constant marginal cost of $90. What oligopoly model will you use to analyze this market? The Stackelberg model At the Nash equilibrium, firm 1 will produce 60.0 units. (Round your answer to one decimal place.) At the Nash equilibrium, firm 2 will produce 30.0 units. (Round your answer to one decimal place.)What is the best example of an oligopolistic market? Question 4 options: Government monopoly on postal services. Foreign exchange market. Restaurant business with thousands of competing companies. Fourteen biggest car manufacturers.What are the main features of oligopoly market structure ?
