Which solvent is most often used in allylic and benzylic bromination reactions, which both proceed via radical intermediates? CH3CI O CH₂Cl2 CHC13 CC14
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- Peroxides are often added to free-radical reactions as initiators because the oxygen–oxygen bond cleaves homolytically rather easily. For example, the bond-dissociation enthalpy of the O¬O bond in hydrogen peroxide (H¬O¬O¬H) is only 213 kJ>mol (51 kcal>mol). Give a mechanism for the hydrogen peroxide-initiated reaction of cyclopentane with chlorine. The BDE for HO¬Cl is 210 kJ>mol (50 kcal>mol).methanol + CH3OH Suppose you were told that the above reaction was a substitution reaction but you were not told the mechanism. Evaluate the following categories to determine the reaction mechanism and then draw the structure of the major organic product. Type of alkyl halide: Type of nucleophile: Solvent: Is the product racemic?The following reaction follows a free radical mechanism. Write the mechanism for the reaction showing how the two products are formed. Include the initiation and termination steps and important intermediates. Br₂, hv (light) H Br + HBr
- What are the products and mechanisms for each reaction?The reaction of bromomethane with azide ion (N3-) in methanol is a typical SN2 reaction. What happens to the rate of the reaction if [N3-] is doubled?Which chlorination product is formed via the lowest energy transition state in the rate-determining step? + CI-CI de .CI O All radical chlorinations require the same activation energies.
- 46. The Strength of Nucleophile: Which one is the strongest nucleophile? OH (B) 0-CH, -CH, (D) O (C) O (A) O (D) O (B)The reaction of tert-butyl bromide with azide ion (N3-) in methanol is a typical SN1 reaction. What happens to the rate of the reaction if [N3-] is doubled?Tributyltin hydride (Bu3SnH) is used synthetically to reduce alkyl halides, replacing a halogen atom with hydrogen. Free-radical initiators promote this reaction, and free-radical inhibitors are known to slow or stop it. Your job is todevelop a mechanism,
- Br Brz CH3 CH3 H3C CH2CI2 H3C Br Electrophilic addition of bromine, Br2; to alkenes yields a 1,2-dibromoalkane. The reaction proceeds through a cyclic intermediate known as a bromonium ion. The reaction occurs in an anhydrous solvent such as CH,Cl). In the second step of the reaction, bromide is the nucleophile and attacks at one of the carbons of the bromonium ion to yield the product. Due to steric clashes, the bromide ion always attacks the carbon from the opposite face of the bromonium ion so that a product with anti stereochemistry is formed. Draw curved arrows to show the movement of electrons in this step of the mechanism. Arrow-pushing Instructions Br: :Br: .CH3 H3C H3C CH3 Br:The reaction product below is a vinyl halide. Considering the vinyl halide formation reaction, what happens to the reaction rate if the hydrogen halide concentration is doubled and the hydrocarbon concentration remains constant? doubles the speed of vinyl halide formation quadruples the rate of formation of vinyl halide triples the speed of formation of vinyl halide doubles the rate of hydrogen halide formation nahPericyclic Reactions: Convert 1a to 1b Indicate what type of reactions and mechanisms occured in each step. Indicate reagents/conditions.