Which of the following statements regarding Darwin and his theory of evolution is false? Darwin proposed that species adapt over time Darwin proposed that natural selection produces changes in species over time Darwin noticed that South American species of birds more closely resembled species found in other temperate regions than a European species of birds Darwin was the original and sole developer of the theory of natural selection
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Which of the following statements regarding Darwin and his theory of evolution is false?
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- Which observation is NOT an evidence for Darwin's theory of common descent? O There are biogeographic patterns in the distributionof species, for instance distinct bird species on an island tend to resemble. O There are common stages in the early embryological development of organisms representing several distinct vertebrate groups. O Anatomical structures, such as forelimbs, in different groups appear to be modified versions of structures that might have been present in a common ancestor. O Due to innate drive to improve, parts that are extensively used becomes larger and stronger and passed on to the next generation as seen on fossil records.Define the concept of natural selection in your ownwords, and explain how it follows logically from a fewcommon observations of nature.. Some scientists vigorously rejected Darwin’sideas when On the Origin of Species was published. Richard Owen (1860), perhaps the mostrespected biologist in England, wrote (amongmany other objections): “Are all the recognisedorganic forms of the present date, so differentiated, so complex, so superior to conceivableprimordial simplicity of form and structure,as to testify to the effects of Natural Selectioncontinuously operating through untold time?Unquestionably not. The most numerous livingbeings … are precisely those which offer suchsimplicity of form and structure, as best agrees…with that ideal prototype from which…vegetableand animal life might have diverged.” Howmight Darwin, or you, argue against Owen’slogic?
- House sparrows (Maya) were introduced to North America in 1852. Since that time thesparrows have evolved different characteristics in different locations. Sparrow populations inthe north are larger-bodied than sparrow populations in the south. This divergence inpopulations is probably at least partly a result of natural selection: larger-bodied birds canoften survive lower temperatures than smaller-bodied birds can. Colder weather in the northmay select for larger-bodied birds. What type of evolution based on natural selectionaccounts for this observation? Explain your answer.Which of the following are important ideas used by Darwin were based on views expressed by Lamarck? (Choose all that apply) Hint: review slide presentation which provides more detail than textbook O Changes that an organism acquires during its lifetime are passed to its offspring "acquired traits". D all species change through time Organisms change in response to their environment. New characteristics are passed from one generation to the next.Imagine that you are an evolutionary biologist currenyly studying a particular species of snake on an island off the coast of Durban, South Africa and that you have information indicating that1000 years ago, the same species of snakes in that island was observed to exist in a variety of colours (Red blue,yellow green) and that most of the snakes were blue. This same species of snakes and the same mixof colours were also found on the mainland (i.e Kwazulu Natal) Assuming that all the snakes are descended from an ancestral blue snake, explain this change in colour frequency (evolution) as though it were based solely on each of the following processes. a. Natural selection b. Bottleneck effect c. Founder effect
- Which of the following doe snot provide evidence for evolution? O natural selection O vestigial structures O fossil record homologous structuresConsider Theodosius Dobzhansky’s remark, “Nothing in biologymakes sense except in the light of evolution.” Why is evolution soimportant to the field of biology? Give some specific examples of howthe theory of evolution helps us to make sense of biology.n of Species: Lizards in an Evolutionary Tree tion: Lizards in an evolutionary tree. Laylinn molinar Per 3_ In what environment is long leg length an advantage for a lizard? e) Why have anoles evolved different toe pads? 3) Does evolution happen quickly or slowly? Does it happen at the leve population? 4) Why is a change in dewlap considered an important step in the forma 5) What is the difference between microevolution and macroevolution?
- Recent reconstructions of evolutionary history are often dependenton assigning divergence in terms of changes in amino acid ornucleotide sequences. For example, a comparison of cytochromec shows 10 amino acid differences between humans and dogs,24 differences between humans and moths, and 38 differencesbetween humans and yeast. Such data provide no information asto the absolute times of divergence for humans, dogs, moths, andyeast. How might one calibrate the molecular clock to an absolutetime clock? What problems might one encounter in such acalibration?List the three categories of observations made by Darwinthat support evolution by natural selection.Comparedto a hypothesis, a scientific theory is usually more general and substantiated by amuch greater amount of evidence. Natural selection is an explanatory idea thatapplies to all kinds of organisms and is supported by vast amounts of evidence ofvarious kinds.