Which of the following is true: O The BSM model combined with the put call parity can be used to give the theoretical price of an American put option. One of the variables that influences the price of the option is the expected return on the stock. Since dividends could trigger an early exercise of an American call, the BSM formula dividend adjustment will provide the correct price of an American call. The BSM formula requires cumulative probabilities from the lognormal distribution. The BSM model may be used with currency options by replacing the dividend yield with the foreign interest rate.
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- When the Black-Scholes and binomial tree models are used to value an option on a non- dividend-paying stock, which of the following is true? O The binomial tree price converges to a price above the Black-Scholes price as the number of time steps is increased O The binomial tree price converges to a price below the Black-Scholes price as the number of time steps is increased The binomial tree price converges to the Black-Scholes price as the number of time steps is increased O None of these ◄ Previous Next ▸In a binomial option pricing model, when moving from valuing an option on a non-dividend paying stock to an index option which of the following is true for estimating uptick probability P? O The risk-free rate be replaced by the excess of the foreign risk-free rate over the domestic risk-free rate when p is calculated. O The formula for u changes. O The risk-free rate is replaced by the excess of the domestic risk-free rate over the dividend yield for discounting. O The risk-free rate is replaced by the excess of the domestic risk-free rate over the foreign risk-free rate in all calculations.Which of the following statements is true? A. Because of flotation costs, dollars raised by retaining earnings must work harder than dollars raised by selling new shares. B. All other things being equal, a call option price will increase, and a put option price will decrease if an exercise price increases. C. Security market line (SML) plots return against total risk which is measured by the standard deviation of returns. D. Because potential long-term returns, income from rent-payments, diversification, and inflation hedge, real-estate would be a good investment.
- State whether the following statements are true or false. In each case, provide a brief explanation. a. In a risk averse world, the binomial model states that, other things being equal, the greater the probability of an up movement in the stock price, the lower the value of a European put option. b. By observing the prices of call and put options on a stock, one can recover an estimate of the expected stock return. c. An investor would like to purchase a European call option on an underlying stock index with a strike price of 210 and a time to maturity of 3 months, but this option is not actively traded. However, two otherwise identical call options are traded with strike prices of 200 and 220 respectively, hence the investor can replicate a call with a strike price of 210 by holding a static position in the two traded calls. d. In a binomial world,if a stock is more likely to go up in price than to go down, an increase in volatility would increase the price of a call option and reduce…Select all that are true with respect to the Black Scholes Option Pricing Model (BSOPM) Group of answer choices When using BSOPM to value a stock option, the BSOPM assumes that stock prices follow a normal distribution. When using BSOPM to value a stock option, the BSOPM assumes that stock returns follow a normal distribution. Half of the observations in a normal distribution are above the mean and half are below the mean. Fisher Black and Myron Scholes were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1997 for their work in Option Pricing.II. Suppose you have the following information concerning a particular options.Stock price, S = RM 21Exercise price, K = RM 20Interest rate, r = 0.08Maturity, T = 180 days = 0.5Standard deviation, = 0.5 a. What is correct of the call options using Black-Scholes model? b. Compute the put options price using Black-Scholes model? c. Outline the appropriate arbitrage strategy and graphically prove that the arbitrage is riskless.Note: Use the call and put options prices you have computed in the previous question (a) and (b) above.b. Name the options/stock strategy used to proof the put-call parity. c. What would be the extent of your profit in (a) depend on?
- Explain in detail with an example how the change of the variables (like Stock Price, Exercise Price, Risk-Free Rate, Volatility or Standard Deviation, and Time to Expiration) of Black-Scholes-Merton Formula affect the price of the option.Michael Weber, CFA, is analyzing several aspects of option valuation, including the determinants of the value of an option, the characteristics of various models used to value options, and the potential for divergence of calculated option values from observed market prices.a. What is the expected effect on the value of a call option on common stock if the volatility of the underlying stock price decreases? If the time to expiration of the option increases?b. Using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and an estimate of stock return volatility, Weber calculates the price of a 3-month call option and notices the option’s calculated value is different from its market price. With respect to Weber’s use of the Black-Scholes option-pricing model,i. Discuss why the calculated value of an out-of-the-money European option may differ from its market price.ii. Discuss why the calculated value of an American option may differ from its market price.The Black–Scholes option pricing model (OPM) was developed in 1973. The creation of the Black–Scholes OPM played a significant role in the rapid growth of options trading. The derivation of the Black–Scholes Option Pricing Model rests on the concept of a riskless hedge or leveraged buyout According to the Black–Scholes Option Pricing Model, as the variance, σ2σ2, increases, the value of the call option increase or decrease Happy Orange Storage Company has a current stock price of $28.00. A call option on this stock has an exercise price of $28.00 and 0.25 year to maturity. The variance of the stock price is 0.09, and the risk-free rate is 6%. You calculate d₁ to be 0.18 and N(0.18) to be 0.5714. Therefore, d₂ will be 0.03 and N(0.03) will be 0.5120. Using the Black–Scholes Option Pricing Model, what is the value of the option? (Note: Use 2.7183 as the approximate value of e.) $1.877 $1.408 $1.971 $1.689
- Under the assumptions of the Black-Scholes model, which value does not affect the price of a European call option: Select one: a. the interest rate r b. the spot price S c. the strike price K d. the return of the stock µ e. the volatility of the stock σBased on Torelli’s scenarios, what is the mean return of GMS stock? What is the standard deviation of the return of GMS stock? 2. After a cursory examination of the put option prices, Torelli suspects that a good strategy is to buy one put option A for each share of GMS stock purchased. What are the mean and standard deviation of return for this strategy?In the Black-Scholes option pricing model, the value of a call is inversely related to: a. the risk-free interest stock b. the volatility of the stock c. its time to expiration date d. its stock price e. its strike price