Which of the following collecting duct transporters is required to concentrate urine? A) Aquaporin channels B) H+ ATPase C) K+ channels D) Na+ channels E) Na+ - K+ - 2CI - symporter
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2. Which of the following collecting duct transporters is required to concentrate urine?
A) Aquaporin channels
B) H+ ATPase
C) K+ channels
D) Na+ channels
E) Na+ - K+ - 2CI - symporter
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- 26. An investigator is interested in measuring renal plasma flow in an experiment. The clearance of which of the following compounds would best approximate this parameter? OA) p-Aminohippurate OB) Bicarbonate OC) Inulin D) Potassium E) Sodium OF) WaterReduced osmolality in the blood leads to ... a) Increase the water permeability in the collection pipe b) Reduced urinary osmolality c) Reduced urine volume d) Increased ADH secretion40. Which of the following lettered curves in the graph shown best illustrates the renal handling of inulin? O A) 150- 15 100- 50- B A Filtered load remaining in tubular lumen (%) 200- 0+ OB) Proximal Loop of tubule Henle O C) Distal tubule HL Urine OD) O E)
- 49. A healthy 27-year-old man ingests 500 mL of hypertonic saline (5%). Which of the following laboratory findings is most likely? OA) Decreased plasma arginine vasopressin concentration B) Decreased plasma osmolality OC) Decreased urine flow rate OD) Increased free water clearance11. An experimental animal is treated with an agent that dilates efferent arterioles of glomerular capillaries. This agent would be expected to have which of the following effects on renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate? OA) OB) C) O D) E) Renal blood flow Glomerular filtration rate T No change 1 ↑ L T 1 T ↑ ↓8. Urine passes through the ureters by which mechanism? a) capillary action b) peristalsis c) gravity alone d) suction
- High levels of bicarbonate ions in the urine indicate a) That the kidneys work to increase the pH in the blood b) Low levels of H + are released in the urine c) That the pH of the urine is decreasing d) All of the above options are correctSelect the advantages of using dry reagent strip tests for urinalysis, (select all that apply): A) requires large sample volume B) difficult to use and read C) easy to train D) difficult instrument for reading7. In the absence of ADH (vasopressin) the concentration of tubular fluid solute is greatest at which of the following sites on the nephron? OA) B- O B) A D O C) HE OD) OE)
- 33. The rate of HCO3-reabsorption in the renal tubules is increased by which of the following? OA) A decrease in the filtered load of HCO3 O B) An increase in arterial Pco₂ C) An increase in extracellular fluid volume OD) An increase in serum Cl-concentration O) E Inhibition of renal carbonic anhydrase activityCh. 7: Which type of renal calculi can be dissolved by raising urine pH with potassium citrate? a) uric acid b) cystine c) struvite d) calcium30.Functions of the collecting ducts include (circle all that apply): a) secretion b)filtration c) concentrating urine d) lubrication with mucus