Which of the following are ways a pathogen can disrupt systemic controls? autoimmune diseases I cytokine storms I hemorrhagic effects clotting disorders

Q: Our immune system efficiently kills all categories of microbes that attempt to colonize our bodies.…

A: Human body is protected with a very efficient immune system. It act as soldiers in protecting the…

Q: most likely due to adaptation to different disease environments. This type of long- term adaptation…

A: Sickle cell disease : When someone inherits two mutant copies of the hemoglobin gene , the abnormal…

Q: Many human epithelial cells produce sticky mucus. Which of the following statements best describes…

A: The immune system includes three lines of defense against foreign body: physical and chemical…

Q: When giving a vaccination to an infant, the nurse should tell the mother to expect which adverse…

A: The immune system of the body helps guard against infectious diseases and any pathogens can…

Q: An important difference between the primary response to an antigen and the anamnest response is that…

A: The primary response is the first response after the exposure of antigen during which the antibodies…

Q: The elimination of self-reactive thymocytes is called________.a. positive selection.b. negative…

A: The T-cells of the adaptive immune system plays a crucial role in protecting the body from foreign…

Q: Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disorder? a) Lupus Ob) Rheumatoid Arthritis c) HIV/AIDS

A: Introduction - A disease in which the body's immune system attacks healthy cells is called…

Q: in order for phagocytic cells to recognize pathogens, the        on the pathogen surface must…

A: Innate immunity refers to nonspecific defense mechanisms that come into play immediately or within…

Q: Which of the following has a very LOW LD50 and is deadly by nonspecifically hyperactivating T-cells…

A: Introduction Cytokines are tiny proteins secreted by cells that have a specific influence on cell…

Q: Vaccination is synonymous with _________ immunity.a. natural active b. artificial passive c.…

A: The ability of multicellular organisms to resist organisms that are harmful is called immunity. It…

Q: Eosinophils are proinflammatory mediators : they function in allergy, parasite eradication, and…

A: Eosinophil is a type of WBC and they play a significant role in immune system to fight off…

Q: What is the term that describes how pathogens alter their surface antigens to prevent antibody…

A: Pathogens are the organisms which upon entering in to the  host causes infectious diseases.

Q: A disease ____ is a source of the pathogen in the environment a) interferon b) pandemic c) epidemic…

A: A disease is an abnormal condition that affects the structure or function of an organism and is…

Q: The epidemiologic triangle is a graphic demonstration of relationship among the following, EXCEPT: O…

A: Question - The epidemiologic triangle is a graphic demonstration of relationship among the…

Q: Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease?a. multiple sclerosisb. myasthenia gravisc.…

A: Immunity can be defined as the ability of an organism to fight against infections caused by a…

Q: Vaccines are substances that confer immunity against________.a) All kind of diseases b) Communicable…

A: Each vaccine contains a small amount of the  germ (virus or bacteria) ,inactivated  or dead or parts…

Q: Preventing Disease - weakened or killed pathogens used to, an 1. response (usually a shot) 2.…

A: Hello. Since you have posted multiple questions and not specified which question needs to be solved,…

Q: Which of the following causes damage to the cells of the immunesystem and allows for opportunistic…

A: Immune system of the body protect the body by defending invading pathogens from surroundings. The…

Q: Which of the following is NOT part of the first line of defense? fever

A: The many defensive categories of the innate immune system do not work individually, rather they are…

Q: An example of a primary immunodeficiency is DiGeorge syndrome HIV immunosuppressive drugs radiation…

A: Immune system is system which helps our body to fight against the foreign substances which will…

Q: A pathogen that has an extremely low LD50 would be  Group of answer choices very contagious. very…

A: LD50 can be defined as the number of microbes required to kill 50% of the infected hosts.

Q: 2) IL-12 3) Type I Interferon

A: Infection is a state in which the microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, and others, that enter the…

Q: Which of the following is a contraindication for vaccination? O Fever < 40.5*C O None of the above O…

A: Answer :- Option (B) is correct. - None of above.

Q: When the immune system initiates an inflammatory response, this is always beneficial to resolving…

A: Inflammation is process which is characterized by redness, swelling, heat and pain.

Q: BCG

A: Vaccines are weakened or killed microorganisms administered to the individual and elicit an immune…

Q: Can I get clarification on the three lines of defense and the cells that take place in each group?…

A: The immune system of a human body is the responsible for defending the individual from any harmful…

Q: How does pathogen infection result in the occurrence of fevers in a host? Pyrogens produced by the…

A:

Q: Foreign particles in blood, i.e. infective agents, are removed by the lymphatic vessels veins…

A: A foreign object, in medical words, is something that is in the body yet does not belong there.…

Q: Which of the following apply to a secondary O A small number of antigen-specific lymphocytes O A…

A: Immune responses to antigens or pathogenic agents may be categorised as primary or secondary immune…

Q: If you are having a fever, you are in your  A. zone of physiological stress B. zone of intolerance…

A: An individual has a fever assuming their internal heat level rises the ordinary scope of 98-100°F…

Q: Microbes and/or their products (endotoxins and lipopolysaccharides) : of all inflammations. are the…

A: The given statement is a false statement The underlying cause of inflammations is infectious agents…

Q: Look at the list below. Pick the ways that allergans can enter the body. There is more than one…

A: An allergy refers to the abnormal reactions in the body that is caused by the allergen. Allergic…

Q: that can chemically antagonize the toxic agent. Which of the following drugs is most likely being…

A: Cardiac glycosides are a class of drugs that is used to treat heart failure in patients. Cardiac…

Q: Allergy to pollen is classified as ________.     an immunodeficiency     a delayed…

A: Our body responds to stimuli. But there are times when the body responds too excessively for a small…

Q: Who is most responsible for the ease with which illnesses spread around the world

A: There are many illnesses that spread worldwide and they need proper attention and treatment so that…

Q: As it relates to infectious diseases, discuss the types of immune responses ( i.e., innate) and…

A: An immune response can be defined as a reaction that occurs in response to foreign pathogens…

Q: 2 Produce antibodies Something that causes an allergy 3 Molecules on the cell that recognize…

A: INTRODUCTION The immune system is consists of cells that fight external particles that may cause…

Q: The contact with allergen that results in symptoms is called thea. sensitizing dose b. degranulation…

A: The concentration of antigen is always an important factor which initiates an immune response. If…

Q: Which of the following statements is true? A. Hypersensitivity requires previous exposure to an…

A:

Q: Which of the following is an example of a chemical barrier to infection? O Cellular junctions…

A: Chemical barrier: it is a part of innate immune system and act as a 1st line of defense in our body.…

Q: A/An _______________ vaccine does not induce sterilizing immunity and allow infection, replication…

A: Sterilizing immunity refers to the ability of the immune system to limit a pathogen such as bacteria…

Q: Herd immunity protects un-immunized individuals because immunized persons in the community serve to…

A: Herd immunity is the type of immunity that protects the people who cannot get immunised such as…

Q: Which are both mechanical barriers to the transmission of pathogens? skin and stomach acid O mucus…

A: Pathogens are the organisms that are capable of disrupting the normal physiological balance of an…

Q: The definition of an infectious disease is that _____________

A: Answer : it is caused by microbe. The definition of an infectious disease is caused by microbes.

Q: Antiphagocytic factors produced by microorganisms include all of the following EXCEPT a.…

A: Bacteria are microscopic organisms which belong to prokaryote because these are unicellular…

Q: Which type of molecule recognizes macromolecules that are present in/on certain groups of pathogens?…

A: Introduction: Phagocytosis is a process in which the phagocytic cells engulf the microbes. It is an…

Q: A drug A has been administered intravenously for a patient who has infection. What percentage of the…

A: Ans. The half lives can also be a guide for how long a drug will take to reach a stable level in…

Q: Describe examples of who susceptible hosts might be and why in particular is the elderly vulnerable?…

A: Susceptible hosts are people with low or weak immunity. People who are suffering from chronic…

Q: Interleukins are associated primarily with which of thefollowing?a. production of various…

A: Immunology is a section of biology that includes the study of molecules, cells, and organs that…

Immune Disorders

The collaboration between the cells and proteins that work together as a defense system against infection comprises the immune system.Each of them performs a variety of tasks to recognize and/or react against a foreign body.