Answered: Which effect is greater for Na when it…

Science

Biology

Which effect is greater for Na when it is in electrochemical equilibrium the electrical or concentration gradient??

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285866932

Author:Lauralee Sherwood

Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood

Chapter3: The Plasma Membrane And Membrane Potential

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 2TAHL: Assume that a membrane permeable to Na+ but not to Cl- separates two solutions. The concentration of...

See similar textbooks

Related questions

Q: sodium potassium pumps are the driving force behind what

A: Introduction The "sodium pump" is another term for the sodium-potassium pump, which is a type of…

Q: Which of the following is the phospholipid transporter that moves phospholipids from the cytosolic…

A: Phospholipids are a major component of the plasma membrane that surrounds cells. The phospholipid…

Q: Which of the following signaling pathways deactivates the ß-catenin destruction complex? O TGF-B…

A: The β-catenin destruction complex is a cellular mechanism that regulates β-catenin levels, a protein…

Q: Cuboidal epithelial cells are thin, flat cells. Group of answer choices False True

A: Cuboidal epithelial cells are so called because they are shaped like cubes or boxes, and are taller…

Q: You are following segregation of four genes in a cross – A, B, C, and D Dominant alleles are capital…

A: Introduction : One dominant allele combined with a recessive allele results in a heterozygous…

Q: In the same oak leaf that absorbed 15,440 photons, how many CO2 molecules are fixed to produce the…

A: Introduction Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert…

Q: Make a list of your favorite snack foods. Then make a listing of the fat content in each. Decide…

A: Snacks are small amounts of food eaten in between meals. While they may provide a short energy…

Q: Hui fell and twisted their ankle while playing basketball. It is painful, swollen, and red. Based on…

A: Introduction :- Inflammation is a biological response of the body to harmful stimuli, such as…

Q: After performing a PCR reaction with an expected product size of 700 bp, you observe the results…

A: PCR stands for a polymerase chain reaction and it is a technique used to amplify the DNA sample…

Q: The PCR primers are at a 10 uM stock concentration, how much of each primer would you add to get…

A: PCR primers are short pieces of single-stranded DNA that are designed to bind to specific target…

Q: Please describe the theory of evolution and what there is to support it?

A: Evolution is the process by which living things change over time. It happens as a result of…

Q: As shown under each graph in this image, particular transversions (replacement of a pyrimidine by a…

A: Mutation is any sudden change in the genetic setup of an organism. Adenine and guanine are purines…

Q: Question 1 If 100 uL is taken from the 10² dilution and added to 900 uL, what is the final dilution…

A: Colony-forming unit (CFU, cfu, or CFU) is a unit used in microbiology to measure the number of…

Q: + Table 1: Vigilance simulations abundance and Spacing Sim 1: 4 Junco, spacing 5 Sim 1:4 Junco,…

A: In this question, we will be analyzing the results of simulations conducted to study the behavior of…

Q: Mytilus trossulus species of mussel lives in freshwater does this still mean that the water has a…

A: Introduction :- Mytilus trossulus is a species of mussel that is commonly found in both freshwater…

Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of GMOs in human health? Where does GMO stand today? Are…

A: Genetic engineering play important roles in developing or producing the GMOs. Genetically modified…

Q: What is the difference between sterilization and disinfection? For lab applications which is…

A: Microbes are often killed in lab techniques to prevent contamination and ensure the accuracy and…

Q: Which part of the immune system makes it unlikely for you to get chicken pox more than once? O a.…

A: Introduction :- The adaptive immune response is a complex defense mechanism of the body against…

Q: manatees are shallow water herbivores that face increasing threats. Use your know knowledge of…

A: Manatees are enormous, entirely aquatic, primarily herbivorous marine animals also referred to as…

Q: Which of the following correctly describes the flow of electrons during photosynthesis? Select one:…

A: The options in this question include photosystem I and II both of them are present in non cyclinc…

Q: When do scientists use the Hardy Weinberg Equation? After all, the conditions are never r met in the…

A: The Hardy-Weinberg principle is an important concept in population genetics. It states that, in the…

Q: What is the difference between a gene and an allele?

A: Gene: A gene is a segment of DNA that contains the instructions for the production of a particular…

Q: What are the differences between phase contrast microscopy and differential interference microscopy?

A: Microscopy is a laboratory technique that uses a microscope to examine small objects.

Q: Question 1 Consider a species of chipmunk, Tamias striatus, with two populations that differ only in…

A: A Punnett square is a graphical representation used to predict the possible genotypes of offspring…

Q: 5) Describe the structure and function of three different structures found outside of the bacterial…

A: As per Bartleby guidelines we are supposed to answer only 3 sub-parts . Please post remaining…

Q: A series of mutant strains (a through f) of a particular mold are not able to grow on minimal media…

A: Auxotrophs- If the appropriate nutrients are not provided, the auxotrophic mutants cannot grow in…

Q: In paragraph form (about 2-3 long paragraphs), how would you characterize and identify antimicrobial…

A: Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and…

Q: A: A B Madreporite C AB: D

A: Starfish: Echinoderms with a star form that belong to the class Asteroidea are known as starfish or…

Q: This is not what the question ask for?

A: Introduction:- Genotype refers to the genetic constituent of an individual organism while the…

Q: Explain why mature red blood cells become non nucleated

A: Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, are the most abundant cells in the blood, responsible…

Q: Which of the following is True about the STAT signaling cascade? O It amplifies signal for TGF-B…

A: Latent cytoplasmic transcription factors have been identified as STATs (signal transducers and…

Q: Myofiber,that is mature muscle cells, have more than one nucleus,how does that happen

A: Myofibers are units that form the skeletal muscles. They are seen as bundles, and apart from muscle…

Q: Part 1 With use of Punnett diagrams discuss how the results of experiments carried out by Austrian…

A: Mendelian genetics refers to the fundamental principles of inheritance first described by Gregor…

Q: What is the purpose of the condenser? When using a petri dish, How do you label it? What side do you…

A: A Petri dish is a shallow transparent lidded dish used by biologists to hold growth medium in which…

Q: Is behavior determined only by our genes? This seems a little too absolute, but it is a valid…

A: Introduction :- Epigenetics is the study of heritable changes in gene expression that occur without…

Q: In the previous question, we identified what products are needed and made at each step of the…

A: Introduction : The oxidative phosphorylation process, which produces ATP, is carried out by a…

Q: Name and briefly describe three major contributions that Dr. DeBakey made to medicine and biomedical…

A: Dr. Michael DeBakey was a pioneering American heart surgeon and medical researcher who made numerous…

Q: The figure below shows the primary and secondary immune responses to an antigen. Which of the…

A: Immune system is a defensive system that works as a shield and form immunity for body and protect…

Q: This element is not an essential or beneficial nutrient, but rather toxic_____ Select one: a. carbon…

A: INTRODUCTION Nutrients are substances found in food that are essential for the body to function…

Q: Amphioxus gastrulation results in __________ layered sac. The opening of the sac is the ___________;…

A: The conversion of the two-dimensional embryo into a multi-dimensional structure is known as…

Q: What types of immune responses are part of your innate defence system? Select all that apply. Da.…

A: Introduction :- The innate defense system is the first line of defense against invading pathogens or…

Q: Make a table of the Brodmann's Area . Give emphasis on the clinical significance and associated…

A: Introduction The brain is a complex and intricate organ that is part of the central nervous system.…

Q: Describe the difference between an mRNA vaccine and a conventional vaccine?

A: A quick, safe, and efficient method of preventing deadly infections before someone becomes ill is…

Q: 4. Mr. Juan Dela Cruz, a 50-year-old male was diagnosed to have prostate carcinoma stage III. He was…

A: Introduction :- Carcinoma is a type of cancer that develops from cells that make up the skin or the…

Q: Goal Phases Mitosis # Cells Produced Of the above stages, which are haploid and which are diploid?…

A: Here we need to discuss mitosis and meiosis. We know that all cell cycle stages are essential to…

Q: B. Labrador retrievers have 3 varieties of fur colour: yellow, chocolate or black. Two genes are…

A: Introduction A dihybrid cross is a genetic cross between two individuals who are heterozygous for…

Q: A dehydration reaction O results in the addition of a water molecule O breaks down complex molecules…

A: Dehydration reactions are a kind of chemical reaction in which two molecules combine to produce a…

Q: what does it mean that the pH scale is logarithmic?

A: pH, it is a quantitative measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous or other liquid solutions.…

Q: A. How long will the coding region of the processed mRNA transcript be? (Remember that stop codons…

A: A. In an mRNA exons refer to the coding region while introns refer to the non-coding regions. During…

Concept explainers

Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.

Question

So when a cell is in electrochemical equilibrium I know for Cl there is no net movemnet because the electrical and concentration gradients have an equal effect. I also know that when K is an electrochemical equilibrium that the concentration effect is bigger than the electrical effect. Which effect is greater for Na when it is in electrochemical equilibrium the electrical or concentration gradient??

Definition Definition Study of chemical reactions that result in the production of electrical energy. Electrochemistry focuses particularly on how chemical energy is converted into electrical energy and vice-versa. This energy is used in various kinds of cells, batteries, and appliances. Most electrochemical reactions involve oxidation and reduction.

Expert Solution

This question has been solved!

Explore an expertly crafted, step-by-step solution for a thorough understanding of key concepts.

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Step 1

VIEW

Step 2

VIEW

Step by step

Solved in 2 steps

SEE SOLUTION Check out a sample Q&A here

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.

Similar questions

Suppose that the concentration of CI outside the cell is 100 and inside the cell is 10 mmol/liter. The Nernst equation at 20°C is: Eton = 58 millivolts/z- [10810 (m)] [lonlin You set the membrane voltage at 0 millivolts using a voltage clamp, and measure membrane current. If Cl is the only ion crossing the membrane, you would expect to see: Onegative charges flowing into the cell negative charges flow out of the cell 0 current the membrane hyperpolarizes (becomes more negative)
Under which circumstance is the Goldman equation equivalent to the Nernst equation? O when the cell membrane is only permeable to 1 ion O when the concentrations of the ions are equal outside and inside of the cell when the cell membrane is equally permeable to all ions O when there is no charge on the membrane
What is the free energy change for the transport of calcium ions (Ca++) across a membrane from a region (left) where the concentration is 50 micromolar to a region (right) where the concentration is 50 micromolar? A membrane potential of 60 mV exists across the membrane where the right side is more negative than the left side. The temperature is 25 C.
Which of the following would decrease the electrochemical gradient across a membrane? an ion channel lysosome proton pump Na/K pump
Estimate the equilibrium potential of a cell at 37 °C if the concentration of K* ions inside the cell is 50 times that on the outside of the cell.
Salt is being used to preserve salmon. You need to determine the time required for the salt concentration to reach a known value at the center of the salmon. The concentration of salt at the surface (CAS) is known, and so is the initial concentration (CAO) in the salmon muscle. You also know the mass diffusivity, Ds-s, of salt in salmon muscle. What type of system is this? O Steady State Diffusionn, no reaction O Unsteady State Diffusion O Steady State Diffusion, with reaction O Pseudosteady State O A through stagnate B
A hypothetical cell has a higher concentration of sodium ions outside the cell than inside the cell but an equal amount of chloride outside the cell and inside the cell. Based on its electrochemical gradient, which direction would chloride ions move across the cell membrane?
The Na+ /glucose symport transports glucose from the lumen of the smallintestine into cells lining the lumen. Transport of 1 glucose molecule isdirectly coupled to the transport of 1 Na+ ion into the cell. 1 Na+out + 1 glucoseout → 1 Na+in + 1 glucoseinAssume the following conditions at 37 °C: [Na+]in = 12 mM, [Na+]out =145 mM, [glucose]out = 28 μM, and Δψ = -72 mV (inside negative).(a) What is ΔG for transport of Na+ from outside to inside under theseconditions?(b) What is the upper limit for [glucose]in under these conditions?(c) Which of the two hypothetical symports shown below (A or B) wouldachieve the highest concentration of [glucose]in under the conditionsdescribed above? Briefly explain your choice. A: 1 Na+out + 2 glucoseout → 1 Na+in + 2 glucosein B: 2 Na+out + 1 glucoseout → 2 Na+in + 1 glucosein
Which of the following best describes a hypotonic solution? O There is a higher concentration of solute outside the cell than inside the cell There is a lower concentration of solute outside the cell than inside the cell The solute concentration both inside and outside the cell is equal O Through osmosis, water will enter the cell causing it to swell Which of the following is true regarding bulk transport? ATP is required to pump molecules against the concentration gradient Bulk transport is an example of passive transport Transport of large quantities of materials ATP changes the shape of a protein channel during active transport
Assume that a membrane permeable to Na+ but not to Cl- separates two solutions. The concentration of sodium chloride on side 1 is higher than on side 2. Which of the following ionic movements would occur? a. Na+ would move until its concentration gradient is dissipated (until the concentration of Na+ on side 2 is the same as the concentration of Na+ on side 1). b. Cl- would move down its concentration gradient from side 1 to side 2. c. A membrane potential, negative on side 1, would develop. d. A membrane potential, positive on side 1, would develop. e. None of the preceding is correct.
If the intracellular concentration of sodium ions in a cell is 5 mM and the extracellular concentration is 140 mM, which of the following would be TRUE? a at room temperature the equilibrium potential of sodium would be -84 mV b if the cell was only permeable to sodium its membrane potential would be negative c sodium ions would tend to move by simple diffusion into the cell d all of the above e none of the above
Water will always move from an area of high water potential to low water potential. If you drop a cell with WP = 0 into the water with WP = -0.9, then what will happen to the cell?