When one uses the after-tax weighted average cost of capital (WACC) to value a levered firm, the interest tax shield is: Multiple Choice A) capitalized by the levered cost of equity. B) not accounted for by the use of the WACC. C) automatically considered because the after-tax cost of debt is included within the WACC formula. D) considered by deducting the interest payment from the cash flows.

When one uses the after-tax weighted average cost of capital (WACC) to value a levered firm, the interest tax shield is: Multiple Choice A) capitalized by the levered cost of equity. B) not accounted for by the use of the WACC. C) automatically considered because the after-tax cost of debt is included within the WACC formula. D) considered by deducting the interest payment from the cash flows.

Intermediate Financial Management (MindTap Course List)

13th Edition

ISBN:9781337395083

Author:Eugene F. Brigham, Phillip R. Daves

Publisher:Eugene F. Brigham, Phillip R. Daves

Chapter11: Determining The Cost Of Capital

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 3Q

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Which of the following is most correct about the cost of capital? The cost of debt reflects the interest rates on debt capital before taking into account the tax effects. Cost of capital is affected by the required rates of return of each of the source of capital, regardless of the capital structure. The capital asset pricing model is the most widely used model to estimate the cost of common equity. To minimize the cost of capital, firms should borrow more than their capacity because increasing the lower cost of debt yields the lowest cost of capital, thus, enhances shareholder value.
The optimal capital structure: a. Maximizes the value of equity but not the tax shield associated with debtb. Minimizes the tax shield associated with debtc. Maximizes the value of the company but not necessarily the tax shield associated with debtd. Maximizes the value of the company and the tax shield associated with debt
While computing the cost of equity using the formula, r = D1 +g, we do not make PO any adjustment to express the cost of equity on an after-tax basis whereas while computing the cost of debt, a tax adjustment is required to arrive at after-tax cost of debt. Why is this so? Explain briefly.
Regarding the trade-off theory, capital structure is a trade-off between: tangible and intangible asset risk. tax savings and financial distress costs. high and low target debt ratios. tax shields and equity financing.
Which of the following statements is CORRECT? a. WACC calculations should be based on the before-tax costs of all the individual capital components. b. Flotation costs associated with issuing new common stock normally reduce the WACC. c. An increase in the risk-free rate will normally lower the marginal costs of both debt and equity financing. d. A change in a company's target capital structure cannot affect its WACC. e. If a company's tax rate increases, then, all else equal, its weighted average cost of capital will decline.
How would each of the following scenarios affect a firm's cost of debt, r d (l - t), t=tax rate; its cost of equity, rs; and its WACC? Indicate with an increase (I), a decreease (D), or no change (N) whether the factor would raise, lower, or have an indeterminate effect on the item in question. Assume for each answer that other things are held constant, even though in some instances this would probably not be true. rd (1-t) rs WACC 4) The dividend payout ratio is increased. 5) The firm expands into a risky new area. 6) Investors become more risk-averse. 7) The firm is an electric utility with a large investment innuclear plants. Several states are considering a ban on nuclear power generation.
How would each of the following scenarios affect a firm's cost of debt, r d (l - t), t=tax rate; its cost of equity, rs; and its WACC? Indicate with an increase (I), a decreease (D), or no change (N) whether the factor would raise, lower, or have an indeterminate effect on the item in question. Assume for each answer that other things are held constant, even though in some instances this would probably not be true. 1) The corporate tax rate is lowered. 2) The Federal Reserve tightens credit. 3) The firm uses more debt; that is, it increases its debt ratio
How would each of the following scenarios affect a firm's cost of debt, r d (l - t), t=tax rate; its cost of equity, rs; and its WACC? Indicate with an increase (I), a decreease (D), or no change (N) whether the factor would raise, lower, or have an indeterminate effect on the item in question. Assume for each answer that other things are held constant, even though in some instances this would probably not be true. rd (1-t) rs WACC 1) The corporate tax rate is lowered. 2) The Federal Reserve tightens credit. 3) The firm uses more debt; that is, it increases its debt ratio 4) The dividend payout ratio is increased. 5) The firm expands into a risky new area. 6) Investors become more risk-averse. 7) The firm is an electric utility with a large investment innuclear plants. Several states are considering a ban on nuclear power generation.
How would each of the following scenarios affect a firm's cost of debt, r d (l - t), t=tax rate; its cost of equity, rs; and its WACC? Indicate with an increase (I), a decreease (D), or no change (N) whether the factor would raise, lower, or have an indeterminate effect on the item in question. Assume for each answer that other things are held constant, even though in some instances this would probably not be true. rd (1-t) rs WACC 5) The firm expands into a risky new area. 6) Investors become more risk-averse. 7) The firm is an electric utility with a large investment innuclear plants. Several states are considering a ban on nuclear power generation.
(a) – Explain the concept of Tax Deduction in WACC. Does this tax deduction make debt finance Cheaper Then Equity Finance? (b) – Compare Dividend Valuation Model with Capital Asset Pricing Model in the context of calculating cost of equity? Can use of these two methods result in differing values of business?
Which statement about the cost of capital is incorrect? * A. If a company’s tax rate increases then, all else equal, its WACC will increase. B. A company’s target capital structure affects its WACC. C. WACC calculations is based on the after-tax costs of all individual capital components. D. Flotation costs can increase the WACC.
Which of the following steps is not required when estimating a firm’s weighted average cost of capital?a. Evaluate the firm’s capital structure and determine the relative weight of each component in the mix.b. Estimate the opportunity cost of each of the sources of financing and adjust it for the effects of taxes where appropriate.c. Subtract the weighting of preferred stock and reallocate the weighting to equity and debt.d. Calculate the weighted average cost of capital by computing a weighted average of the estimated after-tax costs of the various capital sources used by the firm.e. These are all steps taken to calculate the weighted average cost of capital.