The morphological variation (including skin color) observed between geographic populations in our species is a result of… Group of answer choices natural selection and evolutionary adaptation to different environments regional technological advances of the Upper Paleolithic acclimatization to different environments the internal physiological mechanisms involved in homeostasis cultural evolution in different regions of the world

The morphological variation (including skin color) observed between geographic populations in our species is a result of… Group of answer choices natural selection and evolutionary adaptation to different environments regional technological advances of the Upper Paleolithic acclimatization to different environments the internal physiological mechanisms involved in homeostasis cultural evolution in different regions of the world

Biology Today and Tomorrow without Physiology (MindTap Course List)

5th Edition

ISBN:9781305117396

Author:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Publisher:Cecie Starr, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr

Chapter15: Animal Evolution

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 4CT

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The assumption that it's possible to glean evidence of evolutionary changes in the deep past from fossil evidence, anatomical comparisons, and dating techniques is due to the law of uniformitarianism, which states: O The world operates by certain physical laws that have remained the same throughout time. O The Earth is uniformly covered in fossils. Time flows at a uniform rate on Earth. O All populations of living things change uniformly, at the same rate.
The diversity of modern vertebrates was shaped in partby mass extinctions. The most severe extinction eventwe know of occured at the border between the Permianand Triassic periods about 250 million years ago. Anestimated 96 percent of the marine species and 70 percentof land species disappeared in what is sometimes called“The Great Dying.” The cause of this mass extinctionremains under investigation. Suggested causes includean asteroid impact, extreme volcanic activity, or a sudden release of carbon dioxide from deposits on the sea floor. Which groups of vertebrates were present when this mass extinction event occurred? Which evolvedafterward?
House sparrows (Maya) were introduced to North America in 1852. Since that time thesparrows have evolved different characteristics in different locations. Sparrow populations inthe north are larger-bodied than sparrow populations in the south. This divergence inpopulations is probably at least partly a result of natural selection: larger-bodied birds canoften survive lower temperatures than smaller-bodied birds can. Colder weather in the northmay select for larger-bodied birds. What type of evolution based on natural selectionaccounts for this observation? Explain your answer.
Recent reconstructions of evolutionary history are often dependenton assigning divergence in terms of changes in amino acid ornucleotide sequences. For example, a comparison of cytochromec shows 10 amino acid differences between humans and dogs,24 differences between humans and moths, and 38 differencesbetween humans and yeast. Such data provide no information asto the absolute times of divergence for humans, dogs, moths, andyeast. How might one calibrate the molecular clock to an absolutetime clock? What problems might one encounter in such acalibration?
Organisms with favorable characteristics are more likely to survive and pass on their traits to their offspring. This is referred to as Ovariation Ospeciation O adaptation natural selection
Regarding data from the fossil record, morphological change in the same direction over time (e.g., body size increase) in all lineages of a clade indicates a/an: O no evolutionary trend average evolutionary trend O active evolutionary trend O passive evolutionary trend O negative evolutionary trend
Which of the following statements regarding evolution is FALSE? evolution is a relatively slow process Oall of these statements are TRUE evolution operates at a variable speed transitional forms appear during periods of rapid evolutionary change evolution operates over the course of multiple generations
Evidence for biocultural evolution during the Upper Pleistocene may exist in the form of craniofacial morphological differences between premodern humans and modern humans because, as one interpretation mentioned in your text suggests… Group of answer choices deep concentration on the creation of cave art murals resulted in the selection for more gracile craniofacial morphology in modern humans hunter gatherers used landscape surveying methods to hunt and gather resources, a practice that required long periods of squinting resulting in supraorbital browridge muscle robusticity frequent spiritual rituals focused around chanting practices resulted in enlarged craniofacial muscle attachments basket weaving techniques required the use of the teeth as a clamp to temporarily hold the sinew technological innovations assisting with food processing resulted in anatomically modern humans not needing large teeth and facial muscles to chew and process their foods
What is NOT a product of evolution? O Adaptations O The great chain of being O Vestigial organs O Biodiversity
Over long periods of time, many cave-dwelling organisms have lost their eyes. Tapeworms have lost their digestive systems. VWhales have lost their hind limbs. How can natural selection account for these losses? The ancestors of these organisms experienced harmful mutations that forced them to lose these structures. Natural selection accounts for these losses by the principle of use and disuse. OIf the function of these structures has diminished over long periods of time, each of these structures presented greater costs than benefits. O Natural selection cannot account for losses, but accounts only for new structures and functions.
In studying recent fossils of the genus Homo, such as Cro-Magnon,biologists have determined that modern humans have not undergonemuch biological evolution in the past 50,000 years. Rather, culturalanthropologists argue that cultural evolution has been far moreimportant than biological evolution in the recent history of modernhumans. What do they mean by this? Support your argument withsome examples.
The broad thin ears of this African elephant help dissipate heat during hot days of its habitat - a trait that makes the survival of the organism possible in that habitat. This is an example of response to stimulus growth and development hierarchial order of organism evolutionary adaptation inter-species interaction