The duodenum is important for Absorbing nutrient molecules produced by enzymes Releasing acid into the chyme mixture Repetitive neutralization of highly acidic chyme by pancreatic HCO3- The storage of bile acids
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- Which of these nutrients is absorbed mainly in the duodenum? glucose iron sodium waterOn the histologic section of the glands stomach's fundus, relatively large electron-microscopically cells with acidophilic cytoplasm can be seen, and in these cells there is a complicated system of intracellular tubules. What component of gastric juice is formed due to the activity of these cells? Serotonin Mucus Gastrin O Hydrochloric acid OpepsinogenA histological specimen of submandibular salivary gland represents basket * cells from which some processes radiate and embrace the secretory unit. Contraction of the processes of these cells helps in expelling secretions from the lumen of secretory units and moving them to the system of excretory ducts. Name these cells: Serous cells O Mucocytes Epithelial cells O Adipocytes O Myoepithelial Cells
- Write an account of the regulation of acid production by neural and hormonal mechanisms during the gastric phase (Figure 1). enteric distension activatas noural roflexes neurons HCI acetylcholine food in stomach parietal cell buffers histarnine açid increases pH to prevent stimulation of somatostatin ECL cell somatostatin secretion somatostatin- releasing cell gastrin G cell peptidesParietal cells acidify the stomach contents while maintaining a neutral cytosolic pH by: exporting "excess" cytosolic OH as HCO3 exchanging HCO3- for CI O preserving electroneutrality by accompanying the movement of each CI ion into the stomach lumen by a K+ O All of the other are correctdigeetion oflipids by bile sats and lecithin, elimination Enyzmes secreted by the pancreas break down (chemically digest) ALL four types of macromolecules: Protein-digesting enzymes are called Carbohydrate-digesting enzymes are called en to aove - Lipid-digesting enzymes are called enteetni Jeme ert ho (మ
- The concentration of acid in the gastric lumen is itself an important determinant of the rate of acid secretion. Explain why?Part A Pancreatic juice does NOT contain O enteropeptidase O bicarbonate ions Orocarboxypeptidase O amylase Submit Request Answer Provide FeedbackExplain the control of the gastrointestinal tract through the enteric nervous system , that other parts of the autonomic nervous system that are involved pancrease and bile secretion and how hormone acetylcholine and histamine are also involved) in the increase of hydrochloric acid release.
- In the duodenum lipid stimulate cck secretion. Explain how this would affect gastric emptying, pancreatic function, gallbladder secretion, and the sensation of hunger.All the structures of the alimentary canal have 4 similar major histological tissues . Which of the following descriptions of the tissue layers contains innacurate information? A) The mucosa layer consits of a simple epithelium (responsible for absoprtion), a lamina proprioa (supports the epithelium) and muscularis mucosae (thats ivolved with peristalsis. B) The muscularis externa has 2 or 3 layers of smooth msulce and is involced with persistalsis C) The submucosa layer is a connective tissue layer that anchors the mucosa layer and contains many blood vessels, lyphatic vessels, and nerves D) The serosa layer is a connective tissue layer that tethers the alimnetary canal to the appropirate body cavitities. I believe that D is false but I am not certainBased on your knowledge and the information from the figure below, how is the acid production during the intestinal phase regulated?| enteric neurons neural refеx HCI acetylcholine intestinal phase stimuli: increased H*, distension, osmolarity, fats in duocienum parletal cell histamine enterogastrones: CCK, secretin, Gİ.P-1, GIP ECL somatostatin cell somatostatin- gastrin releasing cell Gcell