The carbonic acid equilibrium is shown below. Exhalation of CO2 by the lungs causes this equilibrium to shift to the ______, which causes the pH of the blood to _______. H+ + HCO3- <=> H2CO3 <=> H2O + CO2 a) left; increase b) left; decrease c) right; decrease d) right; increase
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The carbonic acid equilibrium is shown below. Exhalation of CO2 by the lungs causes this equilibrium to shift to the ______, which causes the pH of the blood to _______.
H+ + HCO3- <=> H2CO3 <=> H2O + CO2
a) left; increase
b) left; decrease
c) right; decrease
d) right; increase
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- The carbonic acid equilibria are shown below. Tissues that are aerobically active produce CO2. This causes this equilibrium to shift to the ______, which causes the pH of the blood to ______. H+ + HCO3- <--> H2CO3 <--> H2O + CO2 a) right; increase b) right; decrease c) left; increase d) left; decreaseWhen travelling high altitude, one of the problem is alkalosis of the blood. Remember the equation for acid balance: CO2 + H2O ⇌ H2CO3 ⇌ HCO3− + H+ If there is a low amount of CO2 outside, then greater CO2 than normal will diffuse out of the lungs. This will cause the blood to become more basic. To counteract the problem, a drug may be taken to both lower the blood pressure and help correct the pH. To do this, it blocks a symporter of HCO3- and Na+ in the proximal tubule of the kidney. Q: How would blocking transport of HCO3- help to lower the pH of the blood?An individual's ratio of carbonic acid and bicarbonate ions is 17/0.6 Which of the following is a true statement? For a total of 3 answers - choose one of each of the following pairs: i) respiratory or metabolic ii) acidosis or alkalosis iii) uncompensated or partial compensation
- Individuals with cystic fibrosis produce thick mucus in the lungs, resulting in a higher-than-normal level of CO2 in the blood. What is the problem that results from higher-than-normal levels of COz in the blood? Please relate this to buffers in the blood and construct a clear problem statement.Mr. Jones has COPD, an obstructive respiratory disorder. An arterial blood gas (ABG) sample was taken and she had an elevated arterial PCO2. Answer the following questions: What happens to H+ concentrations? What happens to pH? What type of acid-base imbalance is created? (Hint: Select one of these choices: metabolic acidosis, metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis, or respiratory alkalosis) What type of compensation occurs? What does the body do during this type of compensation?how does the process of exhalation influence the pH of blood, considering the role of carbon dioxide (CO2) removal in regulating acid-base balance? Discuss the physiological mechanisms involved in maintaining blood pH during exhalation, including the role of respiratory control centers and the relationship between CO2 levels, bicarbonate, (HCO3-), carbonic acid (H2CO3) formation, and pH changes in the bloodstream
- Using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation for part a, b, and c Given: If the CO2 concentration decreases from 40 mmHg to 30 mmHg a. how much will the pH change? Given: If an unknown amount of CO2 is dissolved eventually leading to a pH of 8.4 b. What is final concentration of CO2? c. How would the body respond in each case? (Answer a, b, and c)During the treatment for COVID-19, one complication includes an increase of CO2 in the lungs. This buildup of CO2 can result in a serious condition called respiratory acidosis if the level of H+ significantly changes. If the pH drops by 1 unit, what has happened to the H+ concentration?During a severe bout of pneumonia, Eduardo had difficulties breathing. His PaCO2 was elevated and he became acidotic. Describe how CO2 travels from the tissues to the lungs to be expelled from the body. In doing so, describe the various forms that CO2 takes along the way. Finally, describe how CO2 levels affect blood pH.
- When our tissues are burning metabolic fuel they produce protons and carbon dioxide. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase uses water to convert most of the carbon dioxide into carbonic acid. i) Describe the change of the blood carbon dioxide concentration of the swimmer from Phase I to the end of Phase II (do NOT explain the other phases)? ii) How does this change in the blood carbon dioxide concentration impact the pH of the blood of the swimmer from Phase I to the end of Phase II (do NOT explain the other phases)? iii) explain the chemical reasoning behind the impact on pH from Phase I to the end of Phase II (do NOT explain the other phases).Consider the equilibrium shown below; indicating the buffering system in the blood circulation. CO, + H,0 [H,CO3] HCO3¯+H* When a patient is choking, would this lead to an alkalosis or an acidosis situation? Explain.Carbon dioxide dissolved in body fluids has a pronounced effect on pH.(a) Does pH go up or down when carbon dioxide dissolves in these fluids? Does this change indicate higher or lower acidity?(b) What does a blood gas analysis measure?