Test Cross to Check Genotype If an organism shows the dominant phenotype, then one of its genes has to be the dominant allele, but you cannot be sure of the identity of the other allele unless you do a test cross to see if the dominant parent will breed pure. Let's pretend that you are in the dog-breeding business. You know that long hair on a "pooch hound" is a dominant allele and short hair is recessive. You purchase a male long-haired "pooch hound." How do you figure out if your male "pooch hound" is homozygous or heterozygous for long hair? Which genotype of female should you breed him to? If a proper test cross is used, what phenotypes of puppies would see if your male dog is heterozygous you dominant? What puppy phenotypes would you see if your male dog is homozygous dominant?. Complete the Punnett Square to show the test cross that would convince someone that your "pooch hound" is homozygous for long hair.

Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap Course List)
9th Edition
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Lauralee Sherwood
Chapter6: The Peripheral Nervous System: Afferent Division; Special Senses
Section: Chapter Questions
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184 Chapter 15
No melanin in the front part of the iris. The color is due to
minimal amounts of melanin in the rear of the iris with the
clear front portion scattering light reflected off the melanin.
This scattering is greatest in the blue spectrum giving the iris
its blue color.
Blue:
Various Eye Colors
The same as blue, but with a slight amount of melanin in the
front of the iris which tones down, or greys, the blue reflected
Grey:
from behind.
A bit more melanin particles scattered in the front part of the
iris create yellow. Blended with the light blue from the rear of
the iris, it produces an overall
Green:
green
color.
Even more melanin particles in the front of the iris give a slight
brown color, and dilute melanin particles scattered throughout
the iris add some yellow.
Hazel:
Brown: Melanin particles in the front part of the iris and throughout
the iris. The amount of melanin varies, leading to gradations
of brown color in the eye.
Black:
Large amounts of melanin in front and throughout the iris.
Test Cross to Check Genotype
If an organism shows the dominant phenotype, then one of its genes
has to be the dominant allele, but you cannot be sure of the identity of
the other allele unless you do a test cross to see if the dominant parent
will breed pure.
Let's pretend that you are in the dog-breeding business. You know
that long hair on a "pooch hound" is a dominant allele and short hair is
recessive. You purchase a male long-haired "pooch hound." How do you
figure out if your male "pooch hound" is homozygous or heterozygous for
long hair? Which genotype of female should you breed him to?
If a proper test cross is used, what phenotypes of puppies would you
see if your male dog is heterozygous dominant?
What puppy phenotypes would you see if your male dog is homozygous
dominant?
Complete the Punnett Square to show the test cross that would
convince someone that your "pooch hound" is homozygous for long hair.
Cases of Incomplete Dominance
1. When a straight-haired mouse is crossed with a curly-haired mouse,
the result is always wavy hair. Two wavy-haired mice cross.
a. What are the genotypes of the two wavy-haired mice?
b. Draw the Punnett Square of a cross between two wavy-haired
mice, and show the probable genotypes of their offspring.
c. What is the expected phenotype ratio of the offspring?
d. What is the expected genotype ratio of the offspring?
Transcribed Image Text:184 Chapter 15 No melanin in the front part of the iris. The color is due to minimal amounts of melanin in the rear of the iris with the clear front portion scattering light reflected off the melanin. This scattering is greatest in the blue spectrum giving the iris its blue color. Blue: Various Eye Colors The same as blue, but with a slight amount of melanin in the front of the iris which tones down, or greys, the blue reflected Grey: from behind. A bit more melanin particles scattered in the front part of the iris create yellow. Blended with the light blue from the rear of the iris, it produces an overall Green: green color. Even more melanin particles in the front of the iris give a slight brown color, and dilute melanin particles scattered throughout the iris add some yellow. Hazel: Brown: Melanin particles in the front part of the iris and throughout the iris. The amount of melanin varies, leading to gradations of brown color in the eye. Black: Large amounts of melanin in front and throughout the iris. Test Cross to Check Genotype If an organism shows the dominant phenotype, then one of its genes has to be the dominant allele, but you cannot be sure of the identity of the other allele unless you do a test cross to see if the dominant parent will breed pure. Let's pretend that you are in the dog-breeding business. You know that long hair on a "pooch hound" is a dominant allele and short hair is recessive. You purchase a male long-haired "pooch hound." How do you figure out if your male "pooch hound" is homozygous or heterozygous for long hair? Which genotype of female should you breed him to? If a proper test cross is used, what phenotypes of puppies would you see if your male dog is heterozygous dominant? What puppy phenotypes would you see if your male dog is homozygous dominant? Complete the Punnett Square to show the test cross that would convince someone that your "pooch hound" is homozygous for long hair. Cases of Incomplete Dominance 1. When a straight-haired mouse is crossed with a curly-haired mouse, the result is always wavy hair. Two wavy-haired mice cross. a. What are the genotypes of the two wavy-haired mice? b. Draw the Punnett Square of a cross between two wavy-haired mice, and show the probable genotypes of their offspring. c. What is the expected phenotype ratio of the offspring? d. What is the expected genotype ratio of the offspring?
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184 Chapter 15
Various Eye Colors
Blue:
Grey:
Green:
Hazel:
No melanin in the front part of the iris. The color is due to
minimal amounts of melanin in the rear of the iris with the
clear front portion scattering light reflected off the melanin.
This scattering is greatest in the blue spectrum giving the iris
its blue color.
Black:
The same as blue, but with a slight amount of melanin in the
front of the iris which tones down, or greys, the blue reflected
from behind.
A bit more melanin particles scattered in the front part of the
iris create yellow. Blended with the light blue from the rear of
the iris, it produces an overall green color.
Even more melanin particles in the front of the iris give a slight
brown color, and dilute melanin particles scattered throughout
the iris add some yellow.
Brown: Melanin particles in the front part of the iris and throughout
the iris. The amount of melanin varies, leading to gradations
of brown color in the eye.
Large amounts of melanin in front and throughout the iris.
Test Cross to Check Genotype
If an organism shows the dominant phenotype, then one of its genes
has to be the dominant allele, but you cannot be sure of the identity of
the other allele unless you do a test cross to see if the dominant parent
will breed pure.
Let's pretend that you are in the dog-breeding business. You know
that long hair on a "pooch hound" is a dominant allele and short hair is
recessive. You purchase a male long-haired "pooch hound." How do you
figure out if your male "pooch hound" is homozygous or heterozygous for
long hair? Which genotype of female should you breed him to?
If a proper test cross is used, what phenotypes of puppies would you
see if your male dog is heterozygous dominant?
What puppy phenotypes would you see if your male dog is homozygous
dominant?.
Complete the Punnett Square to show the test cross that would
convince someone that your "pooch hound" is homozygous for long hair.
Cases of Incomplete Dominance
1. When a straight-haired mouse is crossed with a curly-haired mouse,
the result is always wavy hair. Two wavy-haired mice cross.
a. What are the genotypes of the two wavy-haired mice?
b. Draw the Punnett Square of a cross between two wavy-haired
mice, and show the probable genotypes of their offspring.
c. What is the expected phenotype ratio of the offspring?
%
%
d. What is the expected genotype ratio of the offspring?
%
Transcribed Image Text:184 Chapter 15 Various Eye Colors Blue: Grey: Green: Hazel: No melanin in the front part of the iris. The color is due to minimal amounts of melanin in the rear of the iris with the clear front portion scattering light reflected off the melanin. This scattering is greatest in the blue spectrum giving the iris its blue color. Black: The same as blue, but with a slight amount of melanin in the front of the iris which tones down, or greys, the blue reflected from behind. A bit more melanin particles scattered in the front part of the iris create yellow. Blended with the light blue from the rear of the iris, it produces an overall green color. Even more melanin particles in the front of the iris give a slight brown color, and dilute melanin particles scattered throughout the iris add some yellow. Brown: Melanin particles in the front part of the iris and throughout the iris. The amount of melanin varies, leading to gradations of brown color in the eye. Large amounts of melanin in front and throughout the iris. Test Cross to Check Genotype If an organism shows the dominant phenotype, then one of its genes has to be the dominant allele, but you cannot be sure of the identity of the other allele unless you do a test cross to see if the dominant parent will breed pure. Let's pretend that you are in the dog-breeding business. You know that long hair on a "pooch hound" is a dominant allele and short hair is recessive. You purchase a male long-haired "pooch hound." How do you figure out if your male "pooch hound" is homozygous or heterozygous for long hair? Which genotype of female should you breed him to? If a proper test cross is used, what phenotypes of puppies would you see if your male dog is heterozygous dominant? What puppy phenotypes would you see if your male dog is homozygous dominant?. Complete the Punnett Square to show the test cross that would convince someone that your "pooch hound" is homozygous for long hair. Cases of Incomplete Dominance 1. When a straight-haired mouse is crossed with a curly-haired mouse, the result is always wavy hair. Two wavy-haired mice cross. a. What are the genotypes of the two wavy-haired mice? b. Draw the Punnett Square of a cross between two wavy-haired mice, and show the probable genotypes of their offspring. c. What is the expected phenotype ratio of the offspring? % % d. What is the expected genotype ratio of the offspring? %
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