Q: Which of the following are associated with the origin and spread of antibiotic resistance?
A: Explanation are given below
Q: Why is it incorrect to say that bacteria produce toxins to harm their host?
A: When a bacterium invades a host cell it may produce a toxin. Toxins are strong elements that are…
Q: Which of the following compounds represents a peptidoglycan specific antibiotic ? A. tetracycline B.…
A: Peptidoglycan is a layer present in bacterial cell wall, It is a basic unit. due to its structure,…
Q: The first step for directly linking a microbe to a specific disease according to Koch's postulates…
A: The goal of the Isolation of bacteria is to prevent germs from sick or colonized patients from…
Q: Bacteria are equipped with mechanisms that are capable of counteracting host defenses. Please choose…
A: Bacteria are single-celled microscopic organisms that can survive in a diverse environment. They are…
Q: Which of the following is not an example of the physical, mechanical, and chemical barriers at body…
A: Innate immunity is present since birth. Innate immunity is non-specific. Innate immunity lacks…
Q: Identify examples of cell-wall antibiotics that are not beta-lactam drugs.
A: Antibiotics are the chemicals that prevent or inhibit the growth of some microbes such as bacteria.
Q: How can we avoid/prevent the pathogenic effect of some microorganisms?
A: INTRODUCTION During anesthesia, a breathing system could also be used for quite one patient. Any…
Q: Pick any bacterial pathogen, how could its relationship with its host be different if it was similar…
A: Pathogenic bacteria are those who cause harm to host organism. There are few bacteria who cause…
Q: What do you mean by immunofluorescence
A: Antibodies are immunoglobulins produced in response to antigenic stimulation. They may either bound…
Q: refer to the diagram left hand side is Tetracycline and right hand side is ampicillin. please help…
A: A disk diffusion test helps to test the susceptibility of any bacteria against different…
Q: Microbial resistance to drugs is acquired througha. conjugation.b. transformation.c. transduction.d.…
A: In biotechnology, microbial resistance is defined as the evolution of microbes with protective…
Q: Why are b- lactam antibiotics only bactericidal to growing bacteria?
A: Beta-lactam antibiotics are the antibiotics that are bactericidal, which means they kill bacteria.…
Q: List five cellular or structural mechanisms that microbes use to resist antimicrobials.
A: The organisms that are not observed by unaided eyes are the microorganisms. These may be…
Q: What is the connection between certain antimicrobial drugs and superinfections?
A: A microorganism develops an adaptive response towards antimicrobial drugs and is called drug…
Q: what are two broad classifications of antibiotics in terms of their ability to kill or inhibit?
A: Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances that are effective against bacteria. Antibiotic medications…
Q: Why doesn’t penicillin act against any eukaryotic pathogens
A: There are broadly two type of cell based on the structure and function: prokaryotic cells( form…
Q: Explain why there are far fewer antiviral agents than there are antibacterial agents
A: The primary classes of antimicrobial specialists are disinfectants (non-specific specialists, for…
Q: You discover a microbe that you believe is the causative agent of a new disease. Using Koch's…
A: Microbiology is the study of microorganisms and associated topics. Microbiology has gone a long way…
Q: Because penicillin prevents peptidoglycan synthesis, it is more effective on cells.
A: In this question, effect of penicillin on the cell wall of different types of bacteria is to be…
Q: Which pathogen is most likely to be treated with antibiotics?
A: Antibiotics are a particular type of medicine that helps stop infections caused by bacteria. They…
Q: Many visits to your physician do not result in a culture or a drug-test of the causative infectious…
A:
Q: Why does one microbe cause disease, whereas another,closely related species is completely harmless?
A: There are a variety of pathogenic and non-pathogenic species of bacteria that are related to each…
Q: Why does a population of microbes not die instantaneously when exposed to an antimicrobial agent?
A: Antimicrobial agents are agents that are used to stop or prevent the growth of microbes. They…
Q: name two antimicrobials and explain whether the organism was susceptible, intermediate, or…
A: We know, the Antibiotic prevent or stops the growth of microorganisms. Information on the minimum…
Q: A broad- spectrum antimicrobial drug would be a drug that attacks many different microbial sites.…
A: A broad-spectrum drug is an antibiotic that acts against a wide range of disease-causing bacteria.
Q: How can the use of chemical agents contribute to bacterial antibiotic resistance?
A: Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms that are unicellular and devoid of the cellular organelle like…
Q: Why are certain gram-negative bacteria more resistant than gram-positive bacteria to antimicrobials…
A: Gram-negative bacteria are characterized by the presence of thin peptidoglycan cell wall. The…
Q: Write a 200-300-word reflective essay on the emerging case of Antibiotic Resistance and what is your…
A: Introduction :- Antibiotics, also called antibacterials, are drugs that kill or slow the growth of…
Q: The man pictured below wears several dozen ornaments in his skin, most of them applied by piercing.…
A: A piercing is the creation of an opening in a part of the body for the insertion of jewelry.
Q: Who formulated the hypothesis that certain chemicals could kill microbes without harming humans was…
A: Chemotherapy includes antibacterial medications that target infectious germs or treatments that…
Q: briefly describes an example of how a unique cell structure of a microbe could be a target for…
A: Antibiotics are antimicrobial medicines derived from other organisms (such as moulds, fungi, and…
Q: Why do most antibacterial drugs not destroy human cells?
A: Antibiotic A chemical substance that inhibits the growth of microorganism by altering the…
Q: Why did viruses not fit well with Robert Koch's Postulates for the characterization of pathogenic…
A: Pathogens are disease causing organisism, which when enter the body uses host body mechanism or…
Q: Which of these antibiotics would do the best job as a broad spectrum antibiotic?
A: Broad spectrum antibiotic These antibiotics have effect on numerous different type of bacteria and…
Q: With some level of toxic shock syndrome caused by the superantigen produced by Staphylococcus…
A: Staphylococcus aureus - It is round shaped, gram positive bacteria, member of Firmicutes, generally…
Q: A compound synthesized by bacteria or fungi that destroys or inhibitsthe growth of other microbes is…
A: There are chemical as well as physical methods to control the microbe that kill the microorganism…
Q: differentiate desease from infection. differentiate virulence from pathogenicity.
A: This is a classical difference question in biology and in based on microbiology
Q: What kind of drug might be made out of an antimicrobial peptide and describe an advantage it would…
A: Bacterial drug resistance is now a significant ill health everywhere the planet as a results of…
Q: Harmless microbes fending off pathogenic microbes from invading the host Opportunistic pathogenesis…
A: Microbes are found everywhere and it can be both beneficial and harmful. Beneficial microbes are…
Q: Is it as effective to take two antibiotics sequentially as it is to take them simultaneously, as…
A: Antibiotics are antimicrobial substances that are effective against microorganisms. Antibiotic drugs…
Q: Can antibiotic kill bacteria?
A: Antibiotics are the drugs that are effective in treating the pathogenic infection. These drugs…
Q: How does non-compliance with antibiotic treatment regimens lead to the generation of drug resistant…
A: Antibiotics are drugs used to treat bacterial infections. Antibiotics have been used for a long time…
Q: Is a viral infection treatedwith the same kind of drugthat treats bacterialinfections?
A: The proliferation of harmful viruses inside the body of an organism causes viral infection. These…
Q: why doesn’t penicillin act against any eukaryotic pathogens.
A: Based on structure and function, there are two types of cells: Eukaryotic cells and prokaryotic…
Q: Why are bacteria referred to as pathogens
A:
Q: Identify two antimicrobials that act by inhibiting protein synthesis.
A: A protein synthesis inhibitor is a substance that prevents or inhibits cell growth or proliferation…
Some antibiotics fail to kill/inhibit a pathogen simply because the microbe is naturally (intrinsically) resistant to it.
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- We have many antimicrobial drugs to treat bacterial infections, but very few for viruses. Why is it so difficult to treat viral infections? Hint: What would the targets for the drugs be?(a) Describe how a microorganism may become resistant to a drug to which it was previously susceptible. (b) What can health care workers do to help prevent the development of drug resistant microbes? (c) What can you do on a personal level to help prevent the development of drug resistant microbes? 2.Below, you can see a picture of an antimicrobial drug. Regarding semi-synthetic antimicrobial drug development to try to avoid development of antibiotic resistance, use 1 sentence to address what is the significance/value of the presence of the various R-groups (e.g. R4, R5, R6, etc.)?
- With the help of two (2) examples, define antibiotics.No one would dispute the facts that the use of antibiotics is extremely beneficial. Why then are there currently discussions around the idea that we as a society should be limiting our antibiotic use? What are the pros and cons of utilizing antibacterial and antimicrobial products (NOT antibiotics) on a daily basis? Do you agree or disagree that the use of antibiotics should be reduced and if so, how should it be done?In terms of microbial pathogenicity, molecular Koch's postulates are a set of experimental criteria that show: A microbe is the aetiological agent of a disease A gene encodes a product that contributes to disease A gene encodes a product that contributes to immunity to a disease A mutation does not contribute to disease
- All of the following can be side effects of antimicrobialagents EXCEPT:(a) “Superinfections” can occur with new pathogens whendefensive capacity of normal flora is destroyed(b) Host toxicity(c) Disruption of normal microflora in host(d) Host allergic reaction(e) Host “superimmunity”Which one of the following is not correct? * a) Biocompatibility is the ability of a material to perform within an appropriate host response. b) Bioactivity is the characteristic that not allows the material to form a bond with living tissue c) Biodegradability is the breakdown of O the implant due to chemical or cellular interaction. O d) all of aboveSubstances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can either inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called: a)semisynthetic drugs b) narrow-spectrum drugs c) antibiotics d) synthetic drugs
- Bacteria exhibit drug resistance only by genetic means. OPTIONS: True FalseDuring the anthrax crisis of 2001, public health officials urged citizens not to take the antibiotic ciprofloxacin as a preventative measure. Public health officials were concerned that overuse of ciprofloxacin would lead to resistant varieties of anthrax and other bacterial pathogens. Ciprofloxacin is one of the few readily available antibiotics that can treat anthrax. 1)Do you think that public health officials should more directly regulate the availability of ciprofloxacin to ensure its proper use? 2)Why?Identify examples of cell-wall antibiotics that are not beta-lactam drugs.